Merge branch 'bpf_get_stack'

Yonghong Song says:

====================
Currently, stackmap and bpf_get_stackid helper are provided
for bpf program to get the stack trace. This approach has
a limitation though. If two stack traces have the same hash,
only one will get stored in the stackmap table regardless of
whether BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID is specified or not,
so some stack traces may be missing from user perspective.

This patch implements a new helper, bpf_get_stack, will
send stack traces directly to bpf program. The bpf program
is able to see all stack traces, and then can do in-kernel
processing or send stack traces to user space through
shared map or bpf_perf_event_output.

Patches #1 and #2 implemented the core kernel support.
Patch #3 removes two never-hit branches in verifier.
Patches #4 and #5 are two verifier improves to make
bpf programming easier. Patch #6 synced the new helper
to tools headers. Patch #7 moved perf_event polling code
and ksym lookup code from samples/bpf to
tools/testing/selftests/bpf. Patch #8 added a verifier
test in tools/bpf for new verifier change.
Patches #9 and #10 added tests for raw tracepoint prog
and tracepoint prog respectively.

Changelogs:
  v8 -> v9:
    . make function perf_event_mmap (in trace_helpers.c) extern
      to decouple perf_event_mmap and perf_event_poller.
    . add jit enabled handling for kernel stack verification
      in Patch #9. Since we did not have a good way to
      verify jit enabled kernel stack, just return true if
      the kernel stack is not empty.
    . In path #9, using raw_syscalls/sys_enter instead of
      sched/sched_switch, removed calling cmd
      "task 1 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null" which is left
      with dangling process after the program exited.
  v7 -> v8:
    . rebase on top of latest bpf-next
    . simplify BPF_ARSH dst_reg->smin_val/smax_value tracking
    . rewrite the description of bpf_get_stack() in uapi bpf.h
      based on new format.
  v6 -> v7:
    . do perf callchain buffer allocation inside the
      verifier. so if the prog->has_callchain_buf is set,
      it is guaranteed that the buffer has been allocated.
    . change condition "trace_nr <= skip" to "trace_nr < skip"
      so that for zero size buffer, return 0 instead of -EFAULT
  v5 -> v6:
    . after refining return register smax_value and umax_value
      for helpers bpf_get_stack and bpf_probe_read_str,
      bounds and var_off of the return register are further refined.
    . added missing commit message for tools header sync commit.
    . removed one unnecessary empty line.
  v4 -> v5:
    . relied on dst_reg->var_off to refine umin_val/umax_val
      in verifier handling BPF_ARSH value range tracking,
      suggested by Edward.
  v3 -> v4:
    . fixed a bug when meta ptr is set to NULL in check_func_arg.
    . introduced tnum_arshift and added detailed comments for
      the underlying implementation
    . avoided using VLA in tools/bpf test_progs.
  v2 -> v3:
    . used meta to track helper memory size argument
    . implemented range checking for ARSH in verifier
    . moved perf event polling and ksym related functions
      from samples/bpf to tools/bpf
    . added test to compare build id's between bpf_get_stackid
      and bpf_get_stack
  v1 -> v2:
    . fixed compilation error when CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS is not enabled
====================
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

include/linux/bpf.h

@@ -692,6 +692,7 @@ extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_current_comm_proto;
 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_push_proto;
 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_skb_vlan_pop_proto;
 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto;
+extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stack_proto;
 extern const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_sock_map_update_proto;
 
 /* Shared helpers among cBPF and eBPF. */

include/linux/filter.h

@@ -468,7 +468,8 @@ struct bpf_prog {
 				dst_needed:1,	/* Do we need dst entry? */
 				blinded:1,	/* Was blinded */
 				is_func:1,	/* program is a bpf function */
-				kprobe_override:1; /* Do we override a kprobe? */
+				kprobe_override:1, /* Do we override a kprobe? */
+				has_callchain_buf:1; /* callchain buffer allocated? */
 	enum bpf_prog_type	type;		/* Type of BPF program */
 	enum bpf_attach_type	expected_attach_type; /* For some prog types */
 	u32			len;		/* Number of filter blocks */

include/linux/tnum.h

@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@ struct tnum tnum_range(u64 min, u64 max);
 /* Arithmetic and logical ops */
 /* Shift a tnum left (by a fixed shift) */
 struct tnum tnum_lshift(struct tnum a, u8 shift);
-/* Shift a tnum right (by a fixed shift) */
+/* Shift (rsh) a tnum right (by a fixed shift) */
 struct tnum tnum_rshift(struct tnum a, u8 shift);
+/* Shift (arsh) a tnum right (by a fixed min_shift) */
+struct tnum tnum_arshift(struct tnum a, u8 min_shift);
 /* Add two tnums, return @a + @b */
 struct tnum tnum_add(struct tnum a, struct tnum b);
 /* Subtract two tnums, return @a - @b */

include/uapi/linux/bpf.h

@@ -1767,6 +1767,40 @@ union bpf_attr {
  * 		**CONFIG_XFRM** configuration option.
  * 	Return
  * 		0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ *
+ * int bpf_get_stack(struct pt_regs *regs, void *buf, u32 size, u64 flags)
+ * 	Description
+ *		Return a user or a kernel stack in bpf program provided buffer.
+ *		To achieve this, the helper needs *ctx*, which is a pointer
+ *		to the context on which the tracing program is executed.
+ *		To store the stacktrace, the bpf program provides *buf* with
+ *		a nonnegative *size*.
+ *
+ *		The last argument, *flags*, holds the number of stack frames to
+ *		skip (from 0 to 255), masked with
+ *		**BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK**. The next bits can be used to set
+ *		the following flags:
+ *
+ *		**BPF_F_USER_STACK**
+ *			Collect a user space stack instead of a kernel stack.
+ *		**BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID**
+ *			Collect buildid+offset instead of ips for user stack,
+ *			only valid if **BPF_F_USER_STACK** is also specified.
+ *
+ *		**bpf_get_stack**\ () can collect up to
+ *		**PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH** both kernel and user frames, subject
+ *		to sufficient large buffer size. Note that
+ *		this limit can be controlled with the **sysctl** program, and
+ *		that it should be manually increased in order to profile long
+ *		user stacks (such as stacks for Java programs). To do so, use:
+ *
+ *	::
+ *
+ *		# sysctl kernel.perf_event_max_stack=<new value>
+ *
+ * 	Return
+ * 		a non-negative value equal to or less than size on success, or
+ * 		a negative error in case of failure.
  */
 #define __BPF_FUNC_MAPPER(FN)		\
 	FN(unspec),			\
@@ -1835,7 +1869,8 @@ union bpf_attr {
 	FN(msg_pull_data),		\
 	FN(bind),			\
 	FN(xdp_adjust_tail),		\
-	FN(skb_get_xfrm_state),
+	FN(skb_get_xfrm_state),		\
+	FN(get_stack),
 
 /* integer value in 'imm' field of BPF_CALL instruction selects which helper
  * function eBPF program intends to call
@@ -1869,11 +1904,14 @@ enum bpf_func_id {
 /* BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key and BPF_FUNC_skb_get_tunnel_key flags. */
 #define BPF_F_TUNINFO_IPV6		(1ULL << 0)
 
-/* BPF_FUNC_get_stackid flags. */
+/* flags for both BPF_FUNC_get_stackid and BPF_FUNC_get_stack. */
 #define BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK		0xffULL
 #define BPF_F_USER_STACK		(1ULL << 8)
+/* flags used by BPF_FUNC_get_stackid only. */
 #define BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP		(1ULL << 9)
 #define BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID		(1ULL << 10)
+/* flags used by BPF_FUNC_get_stack only. */
+#define BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID		(1ULL << 11)
 
