x86 / CPU: Always show current CPU frequency in /proc/cpuinfo

After commit 890da9cf (Revert "x86: do not use cpufreq_quick_get()
for /proc/cpuinfo "cpu MHz"") the "cpu MHz" number in /proc/cpuinfo
on x86 can be either the nominal CPU frequency (which is constant)
or the frequency most recently requested by a scaling governor in
cpufreq, depending on the cpufreq configuration.  That is somewhat
inconsistent and is different from what it was before 4.13, so in
order to restore the previous behavior, make it report the current
CPU frequency like the scaling_cur_freq sysfs file in cpufreq.

To that end, modify the /proc/cpuinfo implementation on x86 to use
aperfmperf_snapshot_khz() to snapshot the APERF and MPERF feedback
registers, if available, and use their values to compute the CPU
frequency to be reported as "cpu MHz".

However, do that carefully enough to avoid accumulating delays that
lead to unacceptable access times for /proc/cpuinfo on systems with
many CPUs.  Run aperfmperf_snapshot_khz() once on all CPUs
asynchronously at the /proc/cpuinfo open time, add a single delay
upfront (if necessary) at that point and simply compute the current
frequency while running show_cpuinfo() for each individual CPU.

Also, to avoid slowing down /proc/cpuinfo accesses too much, reduce
the default delay between consecutive APERF and MPERF reads to 10 ms,
which should be sufficient to get large enough numbers for the
frequency computation in all cases.

Fixes: 890da9cf (Revert "x86: do not use cpufreq_quick_get() for /proc/cpuinfo "cpu MHz"")
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/Makefile

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ obj-y			+= common.o
 obj-y			+= rdrand.o
 obj-y			+= match.o
 obj-y			+= bugs.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_CPU_FREQ)	+= aperfmperf.o
+obj-y			+= aperfmperf.o
 obj-y			+= cpuid-deps.o
 
 obj-$(CONFIG_PROC_FS)	+= proc.o

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/aperfmperf.c

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 #include <linux/percpu.h>
 #include <linux/smp.h>
 
+#include "cpu.h"
+
 struct aperfmperf_sample {
 	unsigned int	khz;
 	ktime_t	time;
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ struct aperfmperf_sample {
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct aperfmperf_sample, samples);
 
 #define APERFMPERF_CACHE_THRESHOLD_MS	10
-#define APERFMPERF_REFRESH_DELAY_MS	20
+#define APERFMPERF_REFRESH_DELAY_MS	10
 #define APERFMPERF_STALE_THRESHOLD_MS	1000
 
 /*
@@ -38,8 +40,6 @@ static void aperfmperf_snapshot_khz(void *dummy)
 	u64 aperf, aperf_delta;
 	u64 mperf, mperf_delta;
 	struct aperfmperf_sample *s = this_cpu_ptr(&samples);
-	ktime_t now = ktime_get();
-	s64 time_delta = ktime_ms_delta(now, s->time);
 	unsigned long flags;
 
 	local_irq_save(flags);
@@ -57,38 +57,68 @@ static void aperfmperf_snapshot_khz(void *dummy)
 	if (mperf_delta == 0)
 		return;
 
-	s->time = now;
+	s->time = ktime_get();
 	s->aperf = aperf;
 	s->mperf = mperf;
-
-	/* If the previous iteration was too long ago, discard it. */
-	if (time_delta > APERFMPERF_STALE_THRESHOLD_MS)
-		s->khz = 0;
-	else
-		s->khz = div64_u64((cpu_khz * aperf_delta), mperf_delta);
+	s->khz = div64_u64((cpu_khz * aperf_delta), mperf_delta);
 }
 
