Impact: help to find the better depth of trace

We decided to arbitrary define the depth of function return trace as
"20". Perhaps this is not enough. To help finding an optimal depth, we
measure now the overrun: the number of functions that have been missed
for the current thread. By default this is not displayed, we have to
do set a particular flag on the return tracer: echo overrun >
/debug/tracing/trace_options And the overrun will be printed on the
right.

As the trace shows below, the current 20 depth is not enough.

update_wall_time+0x37f/0x8c0 -> update_xtime_cache (345 ns) (Overruns: 2838)
update_wall_time+0x384/0x8c0 -> clocksource_get_next (1141 ns) (Overruns: 2838)
do_timer+0x23/0x100 -> update_wall_time (3882 ns) (Overruns: 2838)
tick_do_update_jiffies64+0xbf/0x160 -> do_timer (5339 ns) (Overruns: 2838)
tick_sched_timer+0x6a/0xf0 -> tick_do_update_jiffies64 (7209 ns) (Overruns: 2838)
vgacon_set_cursor_size+0x98/0x120 -> native_io_delay (2613 ns) (Overruns: 274)
vgacon_cursor+0x16e/0x1d0 -> vgacon_set_cursor_size (33151 ns) (Overruns: 274)
set_cursor+0x5f/0x80 -> vgacon_cursor (36432 ns) (Overruns: 274)
con_flush_chars+0x34/0x40 -> set_cursor (38790 ns) (Overruns: 274)
release_console_sem+0x1ec/0x230 -> up (721 ns) (Overruns: 274)
release_console_sem+0x225/0x230 -> wake_up_klogd (316 ns) (Overruns: 274)
con_flush_chars+0x39/0x40 -> release_console_sem (2996 ns) (Overruns: 274)
con_write+0x22/0x30 -> con_flush_chars (46067 ns) (Overruns: 274)
n_tty_write+0x1cc/0x360 -> con_write (292670 ns) (Overruns: 274)
smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x2a/0x90 -> native_apic_mem_write (330 ns) (Overruns: 274)
irq_enter+0x17/0x70 -> idle_cpu (413 ns) (Overruns: 274)
smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x2f/0x90 -> irq_enter (1525 ns) (Overruns: 274)
ktime_get_ts+0x40/0x70 -> getnstimeofday (465 ns) (Overruns: 274)
ktime_get_ts+0x60/0x70 -> set_normalized_timespec (436 ns) (Overruns: 274)
ktime_get+0x16/0x30 -> ktime_get_ts (2501 ns) (Overruns: 274)
hrtimer_interrupt+0x77/0x1a0 -> ktime_get (3439 ns) (Overruns: 274)
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: give an example on how to use specific tracer flags

This patch propose to use the nop tracer to provide an
example for using the tracer's custom flags implementation.

V2: replace structures and defines just after the headers includes for
    cleanliness.
V3: replace defines by enum values.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Steven Noonan <steven@uplinklabs.net>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: give a way to send specific messages to tracers

The current implementation of tracing uses some flags to control the
output of general tracers. But we have no way to implement custom
flags handling for a specific tracer. This patch proposes a new
callback for the struct tracer which called set_flag and a structure
that represents a 32 bits variable flag.

A tracer can implement a struct tracer_flags on which it puts the
initial value of the flag integer. Than it can place a range of flags
with their name and their flag mask on the flag integer. The structure
that implement a single flag is called struct tracer_opt.

These custom flags will be available through the trace_options file
like the general tracing flags. Changing their value is done like the
other general flags. For example if you have a flag that calls "foo",
you can activate it by writing "foo" or "nofoo" on trace_options.

Note that the set_flag callback is optional and is only needed if you
want the flags changing to be signaled to your tracer and let it to
accept or refuse their assignment.

V2: Some arrangements in coding style....
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix section mismatch warning in kernel/profile.c

Here, profile_nop function has been called from a non-init function
create_hash_tables(void). Which generetes a section mismatch warning.
Previously, create_hash_tables(void) was a init function. So, removing
__init from create_hash_tables(void) requires profile_nop to be
non-init.