 /* BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key flags. */
 #define BPF_F_ZERO_CSUM_TX		(1ULL << 1)

kernel/bpf/core.c

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <linux/rbtree_latch.h>
 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
+#include <linux/perf_event.h>
 
 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
 
@@ -1722,6 +1723,10 @@ static void bpf_prog_free_deferred(struct work_struct *work)
 	aux = container_of(work, struct bpf_prog_aux, work);
 	if (bpf_prog_is_dev_bound(aux))
 		bpf_prog_offload_destroy(aux->prog);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
+	if (aux->prog->has_callchain_buf)
+		put_callchain_buffers();
+#endif
 	for (i = 0; i < aux->func_cnt; i++)
 		bpf_jit_free(aux->func[i]);
 	if (aux->func_cnt) {

kernel/bpf/stackmap.c

@@ -262,16 +262,11 @@ static int stack_map_get_build_id(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void stack_map_get_build_id_offset(struct bpf_map *map,
-					  struct stack_map_bucket *bucket,
+static void stack_map_get_build_id_offset(struct bpf_stack_build_id *id_offs,
 					  u64 *ips, u32 trace_nr, bool user)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
-	struct bpf_stack_build_id *id_offs;
-
-	bucket->nr = trace_nr;
-	id_offs = (struct bpf_stack_build_id *)bucket->data;
 
 	/*
 	 * We cannot do up_read() in nmi context, so build_id lookup is
@@ -361,8 +356,10 @@ BPF_CALL_3(bpf_get_stackid, struct pt_regs *, regs, struct bpf_map *, map,
 			pcpu_freelist_pop(&smap->freelist);
 		if (unlikely(!new_bucket))
 			return -ENOMEM;
-		stack_map_get_build_id_offset(map, new_bucket, ips,
-					      trace_nr, user);
+		new_bucket->nr = trace_nr;
+		stack_map_get_build_id_offset(
+			(struct bpf_stack_build_id *)new_bucket->data,
+			ips, trace_nr, user);
 		trace_len = trace_nr * sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id);
 		if (hash_matches && bucket->nr == trace_nr &&
 		    memcmp(bucket->data, new_bucket->data, trace_len) == 0) {
@@ -405,6 +402,73 @@ const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto = {
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
 
+BPF_CALL_4(bpf_get_stack, struct pt_regs *, regs, void *, buf, u32, size,
+	   u64, flags)
+{
+	u32 init_nr, trace_nr, copy_len, elem_size, num_elem;
+	bool user_build_id = flags & BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID;
+	u32 skip = flags & BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK;
+	bool user = flags & BPF_F_USER_STACK;
+	struct perf_callchain_entry *trace;
+	bool kernel = !user;
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+	u64 *ips;
+
+	if (unlikely(flags & ~(BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK | BPF_F_USER_STACK |
+			       BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID)))
+		goto clear;
+	if (kernel && user_build_id)
+		goto clear;
+
+	elem_size = (user && user_build_id) ? sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id)
+					    : sizeof(u64);
+	if (unlikely(size % elem_size))
+		goto clear;
+
+	num_elem = size / elem_size;
+	if (sysctl_perf_event_max_stack < num_elem)
+		init_nr = 0;
+	else
+		init_nr = sysctl_perf_event_max_stack - num_elem;
+	trace = get_perf_callchain(regs, init_nr, kernel, user,
+				   sysctl_perf_event_max_stack, false, false);
+	if (unlikely(!trace))
+		goto err_fault;
+
+	trace_nr = trace->nr - init_nr;
+	if (trace_nr < skip)
+		goto err_fault;
+
+	trace_nr -= skip;
+	trace_nr = (trace_nr <= num_elem) ? trace_nr : num_elem;
+	copy_len = trace_nr * elem_size;
+	ips = trace->ip + skip + init_nr;
+	if (user && user_build_id)
+		stack_map_get_build_id_offset(buf, ips, trace_nr, user);
+	else
+		memcpy(buf, ips, copy_len);
+
+	if (size > copy_len)
+		memset(buf + copy_len, 0, size - copy_len);
+	return copy_len;
+
+err_fault:
+	err = -EFAULT;
+clear:
+	memset(buf, 0, size);
+	return err;
+}
+
+const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stack_proto = {
+	.func		= bpf_get_stack,
+	.gpl_only	= true,
+	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
+	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
+};
+
 /* Called from eBPF program */
 static void *stack_map_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *key)
 {

kernel/bpf/tnum.c

@@ -43,6 +43,16 @@ struct tnum tnum_rshift(struct tnum a, u8 shift)
 	return TNUM(a.value >> shift, a.mask >> shift);
 }
 
+struct tnum tnum_arshift(struct tnum a, u8 min_shift)
+{
+	/* if a.value is negative, arithmetic shifting by minimum shift
+	 * will have larger negative offset compared to more shifting.
+	 * If a.value is nonnegative, arithmetic shifting by minimum shift
+	 * will have larger positive offset compare to more shifting.
+	 */
+	return TNUM((s64)a.value >> min_shift, (s64)a.mask >> min_shift);
+}
+
 struct tnum tnum_add(struct tnum a, struct tnum b)
 {
 	u64 sm, sv, sigma, chi, mu;

kernel/bpf/verifier.c

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <linux/stringify.h>
 #include <linux/bsearch.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
+#include <linux/perf_event.h>
 
 #include "disasm.h"
 
@@ -164,6 +165,8 @@ struct bpf_call_arg_meta {
 	bool pkt_access;
 	int regno;
 	int access_size;
+	s64 msize_smax_value;
+	u64 msize_umax_value;
 };
 
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(bpf_verifier_lock);
@@ -1984,6 +1987,12 @@ static int check_func_arg(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 regno,
 	} else if (arg_type_is_mem_size(arg_type)) {
 		bool zero_size_allowed = (arg_type == ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO);
 