-unsigned int arch_freq_get_on_cpu(int cpu)
+static bool aperfmperf_snapshot_cpu(int cpu, ktime_t now, bool wait)
 {
-	s64 time_delta;
-	unsigned int khz;
+	s64 time_delta = ktime_ms_delta(now, per_cpu(samples.time, cpu));
+
+	/* Don't bother re-computing within the cache threshold time. */
+	if (time_delta < APERFMPERF_CACHE_THRESHOLD_MS)
+		return true;
+
+	smp_call_function_single(cpu, aperfmperf_snapshot_khz, NULL, wait);
+
+	/* Return false if the previous iteration was too long ago. */
+	return time_delta <= APERFMPERF_STALE_THRESHOLD_MS;
+}
 
+unsigned int aperfmperf_get_khz(int cpu)
+{
 	if (!cpu_khz)
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_APERFMPERF))
 		return 0;
 
-	/* Don't bother re-computing within the cache threshold time. */
-	time_delta = ktime_ms_delta(ktime_get(), per_cpu(samples.time, cpu));
-	khz = per_cpu(samples.khz, cpu);
-	if (khz && time_delta < APERFMPERF_CACHE_THRESHOLD_MS)
-		return khz;
+	aperfmperf_snapshot_cpu(cpu, ktime_get(), true);
+	return per_cpu(samples.khz, cpu);
+}
 
-	smp_call_function_single(cpu, aperfmperf_snapshot_khz, NULL, 1);
-	khz = per_cpu(samples.khz, cpu);
-	if (khz)
-		return khz;
+void arch_freq_prepare_all(void)
+{
+	ktime_t now = ktime_get();
+	bool wait = false;
+	int cpu;
+
+	if (!cpu_khz)
+		return;
+
+	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_APERFMPERF))
+		return;
+
+	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
+		if (!aperfmperf_snapshot_cpu(cpu, now, false))
+			wait = true;
+
+	if (wait)
+		msleep(APERFMPERF_REFRESH_DELAY_MS);
+}
+
+unsigned int arch_freq_get_on_cpu(int cpu)
+{
+	if (!cpu_khz)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!static_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_APERFMPERF))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (aperfmperf_snapshot_cpu(cpu, ktime_get(), true))
+		return per_cpu(samples.khz, cpu);
 
 	msleep(APERFMPERF_REFRESH_DELAY_MS);
 	smp_call_function_single(cpu, aperfmperf_snapshot_khz, NULL, 1);

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/cpu.h

@@ -47,4 +47,7 @@ extern const struct cpu_dev *const __x86_cpu_dev_start[],
 
 extern void get_cpu_cap(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
 extern void cpu_detect_cache_sizes(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
+
+unsigned int aperfmperf_get_khz(int cpu);
+
 #endif /* ARCH_X86_CPU_H */

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/proc.c

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
 
+#include "cpu.h"
+
 /*
  *	Get CPU information for use by the procfs.
  */
@@ -78,8 +80,10 @@ static int show_cpuinfo(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 		seq_printf(m, "microcode\t: 0x%x\n", c->microcode);
 
 	if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_TSC)) {
-		unsigned int freq = cpufreq_quick_get(cpu);
+		unsigned int freq = aperfmperf_get_khz(cpu);
 
+		if (!freq)
+			freq = cpufreq_quick_get(cpu);
 		if (!freq)
 			freq = cpu_khz;
 		seq_printf(m, "cpu MHz\t\t: %u.%03u\n",

fs/proc/cpuinfo.c

 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/cpufreq.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 
+__weak void arch_freq_prepare_all(void)
+{
+}
+
 extern const struct seq_operations cpuinfo_op;
 static int cpuinfo_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 {
+	arch_freq_prepare_all();
 	return seq_open(file, &cpuinfo_op);
 }
 

include/linux/cpufreq.h

@@ -917,6 +917,7 @@ static inline bool policy_has_boost_freq(struct cpufreq_policy *policy)
 }
 #endif
 
+extern void arch_freq_prepare_all(void);
 extern unsigned int arch_freq_get_on_cpu(int cpu);
 
 extern void arch_set_freq_scale(struct cpumask *cpus, unsigned long cur_freq,