This patch makes profile_nop function inline and fixes the
following warning:

 WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x6ebb6): Section mismatch in reference from
 the function create_hash_tables() to the function
 .init.text:profile_nop()
 The function create_hash_tables() references
 the function __init profile_nop().
 This is often because create_hash_tables lacks a __init
 annotation or the annotation of profile_nop is wrong.
Signed-off-by: Rakib Mullick <rakib.mullick@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix trace_options behavior

writing to trace/trace_options use the index of the array
to find the value of the flag. With branch tracer flag
defined conditionally, this breaks writing to trace_options
with branch tracer disabled.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Merge branches 'tracing/branch-tracer', 'tracing/ftrace', 'tracing/function-return-tracer', 'tracing/tracepoints' and 'tracing/urgent' into tracing/core

fix:

 kernel/marker.c: In function 'marker_module_notify':
 kernel/marker.c:905: error: 'MODULE_STATE_COMING' undeclared (first use in this function)
 [...]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: documentation update

Properly format Documentation/tracepoints.txt - it was full of
overlong lines and other typographical problems.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: documentation update.
Signed-off-by: Zhaolei <zhaolei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: documentation update

Need a tracepoint_synchronize_unregister() before the end of exit()
to make sure every probe callers have exited the non preemptible
section and thus are not executing the probe code anymore.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: API *CHANGE*. Must update all tracepoint users.

Add DEFINE_TRACE() to tracepoints to let them declare the tracepoint
structure in a single spot for all the kernel. It helps reducing memory
consumption, especially when declaring a lot of tracepoints, e.g. for
kmalloc tracing.

*API CHANGE WARNING*: now, DECLARE_TRACE() must be used in headers for
tracepoint declarations rather than DEFINE_TRACE(). This is the sane way
to do it. The name previously used was misleading.

Updates scheduler instrumentation to follow this API change.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup

Use module notifiers for tracepoint updates rather than adding a hook in
module.c.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup

That's overkill, takes space. We have a global tracepoint registery in
header files anyway.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: bugfix.

Unregistering a tracepoint can fail. Return the error value.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Make sure tracepoints can be called within ftrace callbacks.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix race

Set the probe array pointer to NULL when the tracepoint is disabled.
The probe array point not being NULL could generate a race condition
where the reader would dereference a freed pointer.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix a bug in sample tracepoints

Need a tracepoint_synchronize_unregister() before the end of exit() to
make sure every probe callers have exited the non preemptible section
and thus are not executing the probe code anymore.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: new API.

Allow markers to be used only for declaration, without function call
associated. Useful to create specialized probes.

The problem we had is that two function calls were required when one
wanted to put a marker in a tracepoint probe. Now the marker can be used
simply for trace data type declaration, leaving the trace write work
within the tracepoint probe without any additional function call.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: new API

Add a new API trace_mark_tp(), which declares a marker within a
tracepoint probe. When the marker is activated, the tracepoint is
automatically enabled.

No branch test is used at the marker site, because it would be a
duplicate of the branch already present in the tracepoint.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: cleanup

Use module notifiers instead of adding a hook in module.c.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Make marker critical code use notrace to make sure they can be used as an
ftrace callback.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: build fix (for future changes)

That seemed to cause built issue when marker.h is included early, even
though stdargs.h is included in kernel.h.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix marker registers/unregister race

get_marker() can return a NULL entry because the mutex is released in
the middle of those functions. Make sure we check to see if it has been
concurrently removed.
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: new API, useful for tracepoints and markers.

Add _notrace version to rcu_read_*_sched().
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca>
Reviewed-by: Paul E McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: make output of available_filter_functions complete

phenomenon:

The first value of dyn_ftrace_total_info is not equal with
`cat available_filter_functions | wc -l`, but they should be equal.

root cause:

When printing functions with seq_printf in t_show, if the read buffer
is just overflowed by current function record, then this function
won't be printed to user space through read buffer, it will
just be dropped. So we can't see this function printing.

So, every time the last function to fill the read buffer, if overflowed,
will be dropped.

This also applies to set_ftrace_filter if set_ftrace_filter has
more bytes than read buffer.

fix:

Through checking return value of seq_printf, if less than 0, we know
this function doesn't be printed. Then we decrease position to force
this function to be printed next time, in next read buffer.

Another little fix is to show correct allocating pages count.
Signed-off-by: walimis <walimisdev@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

This patch adds the support for dynamic tracing on the function return tracer.
The whole difference with normal dynamic function tracing is that we don't need
to hook on a particular callback. The only pro that we want is to nop or set
dynamically the calls to ftrace_caller (which is ftrace_return_caller here).

Some security checks ensure that we are not trying to launch dynamic tracing for
return tracing while normal function tracing is already running.