+		/* remember the mem_size which may be used later
+		 * to refine return values.
+		 */
+		meta->msize_smax_value = reg->smax_value;
+		meta->msize_umax_value = reg->umax_value;
+
 		/* The register is SCALAR_VALUE; the access check
 		 * happens using its boundaries.
 		 */
@@ -2323,6 +2332,23 @@ static int prepare_func_exit(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int *insn_idx)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void do_refine_retval_range(struct bpf_reg_state *regs, int ret_type,
+				   int func_id,
+				   struct bpf_call_arg_meta *meta)
+{
+	struct bpf_reg_state *ret_reg = &regs[BPF_REG_0];
+
+	if (ret_type != RET_INTEGER ||
+	    (func_id != BPF_FUNC_get_stack &&
+	     func_id != BPF_FUNC_probe_read_str))
+		return;
+
+	ret_reg->smax_value = meta->msize_smax_value;
+	ret_reg->umax_value = meta->msize_umax_value;
+	__reg_deduce_bounds(ret_reg);
+	__reg_bound_offset(ret_reg);
+}
+
 static int check_helper_call(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int func_id, int insn_idx)
 {
 	const struct bpf_func_proto *fn = NULL;
@@ -2446,10 +2472,30 @@ static int check_helper_call(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, int func_id, int insn
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
+	do_refine_retval_range(regs, fn->ret_type, func_id, &meta);
+
 	err = check_map_func_compatibility(env, meta.map_ptr, func_id);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
+	if (func_id == BPF_FUNC_get_stack && !env->prog->has_callchain_buf) {
+		const char *err_str;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
+		err = get_callchain_buffers(sysctl_perf_event_max_stack);
+		err_str = "cannot get callchain buffer for func %s#%d\n";
+#else
+		err = -ENOTSUPP;
+		err_str = "func %s#%d not supported without CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS\n";
+#endif
+		if (err) {
+			verbose(env, err_str, func_id_name(func_id), func_id);
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		env->prog->has_callchain_buf = true;
+	}
+
 	if (changes_data)
 		clear_all_pkt_pointers(env);
 	return 0;
@@ -2894,10 +2940,7 @@ static int adjust_scalar_min_max_vals(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 			dst_reg->umin_value <<= umin_val;
 			dst_reg->umax_value <<= umax_val;
 		}
-		if (src_known)
-			dst_reg->var_off = tnum_lshift(dst_reg->var_off, umin_val);
-		else
-			dst_reg->var_off = tnum_lshift(tnum_unknown, umin_val);
+		dst_reg->var_off = tnum_lshift(dst_reg->var_off, umin_val);
 		/* We may learn something more from the var_off */
 		__update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
 		break;
@@ -2925,16 +2968,35 @@ static int adjust_scalar_min_max_vals(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 		 */
 		dst_reg->smin_value = S64_MIN;
 		dst_reg->smax_value = S64_MAX;
-		if (src_known)
-			dst_reg->var_off = tnum_rshift(dst_reg->var_off,
-						       umin_val);
-		else
-			dst_reg->var_off = tnum_rshift(tnum_unknown, umin_val);
+		dst_reg->var_off = tnum_rshift(dst_reg->var_off, umin_val);
 		dst_reg->umin_value >>= umax_val;
 		dst_reg->umax_value >>= umin_val;
 		/* We may learn something more from the var_off */
 		__update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
 		break;
+	case BPF_ARSH:
+		if (umax_val >= insn_bitness) {
+			/* Shifts greater than 31 or 63 are undefined.
+			 * This includes shifts by a negative number.
+			 */
+			mark_reg_unknown(env, regs, insn->dst_reg);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Upon reaching here, src_known is true and
+		 * umax_val is equal to umin_val.
+		 */
+		dst_reg->smin_value >>= umin_val;
+		dst_reg->smax_value >>= umin_val;
+		dst_reg->var_off = tnum_arshift(dst_reg->var_off, umin_val);
+
+		/* blow away the dst_reg umin_value/umax_value and rely on
+		 * dst_reg var_off to refine the result.
+		 */
+		dst_reg->umin_value = 0;
+		dst_reg->umax_value = U64_MAX;
+		__update_reg_bounds(dst_reg);
+		break;
 	default:
 		mark_reg_unknown(env, regs, insn->dst_reg);
 		break;

kernel/trace/bpf_trace.c

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include "trace.h"
 
 u64 bpf_get_stackid(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
+u64 bpf_get_stack(u64 r1, u64 r2, u64 r3, u64 r4, u64 r5);
 
 /**
  * trace_call_bpf - invoke BPF program
@@ -577,6 +578,8 @@ kprobe_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 		return &bpf_perf_event_output_proto;
 	case BPF_FUNC_get_stackid:
 		return &bpf_get_stackid_proto;
+	case BPF_FUNC_get_stack:
+		return &bpf_get_stack_proto;
 	case BPF_FUNC_perf_event_read_value:
 		return &bpf_perf_event_read_value_proto;
 #ifdef CONFIG_BPF_KPROBE_OVERRIDE
@@ -664,6 +667,25 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto_tp = {
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
 
+BPF_CALL_4(bpf_get_stack_tp, void *, tp_buff, void *, buf, u32, size,
+	   u64, flags)
+{
+	struct pt_regs *regs = *(struct pt_regs **)tp_buff;
+
+	return bpf_get_stack((unsigned long) regs, (unsigned long) buf,
+			     (unsigned long) size, flags, 0);
+}
+
+static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stack_proto_tp = {
+	.func		= bpf_get_stack_tp,
+	.gpl_only	= true,
+	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
+	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
+};
+
 static const struct bpf_func_proto *
 tp_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 {
@@ -672,6 +694,8 @@ tp_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 		return &bpf_perf_event_output_proto_tp;
 	case BPF_FUNC_get_stackid:
 		return &bpf_get_stackid_proto_tp;
+	case BPF_FUNC_get_stack:
+		return &bpf_get_stack_proto_tp;
 	default:
 		return tracing_func_proto(func_id, prog);
 	}
@@ -734,6 +758,8 @@ pe_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 		return &bpf_perf_event_output_proto_tp;
 	case BPF_FUNC_get_stackid:
 		return &bpf_get_stackid_proto_tp;
+	case BPF_FUNC_get_stack:
+		return &bpf_get_stack_proto_tp;
 	case BPF_FUNC_perf_prog_read_value:
 		return &bpf_perf_prog_read_value_proto;
 	default:
@@ -744,7 +770,7 @@ pe_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 /*
  * bpf_raw_tp_regs are separate from bpf_pt_regs used from skb/xdp
  * to avoid potential recursive reuse issue when/if tracepoints are added
- * inside bpf_*_event_output and/or bpf_get_stack_id
+ * inside bpf_*_event_output, bpf_get_stackid and/or bpf_get_stack
  */
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct pt_regs, bpf_raw_tp_regs);
 BPF_CALL_5(bpf_perf_event_output_raw_tp, struct bpf_raw_tracepoint_args *, args,
@@ -787,6 +813,26 @@ static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stackid_proto_raw_tp = {
 	.arg3_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
 };
 
+BPF_CALL_4(bpf_get_stack_raw_tp, struct bpf_raw_tracepoint_args *, args,
+	   void *, buf, u32, size, u64, flags)
+{
+	struct pt_regs *regs = this_cpu_ptr(&bpf_raw_tp_regs);
+
+	perf_fetch_caller_regs(regs);
+	return bpf_get_stack((unsigned long) regs, (unsigned long) buf,
+			     (unsigned long) size, flags, 0);
+}
+
+static const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_get_stack_proto_raw_tp = {
+	.func		= bpf_get_stack_raw_tp,
+	.gpl_only	= true,
+	.ret_type	= RET_INTEGER,
+	.arg1_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_CTX,
+	.arg2_type	= ARG_PTR_TO_MEM,
+	.arg3_type	= ARG_CONST_SIZE_OR_ZERO,
+	.arg4_type	= ARG_ANYTHING,
+};
+
 static const struct bpf_func_proto *
 raw_tp_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 {
@@ -795,6 +841,8 @@ raw_tp_prog_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
 		return &bpf_perf_event_output_proto_raw_tp;
 	case BPF_FUNC_get_stackid:
 		return &bpf_get_stackid_proto_raw_tp;
+	case BPF_FUNC_get_stack:
+		return &bpf_get_stack_proto_raw_tp;
 	default:
 		return tracing_func_proto(func_id, prog);
 	}

samples/bpf/Makefile

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ hostprogs-y += xdp_adjust_tail
 # Libbpf dependencies
 LIBBPF := ../../tools/lib/bpf/bpf.o ../../tools/lib/bpf/nlattr.o
 CGROUP_HELPERS := ../../tools/testing/selftests/bpf/cgroup_helpers.o
+TRACE_HELPERS := ../../tools/testing/selftests/bpf/trace_helpers.o
 
