Commit ebaf9ab5 authored by Sergey Senozhatsky's avatar Sergey Senozhatsky Committed by Linus Torvalds

zram: switch to crypto compress API

We don't have an idle zstreams list anymore and our write path now works
absolutely differently, preventing preemption during compression.  This
removes possibilities of read paths preempting writes at wrong places
(which could badly affect the performance of both paths) and at the same
time opens the door for a move from custom LZO/LZ4 compression backends
implementation to a more generic one, using crypto compress API.

Joonsoo Kim [1] attempted to do this a while ago, but faced with the
need of introducing a new crypto API interface.  The root cause was the
fact that crypto API compression algorithms require a compression stream
structure (in zram terminology) for both compression and decompression
ops, while in reality only several of compression algorithms really need
it.  This resulted in a concept of context-less crypto API compression
backends [2].  Both write and read paths, though, would have been
executed with the preemption enabled, which in the worst case could have
resulted in a decreased worst-case performance, e.g.  consider the
following case:

	CPU0

	zram_write()
	  spin_lock()
	    take the last idle stream
	  spin_unlock()

	<< preempted >>

		zram_read()
		  spin_lock()
		   no idle streams
			  spin_unlock()
			  schedule()

	resuming zram_write compression()

but it took me some time to realize that, and it took even longer to
evolve zram and to make it ready for crypto API.  The key turned out to be
-- drop the idle streams list entirely.  Without the idle streams list we
are free to use compression algorithms that require compression stream for
decompression (read), because streams are now placed in per-cpu data and
each write path has to disable preemption for compression op, almost
completely eliminating the aforementioned case (technically, we still have
a small chance, because write path has a fast and a slow paths and the
slow path is executed with the preemption enabled; but the frequency of
failed fast path is too low).

TEST
====

- 4 CPUs, x86_64 system
- 3G zram, lzo
- fio tests: read, randread, write, randwrite, rw, randrw

test script [3] command:
 ZRAM_SIZE=3G LOG_SUFFIX=XXXX FIO_LOOPS=5 ./zram-fio-test.sh

                   BASE           PATCHED
jobs1
READ:           2527.2MB/s	 2482.7MB/s
READ:           2102.7MB/s	 2045.0MB/s
WRITE:          1284.3MB/s	 1324.3MB/s
WRITE:          1080.7MB/s	 1101.9MB/s
READ:           430125KB/s	 437498KB/s
WRITE:          430538KB/s	 437919KB/s
READ:           399593KB/s	 403987KB/s
WRITE:          399910KB/s	 404308KB/s
jobs2
READ:           8133.5MB/s	 7854.8MB/s
READ:           7086.6MB/s	 6912.8MB/s
WRITE:          3177.2MB/s	 3298.3MB/s
WRITE:          2810.2MB/s	 2871.4MB/s
READ:           1017.6MB/s	 1023.4MB/s
WRITE:          1018.2MB/s	 1023.1MB/s
READ:           977836KB/s	 984205KB/s
WRITE:          979435KB/s	 985814KB/s
jobs3
READ:           13557MB/s	 13391MB/s
READ:           11876MB/s	 11752MB/s
WRITE:          4641.5MB/s	 4682.1MB/s
WRITE:          4164.9MB/s	 4179.3MB/s
READ:           1453.8MB/s	 1455.1MB/s
WRITE:          1455.1MB/s	 1458.2MB/s
READ:           1387.7MB/s	 1395.7MB/s
WRITE:          1386.1MB/s	 1394.9MB/s
jobs4
READ:           20271MB/s	 20078MB/s
READ:           18033MB/s	 17928MB/s
WRITE:          6176.8MB/s	 6180.5MB/s
WRITE:          5686.3MB/s	 5705.3MB/s
READ:           2009.4MB/s	 2006.7MB/s
WRITE:          2007.5MB/s	 2004.9MB/s
READ:           1929.7MB/s	 1935.6MB/s
WRITE:          1926.8MB/s	 1932.6MB/s
jobs5
READ:           18823MB/s	 19024MB/s
READ:           18968MB/s	 19071MB/s
WRITE:          6191.6MB/s	 6372.1MB/s
WRITE:          5818.7MB/s	 5787.1MB/s
READ:           2011.7MB/s	 1981.3MB/s
WRITE:          2011.4MB/s	 1980.1MB/s
READ:           1949.3MB/s	 1935.7MB/s
WRITE:          1940.4MB/s	 1926.1MB/s
jobs6
READ:           21870MB/s	 21715MB/s
READ:           19957MB/s	 19879MB/s
WRITE:          6528.4MB/s	 6537.6MB/s
WRITE:          6098.9MB/s	 6073.6MB/s
READ:           2048.6MB/s	 2049.9MB/s
WRITE:          2041.7MB/s	 2042.9MB/s
READ:           2013.4MB/s	 1990.4MB/s
WRITE:          2009.4MB/s	 1986.5MB/s
jobs7
READ:           21359MB/s	 21124MB/s
READ:           19746MB/s	 19293MB/s
WRITE:          6660.4MB/s	 6518.8MB/s
WRITE:          6211.6MB/s	 6193.1MB/s
READ:           2089.7MB/s	 2080.6MB/s
WRITE:          2085.8MB/s	 2076.5MB/s
READ:           2041.2MB/s	 2052.5MB/s
WRITE:          2037.5MB/s	 2048.8MB/s
jobs8
READ:           20477MB/s	 19974MB/s
READ:           18922MB/s	 18576MB/s
WRITE:          6851.9MB/s	 6788.3MB/s
WRITE:          6407.7MB/s	 6347.5MB/s
READ:           2134.8MB/s	 2136.1MB/s
WRITE:          2132.8MB/s	 2134.4MB/s
READ:           2074.2MB/s	 2069.6MB/s
WRITE:          2087.3MB/s	 2082.4MB/s
jobs9
READ:           19797MB/s	 19994MB/s
READ:           18806MB/s	 18581MB/s
WRITE:          6878.7MB/s	 6822.7MB/s
WRITE:          6456.8MB/s	 6447.2MB/s
READ:           2141.1MB/s	 2154.7MB/s
WRITE:          2144.4MB/s	 2157.3MB/s
READ:           2084.1MB/s	 2085.1MB/s
WRITE:          2091.5MB/s	 2092.5MB/s
jobs10
READ:           19794MB/s	 19784MB/s
READ:           18794MB/s	 18745MB/s
WRITE:          6984.4MB/s	 6676.3MB/s
WRITE:          6532.3MB/s	 6342.7MB/s
READ:           2150.6MB/s	 2155.4MB/s
WRITE:          2156.8MB/s	 2161.5MB/s
READ:           2106.4MB/s	 2095.6MB/s
WRITE:          2109.7MB/s	 2098.4MB/s