An example of trace with getnstimeofday set as a filter:

ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (2283 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1396 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1382 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1825 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1426 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1464 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1524 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1382 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1382 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1434 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1464 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1502 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1404 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1397 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1051 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1314 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1344 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1163 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1390 ns)
ktime_get_ts+0x22/0x50 -> getnstimeofday (1374 ns)
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix possible race condition in ftrace function return tracer

This fixes a possible race condition if index incrementation
is not immediately flushed in memory.

Thanks for Andi Kleen and Steven Rostedt for pointing out this issue
and give me this solution.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix crash when enabling the branch-tracer

When the branch tracer inserts an event through
probe_likely_condition(), it calls local_irq_save() and then results
in a trace recursion.

local_irq_save() -> trace_hardirqs_off() -> trace_hardirqs_off_caller()
	-> unlikely()

The trace_branch.c file is protected by DISABLE_BRANCH_PROFILING but
that doesn't prevent from external call to functions that use
unlikely().

My box crashed each time I tried to set this tracer (sudden and hard
reboot).
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: extend the ->init() method with the ability to fail

This bring a way to know if the initialization of a tracer successed.
A tracer must return 0 on success and a traditional error (ie:
-ENOMEM) if it fails.

If a tracer fails to init, it is free to print a detailed warn. The
tracing api will not and switch to a new tracer will just return the
error from the init callback.

Note: this will be used for the return tracer.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix confusing write() -EINVAL when changing the tracer

The following commit d9e54076 remade
alive the bug which made the set of a new tracer returning -EINVAL if
this is the longest name of tracer. This patch corrects it.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: set filtered functions at time the filter is set

It can be confusing when the set_filter_functions is set (or cleared)
and the functions being recorded by the dynamic tracer does not
match.

This patch causes the code to be updated if the function tracer is
enabled and the filter is changed.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: correct implementation of dyn ftrace filter

The old decisions made by the filter algorithm was complex and incorrect.
This lead to inconsistent enabling or disabling of functions when
the filter was used.

This patch simplifies that code and in doing so, corrects the usage
of the filters.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: make ftrace_convert_nops() more permissive

Due to the way different architecture linkers combine the data sections
of the mcount_loc (the section that lists all the locations that
call mcount), there may be zeros added in that section. This is usually
due to strange alignments that the linker performs, that pads in zeros.

This patch makes the conversion code to nops skip any pointer in
the mcount_loc section that is NULL.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: allow archs more flexibility on dynamic ftrace implementations

Dynamic ftrace has largly been developed on x86. Since x86 does not
have the same limitations as other architectures, the ftrace interaction
between the generic code and the architecture specific code was not
flexible enough to handle some of the issues that other architectures
have.

Most notably, module trampolines. Due to the limited branch distance
that archs make in calling kernel core code from modules, the module
load code must create a trampoline to jump to what will make the
larger jump into core kernel code.

The problem arises when this happens to a call to mcount. Ftrace checks
all code before modifying it and makes sure the current code is what
it expects. Right now, there is not enough information to handle modifying
module trampolines.

This patch changes the API between generic dynamic ftrace code and
the arch dependent code. There is now two functions for modifying code:

  ftrace_make_nop(mod, rec, addr) - convert the code at rec->ip into
       a nop, where the original text is calling addr. (mod is the
       module struct if called by module init)

  ftrace_make_caller(rec, addr) - convert the code rec->ip that should
       be a nop into a caller to addr.

The record "rec" now has a new field called "arch" where the architecture
can add any special attributes to each call site record.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: fix lockdep disabling itself when function tracing is enabled

The raw_local_irq_saves used in ftrace is causing problems with
lockdep. (it thinks the irq flags are out of sync and disables
itself with a warning)

The raw ops here are not needed, and the normal local_irq_save is fine.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: keep from converting freed records

When the tracer is started or stopped, it converts all code pointed
to by the saved records into callers to ftrace or nops. When modules
are unloaded, their records are freed, but they still exist within
the record pages.

This patch changes the code to skip over freed records.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: robust feature to disable ftrace on start or stop tracing on error

Currently only the initial conversion to nops will disable ftrace
on an anomaly. But if an anomaly happens on start or stopping of the
tracer, it will silently fail.

This patch adds a check there too, to disable ftrace and warn if the
conversion fails.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>

Impact: let module functions be recorded when dyn ftrace not enabled

When dynamic ftrace had a daemon and a hash to record the locations
of mcount callers at run time, the recording needed to stop when
ftrace was disabled. But now that the recording is done at compile time
and the ftrace_record_ip is only called at boot up and when a module
is loaded, we no longer need to check if ftrace_enabled is set.
In fact, this breaks module load if it is not set because we skip
over module functions.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>