 test_lru_dist-objs := test_lru_dist.o $(LIBBPF)
 sock_example-objs := sock_example.o $(LIBBPF)
@@ -65,10 +66,10 @@ tracex6-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) tracex6_user.o
 tracex7-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) tracex7_user.o
 load_sock_ops-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) load_sock_ops.o
 test_probe_write_user-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) test_probe_write_user_user.o
-trace_output-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) trace_output_user.o
+trace_output-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) trace_output_user.o $(TRACE_HELPERS)
 lathist-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) lathist_user.o
-offwaketime-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) offwaketime_user.o
-spintest-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) spintest_user.o
+offwaketime-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) offwaketime_user.o $(TRACE_HELPERS)
+spintest-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) spintest_user.o $(TRACE_HELPERS)
 map_perf_test-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) map_perf_test_user.o
 test_overhead-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) test_overhead_user.o
 test_cgrp2_array_pin-objs := $(LIBBPF) test_cgrp2_array_pin.o
@@ -82,8 +83,8 @@ xdp2-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) xdp1_user.o
 xdp_router_ipv4-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) xdp_router_ipv4_user.o
 test_current_task_under_cgroup-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) $(CGROUP_HELPERS) \
 				       test_current_task_under_cgroup_user.o
-trace_event-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) trace_event_user.o
-sampleip-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) sampleip_user.o
+trace_event-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) trace_event_user.o $(TRACE_HELPERS)
+sampleip-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) sampleip_user.o $(TRACE_HELPERS)
 tc_l2_redirect-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) tc_l2_redirect_user.o
 lwt_len_hist-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) lwt_len_hist_user.o
 xdp_tx_iptunnel-objs := bpf_load.o $(LIBBPF) xdp_tx_iptunnel_user.o

samples/bpf/bpf_load.c

@@ -648,66 +648,3 @@ void read_trace_pipe(void)
 		}
 	}
 }
-
-#define MAX_SYMS 300000
-static struct ksym syms[MAX_SYMS];
-static int sym_cnt;
-
-static int ksym_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
-{
-	return ((struct ksym *)p1)->addr - ((struct ksym *)p2)->addr;
-}
-
-int load_kallsyms(void)
-{
-	FILE *f = fopen("/proc/kallsyms", "r");
-	char func[256], buf[256];
-	char symbol;
-	void *addr;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	if (!f)
-		return -ENOENT;
-
-	while (!feof(f)) {
-		if (!fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f))
-			break;
-		if (sscanf(buf, "%p %c %s", &addr, &symbol, func) != 3)
-			break;
-		if (!addr)
-			continue;
-		syms[i].addr = (long) addr;
-		syms[i].name = strdup(func);
-		i++;
-	}
-	sym_cnt = i;
-	qsort(syms, sym_cnt, sizeof(struct ksym), ksym_cmp);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-struct ksym *ksym_search(long key)
-{
-	int start = 0, end = sym_cnt;
-	int result;
-
-	while (start < end) {
-		size_t mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
-
-		result = key - syms[mid].addr;
-		if (result < 0)
-			end = mid;
-		else if (result > 0)
-			start = mid + 1;
-		else
-			return &syms[mid];
-	}
-
-	if (start >= 1 && syms[start - 1].addr < key &&
-	    key < syms[start].addr)
-		/* valid ksym */
-		return &syms[start - 1];
-
-	/* out of range. return _stext */
-	return &syms[0];
-}
-

samples/bpf/bpf_load.h

@@ -54,12 +54,5 @@ int load_bpf_file(char *path);
 int load_bpf_file_fixup_map(const char *path, fixup_map_cb fixup_map);
 
 void read_trace_pipe(void);
-struct ksym {
-	long addr;
-	char *name;
-};
-
-int load_kallsyms(void);
-struct ksym *ksym_search(long key);
 int bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(int ifindex, int fd, __u32 flags);
 #endif

samples/bpf/offwaketime_user.c

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "bpf_load.h"
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
 
 #define PRINT_RAW_ADDR 0
 

samples/bpf/sampleip_user.c

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "bpf_load.h"
 #include "perf-sys.h"
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
 
 #define DEFAULT_FREQ	99
 #define DEFAULT_SECS	5

samples/bpf/spintest_user.c

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "bpf_load.h"
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
 
 int main(int ac, char **argv)
 {

samples/bpf/trace_event_user.c

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "bpf_load.h"
 #include "perf-sys.h"
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
 
 #define SAMPLE_FREQ 50
 

samples/bpf/trace_output_user.c

@@ -21,100 +21,10 @@
 #include "libbpf.h"
 #include "bpf_load.h"
 #include "perf-sys.h"
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
 
 static int pmu_fd;
 
-int page_size;
-int page_cnt = 8;
-volatile struct perf_event_mmap_page *header;
-
-typedef void (*print_fn)(void *data, int size);
-
-static int perf_event_mmap(int fd)
-{
-	void *base;
-	int mmap_size;
-
-	page_size = getpagesize();
-	mmap_size = page_size * (page_cnt + 1);
-
-	base = mmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
-	if (base == MAP_FAILED) {
-		printf("mmap err\n");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	header = base;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int perf_event_poll(int fd)
-{
-	struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = fd, .events = POLLIN };
-
-	return poll(&pfd, 1, 1000);
-}
-
-struct perf_event_sample {
-	struct perf_event_header header;
-	__u32 size;
-	char data[];
-};
-
-static void perf_event_read(print_fn fn)
-{
-	__u64 data_tail = header->data_tail;
-	__u64 data_head = header->data_head;
-	__u64 buffer_size = page_cnt * page_size;
-	void *base, *begin, *end;
-	char buf[256];
-
-	asm volatile("" ::: "memory"); /* in real code it should be smp_rmb() */
-	if (data_head == data_tail)
-		return;
-
-	base = ((char *)header) + page_size;
-
-	begin = base + data_tail % buffer_size;
-	end = base + data_head % buffer_size;
-
-	while (begin != end) {
-		struct perf_event_sample *e;
-
-		e = begin;
-		if (begin + e->header.size > base + buffer_size) {
-			long len = base + buffer_size - begin;
-
-			assert(len < e->header.size);
-			memcpy(buf, begin, len);
-			memcpy(buf + len, base, e->header.size - len);
-			e = (void *) buf;
-			begin = base + e->header.size - len;
-		} else if (begin + e->header.size == base + buffer_size) {
-			begin = base;
-		} else {
-			begin += e->header.size;
-		}
-
-		if (e->header.type == PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE) {
-			fn(e->data, e->size);
-		} else if (e->header.type == PERF_RECORD_LOST) {
-			struct {
-				struct perf_event_header header;
-				__u64 id;
-				__u64 lost;
-			} *lost = (void *) e;
-			printf("lost %lld events\n", lost->lost);
-		} else {
-			printf("unknown event type=%d size=%d\n",
-			       e->header.type, e->header.size);
-		}
-	}
-
-	__sync_synchronize(); /* smp_mb() */
-	header->data_tail = data_head;
-}
-
 static __u64 time_get_ns(void)
 {
 	struct timespec ts;
@@ -127,7 +37,7 @@ static __u64 start_time;
 
 #define MAX_CNT 100000ll
 
-static void print_bpf_output(void *data, int size)
+static int print_bpf_output(void *data, int size)
 {
 	static __u64 cnt;
 	struct {
@@ -138,7 +48,7 @@ static void print_bpf_output(void *data, int size)
 	if (e->cookie != 0x12345678) {
 		printf("BUG pid %llx cookie %llx sized %d\n",
 		       e->pid, e->cookie, size);
-		kill(0, SIGINT);
+		return PERF_EVENT_ERROR;
 	}
 
 	cnt++;
@@ -146,8 +56,10 @@ static void print_bpf_output(void *data, int size)
 	if (cnt == MAX_CNT) {
 		printf("recv %lld events per sec\n",
 		       MAX_CNT * 1000000000ll / (time_get_ns() - start_time));
-		kill(0, SIGINT);
+		return PERF_EVENT_DONE;
 	}
+
+	return PERF_EVENT_CONT;
 }
 
 static void test_bpf_perf_event(void)
@@ -170,6 +82,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	char filename[256];
 	FILE *f;
+	int ret;
 
 	snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s_kern.o", argv[0]);
 