                                    BASE                       PATCHED
jobs1                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     102,480,595,419 (  41.53%)	  114,508,864,804 (  46.92%)
stalled-cycles-backend       51,941,417,832 (  21.05%)	   46,836,112,388 (  19.19%)
instructions                283,612,054,215 (    1.15)	  283,918,134,959 (    1.16)
branches                     56,372,560,385 ( 724.923)	   56,449,814,753 ( 733.766)
branch-misses                   374,826,000 (   0.66%)	      326,935,859 (   0.58%)
jobs2                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     155,142,745,777 (  40.99%)	  164,170,979,198 (  43.82%)
stalled-cycles-backend       70,813,866,387 (  18.71%)	   66,456,858,165 (  17.74%)
instructions                463,436,648,173 (    1.22)	  464,221,890,191 (    1.24)
branches                     91,088,733,902 ( 760.088)	   91,278,144,546 ( 769.133)
branch-misses                   504,460,363 (   0.55%)	      394,033,842 (   0.43%)
jobs3                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     201,300,397,212 (  39.84%)	  223,969,902,257 (  44.44%)
stalled-cycles-backend       87,712,593,974 (  17.36%)	   81,618,888,712 (  16.19%)
instructions                642,869,545,023 (    1.27)	  644,677,354,132 (    1.28)
branches                    125,724,560,594 ( 690.682)	  126,133,159,521 ( 694.542)
branch-misses                   527,941,798 (   0.42%)	      444,782,220 (   0.35%)
jobs4                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     246,701,197,429 (  38.12%)	  280,076,030,886 (  43.29%)
stalled-cycles-backend      119,050,341,112 (  18.40%)	  110,955,641,671 (  17.15%)
instructions                822,716,962,127 (    1.27)	  825,536,969,320 (    1.28)
branches                    160,590,028,545 ( 688.614)	  161,152,996,915 ( 691.068)
branch-misses                   650,295,287 (   0.40%)	      550,229,113 (   0.34%)
jobs5                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     298,958,462,516 (  38.30%)	  344,852,200,358 (  44.16%)
stalled-cycles-backend      137,558,742,122 (  17.62%)	  129,465,067,102 (  16.58%)
instructions              1,005,714,688,752 (    1.29)	1,007,657,999,432 (    1.29)
branches                    195,988,773,962 ( 697.730)	  196,446,873,984 ( 700.319)
branch-misses                   695,818,940 (   0.36%)	      624,823,263 (   0.32%)
jobs6                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     334,497,602,856 (  36.71%)	  387,590,419,779 (  42.38%)
stalled-cycles-backend      163,539,365,335 (  17.95%)	  152,640,193,639 (  16.69%)
instructions              1,184,738,177,851 (    1.30)	1,187,396,281,677 (    1.30)
branches                    230,592,915,640 ( 702.902)	  231,253,802,882 ( 702.356)
branch-misses                   747,934,786 (   0.32%)	      643,902,424 (   0.28%)
jobs7                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     396,724,684,187 (  37.71%)	  460,705,858,952 (  43.84%)
stalled-cycles-backend      188,096,616,496 (  17.88%)	  175,785,787,036 (  16.73%)
instructions              1,364,041,136,608 (    1.30)	1,366,689,075,112 (    1.30)
branches                    265,253,096,936 ( 700.078)	  265,890,524,883 ( 702.839)
branch-misses                   784,991,589 (   0.30%)	      729,196,689 (   0.27%)
jobs8                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     440,248,299,870 (  36.92%)	  509,554,793,816 (  42.46%)
stalled-cycles-backend      222,575,930,616 (  18.67%)	  213,401,248,432 (  17.78%)
instructions              1,542,262,045,114 (    1.29)	1,545,233,932,257 (    1.29)
branches                    299,775,178,439 ( 697.666)	  300,528,458,505 ( 694.769)
branch-misses                   847,496,084 (   0.28%)	      748,794,308 (   0.25%)
jobs9                              perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     506,269,882,480 (  37.86%)	  592,798,032,820 (  44.43%)
stalled-cycles-backend      253,192,498,861 (  18.93%)	  233,727,666,185 (  17.52%)
instructions              1,721,985,080,913 (    1.29)	1,724,666,236,005 (    1.29)
branches                    334,517,360,255 ( 694.134)	  335,199,758,164 ( 697.131)
branch-misses                   873,496,730 (   0.26%)	      815,379,236 (   0.24%)
jobs10                             perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend     549,063,363,749 (  37.18%)	  651,302,376,662 (  43.61%)
stalled-cycles-backend      281,680,986,810 (  19.07%)	  277,005,235,582 (  18.55%)
instructions              1,901,859,271,180 (    1.29)	1,906,311,064,230 (    1.28)
branches                    369,398,536,153 ( 694.004)	  370,527,696,358 ( 688.409)
branch-misses                   967,929,335 (   0.26%)	      890,125,056 (   0.24%)

