perf stat: Support JSON metrics in perf stat

Add generic support for standalone metrics specified in JSON files to
perf stat. A metric is a formula that uses multiple events to compute a
higher level result (e.g. IPC).

Previously metrics were always tied to an event and automatically
enabled with that event. But now change it that we can have standalone
metrics. They are in the same JSON data structure as events, but don't
have an event name.

We also allow to organize the metrics in metric groups, which allows a
short cut to select several related metrics at once.

Add a new -M / --metrics option to perf stat that adds the metrics or
metric groups specified.

Add the core code to manage and parse the metric groups. They are
collected from the JSON data structures into a separate rblist.  When
computing shadow values look for metrics in that list.  Then they are
computed using the existing saved values infrastructure in stat-shadow.c

The actual JSON metrics are in a separate pull request.

  % perf stat -M Summary --metric-only -a sleep 1

   Performance counter stats for 'system wide':

  Instructions   CLKS          CPU_Utilization  GFLOPs   SMT_2T_Utilization   Kernel_Utilization
  317614222.0    1392930775.0  0.0              0.0      0.2                  0.1

       1.001497549 seconds time elapsed

  % perf stat -M GFLOPs flops

   Performance counter stats for 'flops':

     3,999,541,471  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_scalar_single #  1.2 GFLOPs   (66.65%)
                14  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_scalar_double                 (66.65%)
                 0  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_packed_double                 (66.67%)
                 0  fp_comp_ops_exe.sse_packed_single                 (66.70%)
                 0  simd_fp_256.packed_double                         (66.70%)
                 0  simd_fp_256.packed_single                         (66.67%)
                 0  duration_time

       3.238372845 seconds time elapsed

v2: Add missing header file
v3: Move find_map to pmu.c
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170831194036.30146-7-andi@firstfloor.orgSigned-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>

tools/perf/Documentation/perf-stat.txt

@@ -199,6 +199,13 @@ Aggregate counts per processor socket for system-wide mode measurements.
 --per-core::
 Aggregate counts per physical processor for system-wide mode measurements.
 
+-M::
+--metrics::
+Print metrics or metricgroups specified in a comma separated list.
+For a group all metrics from the group are added.
+The events from the metrics are automatically measured.
+See perf list output for the possble metrics and metricgroups.
+
 -A::
 --no-aggr::
 Do not aggregate counts across all monitored CPUs.

tools/perf/builtin-stat.c

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
 #include "util/tool.h"
 #include "util/group.h"
 #include "util/string2.h"
+#include "util/metricgroup.h"
 #include "asm/bug.h"
 
 #include <linux/time64.h>
@@ -133,6 +134,8 @@ static const char *smi_cost_attrs = {
 
 static struct perf_evlist	*evsel_list;
 
+static struct rblist		 metric_events;
+
 static struct target target = {
 	.uid	= UINT_MAX,
 };
@@ -1234,7 +1237,7 @@ static void printout(int id, int nr, struct perf_evsel *counter, double uval,
 
 	perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(counter, uval,
 				first_shadow_cpu(counter, id),
-				&out);
+				&out, &metric_events);
 	if (!csv_output && !metric_only) {
 		print_noise(counter, noise);
 		print_running(run, ena);
@@ -1565,7 +1568,8 @@ static void print_metric_headers(const char *prefix, bool no_indent)
 		os.evsel = counter;
 		perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(counter, 0,
 					      0,
-					      &out);
+					      &out,
+					      &metric_events);
 	}
 	fputc('\n', stat_config.output);
 }
@@ -1789,6 +1793,13 @@ static int enable_metric_only(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int parse_metric_groups(const struct option *opt,
+			       const char *str,
+			       int unset __maybe_unused)
+{
+	return metricgroup__parse_groups(opt, str, &metric_events);
+}
+
 static const struct option stat_options[] = {
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('T', "transaction", &transaction_run,
 		    "hardware transaction statistics"),
@@ -1854,6 +1865,9 @@ static const struct option stat_options[] = {
 			"measure topdown level 1 statistics"),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "smi-cost", &smi_cost,
 			"measure SMI cost"),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('M', "metrics", &evsel_list, "metric/metric group list",
+		     "monitor specified metrics or metric groups (separated by ,)",
+		     parse_metric_groups),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 

tools/perf/util/Build

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ libperf-y += dso.o
 libperf-y += symbol.o
 libperf-y += symbol_fprintf.o
 libperf-y += color.o
+libperf-y += metricgroup.o
 libperf-y += header.o
 libperf-y += callchain.o
 libperf-y += values.o