@@ -187,10 +100,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	(void) f;
 
 	start_time = time_get_ns();
-	for (;;) {
-		perf_event_poll(pmu_fd);
-		perf_event_read(print_bpf_output);
-	}
-
-	return 0;
+	ret = perf_event_poller(pmu_fd, print_bpf_output);
+	kill(0, SIGINT);
+	return ret;
 }

tools/include/uapi/linux/bpf.h

@@ -1767,6 +1767,40 @@ union bpf_attr {
  * 		**CONFIG_XFRM** configuration option.
  * 	Return
  * 		0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ *
+ * int bpf_get_stack(struct pt_regs *regs, void *buf, u32 size, u64 flags)
+ * 	Description
+ *		Return a user or a kernel stack in bpf program provided buffer.
+ *		To achieve this, the helper needs *ctx*, which is a pointer
+ *		to the context on which the tracing program is executed.
+ *		To store the stacktrace, the bpf program provides *buf* with
+ *		a nonnegative *size*.
+ *
+ *		The last argument, *flags*, holds the number of stack frames to
+ *		skip (from 0 to 255), masked with
+ *		**BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK**. The next bits can be used to set
+ *		the following flags:
+ *
+ *		**BPF_F_USER_STACK**
+ *			Collect a user space stack instead of a kernel stack.
+ *		**BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID**
+ *			Collect buildid+offset instead of ips for user stack,
+ *			only valid if **BPF_F_USER_STACK** is also specified.
+ *
+ *		**bpf_get_stack**\ () can collect up to
+ *		**PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH** both kernel and user frames, subject
+ *		to sufficient large buffer size. Note that
+ *		this limit can be controlled with the **sysctl** program, and
+ *		that it should be manually increased in order to profile long
+ *		user stacks (such as stacks for Java programs). To do so, use:
+ *
+ *	::
+ *
+ *		# sysctl kernel.perf_event_max_stack=<new value>
+ *
+ * 	Return
+ * 		a non-negative value equal to or less than size on success, or
+ * 		a negative error in case of failure.
  */
 #define __BPF_FUNC_MAPPER(FN)		\
 	FN(unspec),			\
@@ -1835,7 +1869,8 @@ union bpf_attr {
 	FN(msg_pull_data),		\
 	FN(bind),			\
 	FN(xdp_adjust_tail),		\
-	FN(skb_get_xfrm_state),
+	FN(skb_get_xfrm_state),		\
+	FN(get_stack),
 
 /* integer value in 'imm' field of BPF_CALL instruction selects which helper
  * function eBPF program intends to call
@@ -1869,11 +1904,14 @@ enum bpf_func_id {
 /* BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key and BPF_FUNC_skb_get_tunnel_key flags. */
 #define BPF_F_TUNINFO_IPV6		(1ULL << 0)
 
-/* BPF_FUNC_get_stackid flags. */
+/* flags for both BPF_FUNC_get_stackid and BPF_FUNC_get_stack. */
 #define BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK		0xffULL
 #define BPF_F_USER_STACK		(1ULL << 8)
+/* flags used by BPF_FUNC_get_stackid only. */
 #define BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP		(1ULL << 9)
 #define BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID		(1ULL << 10)
+/* flags used by BPF_FUNC_get_stack only. */
+#define BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID		(1ULL << 11)
 
 /* BPF_FUNC_skb_set_tunnel_key flags. */
 #define BPF_F_ZERO_CSUM_TX		(1ULL << 1)

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ TEST_GEN_FILES = test_pkt_access.o test_xdp.o test_l4lb.o test_tcp_estats.o test
 	test_l4lb_noinline.o test_xdp_noinline.o test_stacktrace_map.o \
 	sample_map_ret0.o test_tcpbpf_kern.o test_stacktrace_build_id.o \
 	sockmap_tcp_msg_prog.o connect4_prog.o connect6_prog.o test_adjust_tail.o \
-	test_btf_haskv.o test_btf_nokv.o test_sockmap_kern.o test_tunnel_kern.o
+	test_btf_haskv.o test_btf_nokv.o test_sockmap_kern.o test_tunnel_kern.o \
+	test_get_stack_rawtp.o
 
 # Order correspond to 'make run_tests' order
 TEST_PROGS := test_kmod.sh \
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ $(OUTPUT)/test_dev_cgroup: cgroup_helpers.c
 $(OUTPUT)/test_sock: cgroup_helpers.c
 $(OUTPUT)/test_sock_addr: cgroup_helpers.c
 $(OUTPUT)/test_sockmap: cgroup_helpers.c
+$(OUTPUT)/test_progs: trace_helpers.c
 
 .PHONY: force
 

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bpf_helpers.h

@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ static int (*bpf_xdp_adjust_tail)(void *ctx, int offset) =
 static int (*bpf_skb_get_xfrm_state)(void *ctx, int index, void *state,
 				     int size, int flags) =
 	(void *) BPF_FUNC_skb_get_xfrm_state;
+static int (*bpf_get_stack)(void *ctx, void *buf, int size, int flags) =
+	(void *) BPF_FUNC_get_stack;
 
 /* llvm builtin functions that eBPF C program may use to
  * emit BPF_LD_ABS and BPF_LD_IND instructions

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_get_stack_rawtp.c

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include "bpf_helpers.h"
+
+/* Permit pretty deep stack traces */
+#define MAX_STACK_RAWTP 100
+struct stack_trace_t {
+	int pid;
+	int kern_stack_size;
+	int user_stack_size;
+	int user_stack_buildid_size;
+	__u64 kern_stack[MAX_STACK_RAWTP];
+	__u64 user_stack[MAX_STACK_RAWTP];
+	struct bpf_stack_build_id user_stack_buildid[MAX_STACK_RAWTP];
+};
+
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") perfmap = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY,
+	.key_size = sizeof(int),
+	.value_size = sizeof(__u32),
+	.max_entries = 2,
+};
+
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stackdata_map = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
+	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
+	.value_size = sizeof(struct stack_trace_t),
+	.max_entries = 1,
+};
+
+/* Allocate per-cpu space twice the needed. For the code below
+ *   usize = bpf_get_stack(ctx, raw_data, max_len, BPF_F_USER_STACK);
+ *   if (usize < 0)
+ *     return 0;
+ *   ksize = bpf_get_stack(ctx, raw_data + usize, max_len - usize, 0);
+ *
+ * If we have value_size = MAX_STACK_RAWTP * sizeof(__u64),
+ * verifier will complain that access "raw_data + usize"
+ * with size "max_len - usize" may be out of bound.
+ * The maximum "raw_data + usize" is "raw_data + max_len"
+ * and the maximum "max_len - usize" is "max_len", verifier
+ * concludes that the maximum buffer access range is
+ * "raw_data[0...max_len * 2 - 1]" and hence reject the program.
+ *
+ * Doubling the to-be-used max buffer size can fix this verifier
+ * issue and avoid complicated C programming massaging.
+ * This is an acceptable workaround since there is one entry here.
+ */
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rawdata_map = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
+	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
+	.value_size = MAX_STACK_RAWTP * sizeof(__u64) * 2,
+	.max_entries = 1,
+};
+
+SEC("tracepoint/raw_syscalls/sys_enter")
+int bpf_prog1(void *ctx)
+{
+	int max_len, max_buildid_len, usize, ksize, total_size;
+	struct stack_trace_t *data;
+	void *raw_data;
+	__u32 key = 0;
+
+	data = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&stackdata_map, &key);
+	if (!data)
+		return 0;
+
+	max_len = MAX_STACK_RAWTP * sizeof(__u64);
+	max_buildid_len = MAX_STACK_RAWTP * sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id);
+	data->pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
+	data->kern_stack_size = bpf_get_stack(ctx, data->kern_stack,
+					      max_len, 0);
+	data->user_stack_size = bpf_get_stack(ctx, data->user_stack, max_len,
+					    BPF_F_USER_STACK);
+	data->user_stack_buildid_size = bpf_get_stack(
+		ctx, data->user_stack_buildid, max_buildid_len,
+		BPF_F_USER_STACK | BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID);
+	bpf_perf_event_output(ctx, &perfmap, 0, data, sizeof(*data));
+
+	/* write both kernel and user stacks to the same buffer */
+	raw_data = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&rawdata_map, &key);
+	if (!raw_data)
+		return 0;
+
+	usize = bpf_get_stack(ctx, raw_data, max_len, BPF_F_USER_STACK);
+	if (usize < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	ksize = bpf_get_stack(ctx, raw_data + usize, max_len - usize, 0);
+	if (ksize < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	total_size = usize + ksize;
+	if (total_size > 0 && total_size <= max_len)
+		bpf_perf_event_output(ctx, &perfmap, 0, raw_data, total_size);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+__u32 _version SEC("version") = 1; /* ignored by tracepoints, required by libbpf.a */