                            BASE           PATCHED
seconds elapsed        79.421641008	78.735285546
seconds elapsed        61.471246133	60.869085949
seconds elapsed        62.317058173	62.224188495
seconds elapsed        60.030739363	60.081102518
seconds elapsed        74.070398362	74.317582865
seconds elapsed        84.985953007	85.414364176
seconds elapsed        97.724553255	98.173311344
seconds elapsed        109.488066758	110.268399318
seconds elapsed        122.768189405	122.967164498
seconds elapsed        135.130035105	136.934770801

On my other system (8 x86_64 CPUs, short version of test results):

                            BASE           PATCHED
seconds elapsed        19.518065994	19.806320662
seconds elapsed        15.172772749	15.594718291
seconds elapsed        13.820925970	13.821708564
seconds elapsed        13.293097816	14.585206405
seconds elapsed        16.207284118	16.064431606
seconds elapsed        17.958376158	17.771825767
seconds elapsed        19.478009164	19.602961508
seconds elapsed        21.347152811	21.352318709
seconds elapsed        24.478121126	24.171088735
seconds elapsed        26.865057442	26.767327618

So performance-wise the numbers are quite similar.

Also update zcomp interface to be more aligned with the crypto API.

[1] http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=144480832108927&w=2
[2] http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=145379613507518&w=2
[3] https://github.com/sergey-senozhatsky/zram-perf-test