tools/perf/util/metricgroup.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017, Intel Corporation.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ */
+
+/* Manage metrics and groups of metrics from JSON files */
+
+#include "metricgroup.h"
+#include "evlist.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "pmu.h"
+#include "expr.h"
+#include "rblist.h"
+#include "pmu.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include "pmu-events/pmu-events.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "strlist.h"
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+struct metric_event *metricgroup__lookup(struct rblist *metric_events,
+					 struct perf_evsel *evsel,
+					 bool create)
+{
+	struct rb_node *nd;
+	struct metric_event me = {
+		.evsel = evsel
+	};
+	nd = rblist__find(metric_events, &me);
+	if (nd)
+		return container_of(nd, struct metric_event, nd);
+	if (create) {
+		rblist__add_node(metric_events, &me);
+		nd = rblist__find(metric_events, &me);
+		if (nd)
+			return container_of(nd, struct metric_event, nd);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int metric_event_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
+{
+	struct metric_event *a = container_of(rb_node,
+					      struct metric_event,
+					      nd);
+	const struct metric_event *b = entry;
+
+	if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
+		return 0;
+	if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
+		return -1;
+	return +1;
+}
+
+static struct rb_node *metric_event_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
+					const void *entry)
+{
+	struct metric_event *me = malloc(sizeof(struct metric_event));
+
+	if (!me)
+		return NULL;
+	memcpy(me, entry, sizeof(struct metric_event));
+	me->evsel = ((struct metric_event *)entry)->evsel;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&me->head);
+	return &me->nd;
+}
+
+static void metricgroup__rblist_init(struct rblist *metric_events)
+{
+	rblist__init(metric_events);
+	metric_events->node_cmp = metric_event_cmp;
+	metric_events->node_new = metric_event_new;
+}
+
+struct egroup {
+	struct list_head nd;
+	int idnum;
+	const char **ids;
+	const char *metric_name;
+	const char *metric_expr;
+};
+
+static struct perf_evsel *find_evsel(struct perf_evlist *perf_evlist,
+				     const char **ids,
+				     int idnum,
+				     struct perf_evsel **metric_events)
+{
+	struct perf_evsel *ev, *start = NULL;
+	int ind = 0;
+
+	evlist__for_each_entry (perf_evlist, ev) {
+		if (!strcmp(ev->name, ids[ind])) {
+			metric_events[ind] = ev;
+			if (ind == 0)
+				start = ev;
+			if (++ind == idnum) {
+				metric_events[ind] = NULL;
+				return start;
+			}
+		} else {
+			ind = 0;
+			start = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	/*
+	 * This can happen when an alias expands to multiple
+	 * events, like for uncore events.
+	 * We don't support this case for now.
+	 */
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int metricgroup__setup_events(struct list_head *groups,
+				     struct perf_evlist *perf_evlist,
+				     struct rblist *metric_events_list)
+{
+	struct metric_event *me;
+	struct metric_expr *expr;
+	int i = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct egroup *eg;
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+
+	list_for_each_entry (eg, groups, nd) {
+		struct perf_evsel **metric_events;
+
+		metric_events = calloc(sizeof(void *), eg->idnum + 1);
+		if (!metric_events) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+		}
+		evsel = find_evsel(perf_evlist, eg->ids, eg->idnum,
+				   metric_events);
+		if (!evsel) {
+			pr_debug("Cannot resolve %s: %s\n",
+					eg->metric_name, eg->metric_expr);
+			continue;
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < eg->idnum; i++)
+			metric_events[i]->collect_stat = true;
+		me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events_list, evsel, true);
+		if (!me) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+		}
+		expr = malloc(sizeof(struct metric_expr));
+		if (!expr) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+		}
+		expr->metric_expr = eg->metric_expr;
+		expr->metric_name = eg->metric_name;
+		expr->metric_events = metric_events;
+		list_add(&expr->nd, &me->head);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static bool match_metric(const char *n, const char *list)
+{
+	int len;
+	char *m;
+
+	if (!list)
+		return false;
+	if (!strcmp(list, "all"))
+		return true;
+	if (!n)
+		return !strcasecmp(list, "No_group");
+	len = strlen(list);
+	m = strcasestr(n, list);
+	if (!m)
+		return false;
+	if ((m == n || m[-1] == ';' || m[-1] == ' ') &&
+	    (m[len] == 0 || m[len] == ';'))
+		return true;
+	return false;
+}
+
+static int metricgroup__add_metric(const char *metric, struct strbuf *events,
+				   struct list_head *group_list)
+{
+	struct pmu_events_map *map = perf_pmu__find_map();
+	struct pmu_event *pe;
+	int ret = -EINVAL;
+	int i, j;
+
+	strbuf_init(events, 100);
+	strbuf_addf(events, "%s", "");
+
+	if (!map)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
+		pe = &map->table[i];
+
+		if (!pe->name && !pe->metric_group && !pe->metric_name)
+			break;
+		if (!pe->metric_expr)
+			continue;
+		if (match_metric(pe->metric_group, metric) ||
+		    match_metric(pe->metric_name, metric)) {
+			const char **ids;
+			int idnum;
+			struct egroup *eg;
+
+			pr_debug("metric expr %s for %s\n", pe->metric_expr, pe->metric_name);
+
+			if (expr__find_other(pe->metric_expr,
+					     NULL, &ids, &idnum) < 0)
+				continue;
+			if (events->len > 0)
+				strbuf_addf(events, ",");
+			for (j = 0; j < idnum; j++) {
+				pr_debug("found event %s\n", ids[j]);
+				strbuf_addf(events, "%s%s",
+					j == 0 ? "{" : ",",
+					ids[j]);
+			}
+			strbuf_addf(events, "}:W");
+
+			eg = malloc(sizeof(struct egroup));
+			if (!eg) {
+				ret = -ENOMEM;
+				break;
+			}
+			eg->ids = ids;
+			eg->idnum = idnum;
+			eg->metric_name = pe->metric_name;
+			eg->metric_expr = pe->metric_expr;
+			list_add_tail(&eg->nd, group_list);
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int metricgroup__add_metric_list(const char *list, struct strbuf *events,
+				        struct list_head *group_list)
+{
+	char *llist, *nlist, *p;
+	int ret = -EINVAL;
+
+	nlist = strdup(list);
+	if (!nlist)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	llist = nlist;
+	while ((p = strsep(&llist, ",")) != NULL) {
+		ret = metricgroup__add_metric(p, events, group_list);
+		if (ret == -EINVAL) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find metric or group `%s'\n",
+					p);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	free(nlist);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void metricgroup__free_egroups(struct list_head *group_list)
+{
+	struct egroup *eg, *egtmp;
+	int i;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe (eg, egtmp, group_list, nd) {
+		for (i = 0; i < eg->idnum; i++)
+			free((char *)eg->ids[i]);
+		free(eg->ids);
+		free(eg);
+	}
+}
+
+int metricgroup__parse_groups(const struct option *opt,
+			   const char *str,
+			   struct rblist *metric_events)
+{
+	struct parse_events_error parse_error;
+	struct perf_evlist *perf_evlist = *(struct perf_evlist **)opt->value;
+	struct strbuf extra_events;
+	LIST_HEAD(group_list);
+	int ret;
+
+	if (metric_events->nr_entries == 0)
+		metricgroup__rblist_init(metric_events);
+	ret = metricgroup__add_metric_list(str, &extra_events, &group_list);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+	pr_debug("adding %s\n", extra_events.buf);
+	memset(&parse_error, 0, sizeof(struct parse_events_error));
+	ret = parse_events(perf_evlist, extra_events.buf, &parse_error);
+	if (ret) {
+		pr_err("Cannot set up events %s\n", extra_events.buf);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&extra_events);
+	ret = metricgroup__setup_events(&group_list, perf_evlist,
+					metric_events);
+out:
+	metricgroup__free_egroups(&group_list);
+	return ret;
+}