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_progs.c

@@ -38,8 +38,10 @@ typedef __u16 __sum16;
 #include "bpf_util.h"
 #include "bpf_endian.h"
 #include "bpf_rlimit.h"
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
 
 static int error_cnt, pass_cnt;
+static bool jit_enabled;
 
 #define MAGIC_BYTES 123
 
@@ -391,13 +393,30 @@ static inline __u64 ptr_to_u64(const void *ptr)
 	return (__u64) (unsigned long) ptr;
 }
 
+static bool is_jit_enabled(void)
+{
+	const char *jit_sysctl = "/proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable";
+	bool enabled = false;
+	int sysctl_fd;
+
+	sysctl_fd = open(jit_sysctl, 0, O_RDONLY);
+	if (sysctl_fd != -1) {
+		char tmpc;
+
+		if (read(sysctl_fd, &tmpc, sizeof(tmpc)) == 1)
+			enabled = (tmpc != '0');
+		close(sysctl_fd);
+	}
+
+	return enabled;
+}
+
 static void test_bpf_obj_id(void)
 {
 	const __u64 array_magic_value = 0xfaceb00c;
 	const __u32 array_key = 0;
 	const int nr_iters = 2;
 	const char *file = "./test_obj_id.o";
-	const char *jit_sysctl = "/proc/sys/net/core/bpf_jit_enable";
 	const char *expected_prog_name = "test_obj_id";
 	const char *expected_map_name = "test_map_id";
 	const __u64 nsec_per_sec = 1000000000;
@@ -414,20 +433,11 @@ static void test_bpf_obj_id(void)
 	char jited_insns[128], xlated_insns[128], zeros[128];
 	__u32 i, next_id, info_len, nr_id_found, duration = 0;
 	struct timespec real_time_ts, boot_time_ts;
-	int sysctl_fd, jit_enabled = 0, err = 0;
+	int err = 0;
 	__u64 array_value;
 	uid_t my_uid = getuid();
 	time_t now, load_time;
 
-	sysctl_fd = open(jit_sysctl, 0, O_RDONLY);
-	if (sysctl_fd != -1) {
-		char tmpc;
-
-		if (read(sysctl_fd, &tmpc, sizeof(tmpc)) == 1)
-			jit_enabled = (tmpc != '0');
-		close(sysctl_fd);
-	}
-
 	err = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(0);
 	CHECK(err >= 0 || errno != ENOENT,
 	      "get-fd-by-notexist-prog-id", "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno);
@@ -896,11 +906,47 @@ static int compare_map_keys(int map1_fd, int map2_fd)
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int compare_stack_ips(int smap_fd, int amap_fd, int stack_trace_len)
+{
+	__u32 key, next_key, *cur_key_p, *next_key_p;
+	char *val_buf1, *val_buf2;
+	int i, err = 0;
+
+	val_buf1 = malloc(stack_trace_len);
+	val_buf2 = malloc(stack_trace_len);
+	cur_key_p = NULL;
+	next_key_p = &key;
+	while (bpf_map_get_next_key(smap_fd, cur_key_p, next_key_p) == 0) {
+		err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(smap_fd, next_key_p, val_buf1);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(amap_fd, next_key_p, val_buf2);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		for (i = 0; i < stack_trace_len; i++) {
+			if (val_buf1[i] != val_buf2[i]) {
+				err = -1;
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+		key = *next_key_p;
+		cur_key_p = &key;
+		next_key_p = &next_key;
+	}
+	if (errno != ENOENT)
+		err = -1;
+
+out:
+	free(val_buf1);
+	free(val_buf2);
+	return err;
+}
+
 static void test_stacktrace_map()
 {
-	int control_map_fd, stackid_hmap_fd, stackmap_fd;
+	int control_map_fd, stackid_hmap_fd, stackmap_fd, stack_amap_fd;
 	const char *file = "./test_stacktrace_map.o";
-	int bytes, efd, err, pmu_fd, prog_fd;
+	int bytes, efd, err, pmu_fd, prog_fd, stack_trace_len;
 	struct perf_event_attr attr = {};
 	__u32 key, val, duration = 0;
 	struct bpf_object *obj;
@@ -956,6 +1002,10 @@ static void test_stacktrace_map()
 	if (stackmap_fd < 0)
 		goto disable_pmu;
 
+	stack_amap_fd = bpf_find_map(__func__, obj, "stack_amap");
+	if (stack_amap_fd < 0)
+		goto disable_pmu;
+
 	/* give some time for bpf program run */
 	sleep(1);
 
@@ -977,6 +1027,12 @@ static void test_stacktrace_map()
 		  "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
 		goto disable_pmu_noerr;
 
+	stack_trace_len = PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH * sizeof(__u64);
+	err = compare_stack_ips(stackmap_fd, stack_amap_fd, stack_trace_len);
+	if (CHECK(err, "compare_stack_ips stackmap vs. stack_amap",
+		  "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
+		goto disable_pmu_noerr;
+
 	goto disable_pmu_noerr;
 disable_pmu:
 	error_cnt++;
@@ -1070,9 +1126,9 @@ static int extract_build_id(char *build_id, size_t size)
 
 static void test_stacktrace_build_id(void)
 {
-	int control_map_fd, stackid_hmap_fd, stackmap_fd;
+	int control_map_fd, stackid_hmap_fd, stackmap_fd, stack_amap_fd;
 	const char *file = "./test_stacktrace_build_id.o";
-	int bytes, efd, err, pmu_fd, prog_fd;
+	int bytes, efd, err, pmu_fd, prog_fd, stack_trace_len;
 	struct perf_event_attr attr = {};
 	__u32 key, previous_key, val, duration = 0;
 	struct bpf_object *obj;
@@ -1137,6 +1193,11 @@ static void test_stacktrace_build_id(void)
 		  err, errno))
 		goto disable_pmu;
 
+	stack_amap_fd = bpf_find_map(__func__, obj, "stack_amap");
+	if (CHECK(stack_amap_fd < 0, "bpf_find_map stack_amap",
+		  "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
+		goto disable_pmu;
+
 	assert(system("dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/zero count=4 2> /dev/null")
 	       == 0);
 	assert(system("./urandom_read if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/zero count=4 2> /dev/null") == 0);
@@ -1188,8 +1249,15 @@ static void test_stacktrace_build_id(void)
 		previous_key = key;
 	} while (bpf_map_get_next_key(stackmap_fd, &previous_key, &key) == 0);
 
-	CHECK(build_id_matches < 1, "build id match",
-	      "Didn't find expected build ID from the map");
+	if (CHECK(build_id_matches < 1, "build id match",
+		  "Didn't find expected build ID from the map"))
+		goto disable_pmu;
+
+	stack_trace_len = PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH
+		* sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id);
+	err = compare_stack_ips(stackmap_fd, stack_amap_fd, stack_trace_len);
+	CHECK(err, "compare_stack_ips stackmap vs. stack_amap",
+	      "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno);
 
 disable_pmu:
 	ioctl(pmu_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_DISABLE);
@@ -1204,8 +1272,147 @@ static void test_stacktrace_build_id(void)
 	return;
 }
 