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160531122017.2878-3-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.comSigned-off-by: default avatarSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: default avatarMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: default avatarJoonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: default avatarMinchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
parent 2aea8493
config ZRAM
tristate "Compressed RAM block device support"
depends on BLOCK && SYSFS && ZSMALLOC
select LZO_COMPRESS
select LZO_DECOMPRESS
depends on BLOCK && SYSFS && ZSMALLOC && CRYPTO
select CRYPTO_LZO
default n
help
Creates virtual block devices called /dev/zramX (X = 0, 1, ...).
......@@ -18,9 +17,8 @@ config ZRAM
config ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
bool "Enable LZ4 algorithm support"
depends on ZRAM
select LZ4_COMPRESS
select LZ4_DECOMPRESS
select CRYPTO_LZ4
default n
help
This option enables LZ4 compression algorithm support. Compression
algorithm can be changed using `comp_algorithm' device attribute.
\ No newline at end of file
algorithm can be changed using `comp_algorithm' device attribute.
......@@ -14,42 +14,39 @@
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/crypto.h>
#include "zcomp.h"
#include "zcomp_lzo.h"
#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
#include "zcomp_lz4.h"
#endif
static struct zcomp_backend *backends[] = {
&zcomp_lzo,
static const char * const backends[] = {
"lzo",
#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
&zcomp_lz4,
"lz4",
#endif
NULL
};
static struct zcomp_backend *find_backend(const char *compress)
static const char *find_backend(const char *compress)
{
int i = 0;
while (backends[i]) {
if (sysfs_streq(compress, backends[i]->name))
if (sysfs_streq(compress, backends[i]))
break;
i++;
}
return backends[i];
}
static void zcomp_strm_free(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm)
static void zcomp_strm_free(struct zcomp_strm *zstrm)
{
if (zstrm->private)
comp->backend->destroy(zstrm->private);
if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(zstrm->tfm))
crypto_free_comp(zstrm->tfm);
free_pages((unsigned long)zstrm->buffer, 1);
kfree(zstrm);
}
/*
* allocate new zcomp_strm structure with ->private initialized by
* allocate new zcomp_strm structure with ->tfm initialized by
* backend, return NULL on error
*/
static struct zcomp_strm *zcomp_strm_alloc(struct zcomp *comp, gfp_t flags)
......@@ -58,14 +55,14 @@ static struct zcomp_strm *zcomp_strm_alloc(struct zcomp *comp, gfp_t flags)
if (!zstrm)
return NULL;
zstrm->private = comp->backend->create(flags);
zstrm->tfm = crypto_alloc_comp(comp->name, 0, 0);
/*
* allocate 2 pages. 1 for compressed data, plus 1 extra for the
* case when compressed size is larger than the original one
*/
zstrm->buffer = (void *)__get_free_pages(flags | __GFP_ZERO, 1);
if (!zstrm->private || !zstrm->buffer) {
zcomp_strm_free(comp, zstrm);
if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(zstrm->tfm) || !zstrm->buffer) {
zcomp_strm_free(zstrm);
zstrm = NULL;
}
return zstrm;
......@@ -78,12 +75,12 @@ ssize_t zcomp_available_show(const char *comp, char *buf)
int i = 0;
while (backends[i]) {
if (!strcmp(comp, backends[i]->name))
if (!strcmp(comp, backends[i]))
sz += scnprintf(buf + sz, PAGE_SIZE - sz - 2,
"[%s] ", backends[i]->name);
"[%s] ", backends[i]);
else
sz += scnprintf(buf + sz, PAGE_SIZE - sz - 2,
"%s ", backends[i]->name);
"%s ", backends[i]);
i++;
}
sz += scnprintf(buf + sz, PAGE_SIZE - sz, "\n");
......@@ -105,17 +102,38 @@ void zcomp_stream_put(struct zcomp *comp)
put_cpu_ptr(comp->stream);
}
int zcomp_compress(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
const unsigned char *src, size_t *dst_len)
int zcomp_compress(struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
const void *src, unsigned int *dst_len)
{
return comp->backend->compress(src, zstrm->buffer, dst_len,
zstrm->private);
/*
* Our dst memory (zstrm->buffer) is always `2 * PAGE_SIZE' sized
* because sometimes we can endup having a bigger compressed data
* due to various reasons: for example compression algorithms tend
* to add some padding to the compressed buffer. Speaking of padding,
* comp algorithm `842' pads the compressed length to multiple of 8
* and returns -ENOSP when the dst memory is not big enough, which
* is not something that ZRAM wants to see. We can handle the
* `compressed_size > PAGE_SIZE' case easily in ZRAM, but when we
* receive -ERRNO from the compressing backend we can't help it
* anymore. To make `842' happy we need to tell the exact size of