tools/perf/util/metricgroup.h

+#ifndef METRICGROUP_H
+#define METRICGROUP_H 1
+
+#include "linux/list.h"
+#include "rblist.h"
+#include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
+#include "evlist.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct metric_event {
+	struct rb_node nd;
+	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+	struct list_head head; /* list of metric_expr */
+};
+
+struct metric_expr {
+	struct list_head nd;
+	const char *metric_expr;
+	const char *metric_name;
+	struct perf_evsel **metric_events;
+};
+
+struct metric_event *metricgroup__lookup(struct rblist *metric_events,
+					 struct perf_evsel *evsel,
+					 bool create);
+int metricgroup__parse_groups(const struct option *opt,
+			const char *str,
+			struct rblist *metric_events);
+
+void metricgroup__print(bool metrics, bool groups, char *filter, bool raw);
+#endif

tools/perf/util/pmu.c

@@ -580,8 +580,11 @@ static void pmu_add_cpu_aliases(struct list_head *head, const char *name)
 		const char *pname;
 
 		pe = &map->table[i++];
-		if (!pe->name)
+		if (!pe->name) {
+			if (pe->metric_group || pe->metric_name)
+				continue;
 			break;
+		}
 
 		pname = pe->pmu ? pe->pmu : "cpu";
 		if (strncmp(pname, name, strlen(pname)))

tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "rblist.h"
 #include "evlist.h"
 #include "expr.h"
+#include "metricgroup.h"
 
 enum {
 	CTX_BIT_USER	= 1 << 0,
@@ -671,13 +672,16 @@ static void generic_metric(const char *metric_expr,
 
 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 				   double avg, int cpu,
-				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
+				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
+				   struct rblist *metric_events)
 {
 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 	const char *color = NULL;
 	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
+	struct metric_event *me;
+	int num = 1;
 
 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[ctx][cpu]);
@@ -880,6 +884,20 @@ void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
 		print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out);
 	} else {
-		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
+		num = 0;
 	}
+
+	if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
+		struct metric_expr *mexp;
+
+		list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
+			if (num++ > 0)
+				out->new_line(ctxp);
+			generic_metric(mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
+					evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
+					avg, cpu, ctx, out);
+		}
+	}
+	if (num == 0)
+		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
 }

tools/perf/util/stat.h

@@ -91,9 +91,11 @@ struct perf_stat_output_ctx {
 	bool force_header;
 };
 
+struct rblist;
 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 				   double avg, int cpu,
-				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out);
+				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
+				   struct rblist *metric_events);
 void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *);
 
 int perf_evlist__alloc_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist, bool alloc_raw);