+#define MAX_CNT_RAWTP	10ull
+#define MAX_STACK_RAWTP	100
+struct get_stack_trace_t {
+	int pid;
+	int kern_stack_size;
+	int user_stack_size;
+	int user_stack_buildid_size;
+	__u64 kern_stack[MAX_STACK_RAWTP];
+	__u64 user_stack[MAX_STACK_RAWTP];
+	struct bpf_stack_build_id user_stack_buildid[MAX_STACK_RAWTP];
+};
+
+static int get_stack_print_output(void *data, int size)
+{
+	bool good_kern_stack = false, good_user_stack = false;
+	const char *nonjit_func = "___bpf_prog_run";
+	struct get_stack_trace_t *e = data;
+	int i, num_stack;
+	static __u64 cnt;
+	struct ksym *ks;
+
+	cnt++;
+
+	if (size < sizeof(struct get_stack_trace_t)) {
+		__u64 *raw_data = data;
+		bool found = false;
+
+		num_stack = size / sizeof(__u64);
+		/* If jit is enabled, we do not have a good way to
+		 * verify the sanity of the kernel stack. So we
+		 * just assume it is good if the stack is not empty.
+		 * This could be improved in the future.
+		 */
+		if (jit_enabled) {
+			found = num_stack > 0;
+		} else {
+			for (i = 0; i < num_stack; i++) {
+				ks = ksym_search(raw_data[i]);
+				if (strcmp(ks->name, nonjit_func) == 0) {
+					found = true;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (found) {
+			good_kern_stack = true;
+			good_user_stack = true;
+		}
+	} else {
+		num_stack = e->kern_stack_size / sizeof(__u64);
+		if (jit_enabled) {
+			good_kern_stack = num_stack > 0;
+		} else {
+			for (i = 0; i < num_stack; i++) {
+				ks = ksym_search(e->kern_stack[i]);
+				if (strcmp(ks->name, nonjit_func) == 0) {
+					good_kern_stack = true;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if (e->user_stack_size > 0 && e->user_stack_buildid_size > 0)
+			good_user_stack = true;
+	}
+	if (!good_kern_stack || !good_user_stack)
+		return PERF_EVENT_ERROR;
+
+	if (cnt == MAX_CNT_RAWTP)
+		return PERF_EVENT_DONE;
+
+	return PERF_EVENT_CONT;
+}
+
+static void test_get_stack_raw_tp(void)
+{
+	const char *file = "./test_get_stack_rawtp.o";
+	int i, efd, err, prog_fd, pmu_fd, perfmap_fd;
+	struct perf_event_attr attr = {};
+	struct timespec tv = {0, 10};
+	__u32 key = 0, duration = 0;
+	struct bpf_object *obj;
+
+	err = bpf_prog_load(file, BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT, &obj, &prog_fd);
+	if (CHECK(err, "prog_load raw tp", "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
+		return;
+
+	efd = bpf_raw_tracepoint_open("sys_enter", prog_fd);
+	if (CHECK(efd < 0, "raw_tp_open", "err %d errno %d\n", efd, errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	perfmap_fd = bpf_find_map(__func__, obj, "perfmap");
+	if (CHECK(perfmap_fd < 0, "bpf_find_map", "err %d errno %d\n",
+		  perfmap_fd, errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	err = load_kallsyms();
+	if (CHECK(err < 0, "load_kallsyms", "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	attr.sample_type = PERF_SAMPLE_RAW;
+	attr.type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE;
+	attr.config = PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT;
+	pmu_fd = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, &attr, getpid()/*pid*/, -1/*cpu*/,
+			 -1/*group_fd*/, 0);
+	if (CHECK(pmu_fd < 0, "perf_event_open", "err %d errno %d\n", pmu_fd,
+		  errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	err = bpf_map_update_elem(perfmap_fd, &key, &pmu_fd, BPF_ANY);
+	if (CHECK(err < 0, "bpf_map_update_elem", "err %d errno %d\n", err,
+		  errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	err = ioctl(pmu_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0);
+	if (CHECK(err < 0, "ioctl PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE", "err %d errno %d\n",
+		  err, errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	err = perf_event_mmap(pmu_fd);
+	if (CHECK(err < 0, "perf_event_mmap", "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	/* trigger some syscall action */
+	for (i = 0; i < MAX_CNT_RAWTP; i++)
+		nanosleep(&tv, NULL);
+
+	err = perf_event_poller(pmu_fd, get_stack_print_output);
+	if (CHECK(err < 0, "perf_event_poller", "err %d errno %d\n", err, errno))
+		goto close_prog;
+
+	goto close_prog_noerr;
+close_prog:
+	error_cnt++;
+close_prog_noerr:
+	bpf_object__close(obj);
+}
+
 int main(void)
 {
+	jit_enabled = is_jit_enabled();
+
 	test_pkt_access();
 	test_xdp();
 	test_xdp_adjust_tail();
@@ -1219,6 +1426,7 @@ int main(void)
 	test_stacktrace_map();
 	test_stacktrace_build_id();
 	test_stacktrace_map_raw_tp();
+	test_get_stack_raw_tp();
 
 	printf("Summary: %d PASSED, %d FAILED\n", pass_cnt, error_cnt);
 	return error_cnt ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_stacktrace_build_id.c

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stackid_hmap = {
 	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
 	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
 	.value_size = sizeof(__u32),
-	.max_entries = 10000,
+	.max_entries = 16384,
 };
 
 struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stackmap = {
@@ -31,6 +31,14 @@ struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stackmap = {
 	.map_flags = BPF_F_STACK_BUILD_ID,
 };
 
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stack_amap = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
+	.value_size = sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id)
+		* PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH,
+	.max_entries = 128,
+};
+
 /* taken from /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/random/urandom_read/format */
 struct random_urandom_args {
 	unsigned long long pad;
@@ -42,7 +50,10 @@ struct random_urandom_args {
 SEC("tracepoint/random/urandom_read")
 int oncpu(struct random_urandom_args *args)
 {
+	__u32 max_len = sizeof(struct bpf_stack_build_id)
+			* PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH;
 	__u32 key = 0, val = 0, *value_p;
+	void *stack_p;
 
 	value_p = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&control_map, &key);
 	if (value_p && *value_p)
@@ -50,8 +61,13 @@ int oncpu(struct random_urandom_args *args)
 
 	/* The size of stackmap and stackid_hmap should be the same */
 	key = bpf_get_stackid(args, &stackmap, BPF_F_USER_STACK);
-	if ((int)key >= 0)
+	if ((int)key >= 0) {
 		bpf_map_update_elem(&stackid_hmap, &key, &val, 0);
+		stack_p = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&stack_amap, &key);
+		if (stack_p)
+			bpf_get_stack(args, stack_p, max_len,
+				      BPF_F_USER_STACK | BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID);
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_stacktrace_map.c

@@ -19,14 +19,21 @@ struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stackid_hmap = {
 	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
 	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
 	.value_size = sizeof(__u32),
-	.max_entries = 10000,
+	.max_entries = 16384,
 };
 
 struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stackmap = {
 	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE,
 	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
 	.value_size = sizeof(__u64) * PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH,
-	.max_entries = 10000,
+	.max_entries = 16384,
+};
+
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stack_amap = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
+	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
+	.value_size = sizeof(__u64) * PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH,
+	.max_entries = 16384,
 };
 