* the dst buffer, zram_drv will take care of the fact that
* compressed buffer is too big.
*/
*dst_len = PAGE_SIZE * 2;
return crypto_comp_compress(zstrm->tfm,
src, PAGE_SIZE,
zstrm->buffer, dst_len);
}
int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp *comp, const unsigned char *src,
size_t src_len, unsigned char *dst)
int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
const void *src, unsigned int src_len, void *dst)
{
return comp->backend->decompress(src, src_len, dst);
unsigned int dst_len = PAGE_SIZE;
return crypto_comp_decompress(zstrm->tfm,
src, src_len,
dst, &dst_len);
}
static int __zcomp_cpu_notifier(struct zcomp *comp,
......@@ -138,7 +156,7 @@ static int __zcomp_cpu_notifier(struct zcomp *comp,
case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
zstrm = *per_cpu_ptr(comp->stream, cpu);
if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(zstrm))
zcomp_strm_free(comp, zstrm);
zcomp_strm_free(zstrm);
*per_cpu_ptr(comp->stream, cpu) = NULL;
break;
default:
......@@ -209,7 +227,7 @@ void zcomp_destroy(struct zcomp *comp)
struct zcomp *zcomp_create(const char *compress)
{
struct zcomp *comp;
struct zcomp_backend *backend;
const char *backend;
int error;
backend = find_backend(compress);
......@@ -220,7 +238,7 @@ struct zcomp *zcomp_create(const char *compress)
if (!comp)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
comp->backend = backend;
comp->name = backend;
error = zcomp_init(comp);
if (error) {
kfree(comp);
......
......@@ -13,12 +13,7 @@
struct zcomp_strm {
/* compression/decompression buffer */
void *buffer;
/*
* The private data of the compression stream, only compression
* stream backend can touch this (e.g. compression algorithm
* working memory)
*/
void *private;
struct crypto_comp *tfm;
};
/* static compression backend */
......@@ -40,6 +35,8 @@ struct zcomp {
struct zcomp_strm * __percpu *stream;
struct zcomp_backend *backend;
struct notifier_block notifier;
const char *name;
};
ssize_t zcomp_available_show(const char *comp, char *buf);
......@@ -51,11 +48,11 @@ void zcomp_destroy(struct zcomp *comp);
struct zcomp_strm *zcomp_stream_get(struct zcomp *comp);
void zcomp_stream_put(struct zcomp *comp);
int zcomp_compress(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
const unsigned char *src, size_t *dst_len);
int zcomp_compress(struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
const void *src, unsigned int *dst_len);
int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp *comp, const unsigned char *src,
size_t src_len, unsigned char *dst);
int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
const void *src, unsigned int src_len, void *dst);
bool zcomp_set_max_streams(struct zcomp *comp, int num_strm);
#endif /* _ZCOMP_H_ */
......@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ static int zram_decompress_page(struct zram *zram, char *mem, u32 index)
unsigned char *cmem;
struct zram_meta *meta = zram->meta;
unsigned long handle;
size_t size;
unsigned int size;
bit_spin_lock(ZRAM_ACCESS, &meta->table[index].value);
handle = meta->table[index].handle;
......@@ -576,10 +576,14 @@ static int zram_decompress_page(struct zram *zram, char *mem, u32 index)
}
cmem = zs_map_object(meta->mem_pool, handle, ZS_MM_RO);
if (size == PAGE_SIZE)
if (size == PAGE_SIZE) {
copy_page(mem, cmem);
else
ret = zcomp_decompress(zram->comp, cmem, size, mem);
} else {
struct zcomp_strm *zstrm = zcomp_stream_get(zram->comp);
ret = zcomp_decompress(zstrm, cmem, size, mem);
zcomp_stream_put(zram->comp);
}
zs_unmap_object(meta->mem_pool, handle);
bit_spin_unlock(ZRAM_ACCESS, &meta->table[index].value);
......@@ -646,7 +650,7 @@ static int zram_bvec_write(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec, u32 index,
int offset)
{
int ret = 0;
size_t clen;
unsigned int clen;
unsigned long handle = 0;
struct page *page;
unsigned char *user_mem, *cmem, *src, *uncmem = NULL;
......@@ -696,7 +700,7 @@ static int zram_bvec_write(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec, u32 index,
}
zstrm = zcomp_stream_get(zram->comp);
ret = zcomp_compress(zram->comp, zstrm, uncmem, &clen);
ret = zcomp_compress(zstrm, uncmem, &clen);
if (!is_partial_io(bvec)) {
kunmap_atomic(user_mem);
user_mem = NULL;
......@@ -744,7 +748,7 @@ static int zram_bvec_write(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec, u32 index,
if (handle)
goto compress_again;
pr_err("Error allocating memory for compressed page: %u, size=%zu\n",
pr_err("Error allocating memory for compressed page: %u, size=%u\n",
index, clen);
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
......
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