 /* taken from /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/sched/sched_switch/format */
@@ -44,7 +51,9 @@ struct sched_switch_args {
 SEC("tracepoint/sched/sched_switch")
 int oncpu(struct sched_switch_args *ctx)
 {
+	__u32 max_len = PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH * sizeof(__u64);
 	__u32 key = 0, val = 0, *value_p;
+	void *stack_p;
 
 	value_p = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&control_map, &key);
 	if (value_p && *value_p)
@@ -52,8 +61,12 @@ int oncpu(struct sched_switch_args *ctx)
 
 	/* The size of stackmap and stackid_hmap should be the same */
 	key = bpf_get_stackid(ctx, &stackmap, 0);
-	if ((int)key >= 0)
+	if ((int)key >= 0) {
 		bpf_map_update_elem(&stackid_hmap, &key, &val, 0);
+		stack_p = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&stack_amap, &key);
+		if (stack_p)
+			bpf_get_stack(ctx, stack_p, max_len, 0);
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier.c

@@ -11680,6 +11680,51 @@ static struct bpf_test tests[] = {
 		.errstr = "BPF_XADD stores into R2 packet",
 		.prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP,
 	},
+	{
+		"bpf_get_stack return R0 within range",
+		.insns = {
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1),
+			BPF_ST_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_10, -8, 0),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_10),
+			BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, -8),
+			BPF_LD_MAP_FD(BPF_REG_1, 0),
+			BPF_RAW_INSN(BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL, 0, 0, 0,
+				     BPF_FUNC_map_lookup_elem),
+			BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, 0, 28),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_7, BPF_REG_0),
+			BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_9, sizeof(struct test_val)),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_6),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_7),
+			BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_3, sizeof(struct test_val)),
+			BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_4, 256),
+			BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_get_stack),
+			BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 0),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_8, BPF_REG_0),
+			BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_LSH, BPF_REG_8, 32),
+			BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ARSH, BPF_REG_8, 32),
+			BPF_JMP_REG(BPF_JSLT, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_8, 16),
+			BPF_ALU64_REG(BPF_SUB, BPF_REG_9, BPF_REG_8),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_7),
+			BPF_ALU64_REG(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_2, BPF_REG_8),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_9),
+			BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_LSH, BPF_REG_1, 32),
+			BPF_ALU64_IMM(BPF_ARSH, BPF_REG_1, 32),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_2),
+			BPF_ALU64_REG(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_1),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_7),
+			BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_5, sizeof(struct test_val)),
+			BPF_ALU64_REG(BPF_ADD, BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_5),
+			BPF_JMP_REG(BPF_JGE, BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_1, 4),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_1, BPF_REG_6),
+			BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_3, BPF_REG_9),
+			BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_4, 0),
+			BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_get_stack),
+			BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+		},
+		.fixup_map2 = { 4 },
+		.result = ACCEPT,
+		.prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT,
+	},
 };
 
 static int probe_filter_length(const struct bpf_insn *fp)

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/trace_helpers.c

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <linux/perf_event.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include "trace_helpers.h"
+
+#define MAX_SYMS 300000
+static struct ksym syms[MAX_SYMS];
+static int sym_cnt;
+
+static int ksym_cmp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+	return ((struct ksym *)p1)->addr - ((struct ksym *)p2)->addr;
+}
+
+int load_kallsyms(void)
+{
+	FILE *f = fopen("/proc/kallsyms", "r");
+	char func[256], buf[256];
+	char symbol;
+	void *addr;
+	int i = 0;
+
+	if (!f)
+		return -ENOENT;
+
+	while (!feof(f)) {
+		if (!fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f))
+			break;
+		if (sscanf(buf, "%p %c %s", &addr, &symbol, func) != 3)
+			break;
+		if (!addr)
+			continue;
+		syms[i].addr = (long) addr;
+		syms[i].name = strdup(func);
+		i++;
+	}
+	sym_cnt = i;
+	qsort(syms, sym_cnt, sizeof(struct ksym), ksym_cmp);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ksym *ksym_search(long key)
+{
+	int start = 0, end = sym_cnt;
+	int result;
+
+	while (start < end) {
+		size_t mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
+
+		result = key - syms[mid].addr;
+		if (result < 0)
+			end = mid;
+		else if (result > 0)
+			start = mid + 1;
+		else
+			return &syms[mid];
+	}
+
+	if (start >= 1 && syms[start - 1].addr < key &&
+	    key < syms[start].addr)
+		/* valid ksym */
+		return &syms[start - 1];
+
+	/* out of range. return _stext */
+	return &syms[0];
+}
+
+static int page_size;
+static int page_cnt = 8;
+static volatile struct perf_event_mmap_page *header;
+
+int perf_event_mmap(int fd)
+{
+	void *base;
+	int mmap_size;
+
+	page_size = getpagesize();
+	mmap_size = page_size * (page_cnt + 1);
+
+	base = mmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
+	if (base == MAP_FAILED) {
+		printf("mmap err\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	header = base;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int perf_event_poll(int fd)
+{
+	struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = fd, .events = POLLIN };
+
+	return poll(&pfd, 1, 1000);
+}
+
+struct perf_event_sample {
+	struct perf_event_header header;
+	__u32 size;
+	char data[];
+};
+
+static int perf_event_read(perf_event_print_fn fn)
+{
+	__u64 data_tail = header->data_tail;
+	__u64 data_head = header->data_head;
+	__u64 buffer_size = page_cnt * page_size;
+	void *base, *begin, *end;
+	char buf[256];
+	int ret;
+
+	asm volatile("" ::: "memory"); /* in real code it should be smp_rmb() */
+	if (data_head == data_tail)
+		return PERF_EVENT_CONT;
+
+	base = ((char *)header) + page_size;
+
+	begin = base + data_tail % buffer_size;
+	end = base + data_head % buffer_size;
+
+	while (begin != end) {
+		struct perf_event_sample *e;
+
+		e = begin;
+		if (begin + e->header.size > base + buffer_size) {
+			long len = base + buffer_size - begin;
+
+			assert(len < e->header.size);
+			memcpy(buf, begin, len);
+			memcpy(buf + len, base, e->header.size - len);
+			e = (void *) buf;
+			begin = base + e->header.size - len;
+		} else if (begin + e->header.size == base + buffer_size) {
+			begin = base;
+		} else {
+			begin += e->header.size;
+		}
+
+		if (e->header.type == PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE) {
+			ret = fn(e->data, e->size);
+			if (ret != PERF_EVENT_CONT)
+				return ret;
+		} else if (e->header.type == PERF_RECORD_LOST) {
+			struct {
+				struct perf_event_header header;
+				__u64 id;
+				__u64 lost;
+			} *lost = (void *) e;
+			printf("lost %lld events\n", lost->lost);
+		} else {
+			printf("unknown event type=%d size=%d\n",
+			       e->header.type, e->header.size);
+		}
+	}
+
+	__sync_synchronize(); /* smp_mb() */
+	header->data_tail = data_head;
+	return PERF_EVENT_CONT;
+}
+
+int perf_event_poller(int fd, perf_event_print_fn output_fn)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		perf_event_poll(fd);
+		ret = perf_event_read(output_fn);
+		if (ret != PERF_EVENT_CONT)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	return PERF_EVENT_DONE;
+}

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/trace_helpers.h

+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef __TRACE_HELPER_H
+#define __TRACE_HELPER_H
+
+struct ksym {
+	long addr;
+	char *name;
+};
+
+int load_kallsyms(void);
+struct ksym *ksym_search(long key);
+
+typedef int (*perf_event_print_fn)(void *data, int size);
+
+/* return code for perf_event_print_fn */
+#define PERF_EVENT_DONE		0
+#define PERF_EVENT_ERROR	-1
+#define PERF_EVENT_CONT		-2
+
+int perf_event_mmap(int fd);
+/* return PERF_EVENT_DONE or PERF_EVENT_ERROR */
+int perf_event_poller(int fd, perf_event_print_fn output_fn);
+#endif