This change has the following effects, in order of descreasing importance:

1) Prevent a stack buffer overflow

2) Do not append an unnecessary NULL to an anyway binary buffer, which
   is writing one byte past client_digest when caller is:
   chap_string_to_hex(client_digest, chap_r, strlen(chap_r));

The latter was found by KASAN (see below) when input value hes expected size
(32 hex chars), and further analysis revealed a stack buffer overflow can
happen when network-received value is longer, allowing an unauthenticated
remote attacker to smash up to 17 bytes after destination buffer (16 bytes
attacker-controlled and one null).  As switching to hex2bin requires
specifying destination buffer length, and does not internally append any null,
it solves both issues.

This addresses CVE-2018-14633.

Beyond this:

- Validate received value length and check hex2bin accepted the input, to log
  this rejection reason instead of just failing authentication.

- Only log received CHAP_R and CHAP_C values once they passed sanity checks.

==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in chap_string_to_hex+0x32/0x60 [iscsi_target_mod]
Write of size 1 at addr ffff8801090ef7c8 by task kworker/0:0/1021

CPU: 0 PID: 1021 Comm: kworker/0:0 Tainted: G           O      4.17.8kasan.sess.connops+ #2
Hardware name: To be filled by O.E.M. To be filled by O.E.M./Aptio CRB, BIOS 5.6.5 05/19/2014
Workqueue: events iscsi_target_do_login_rx [iscsi_target_mod]
Call Trace:
 dump_stack+0x71/0xac
 print_address_description+0x65/0x22e
 ? chap_string_to_hex+0x32/0x60 [iscsi_target_mod]
 kasan_report.cold.6+0x241/0x2fd
 chap_string_to_hex+0x32/0x60 [iscsi_target_mod]
 chap_server_compute_md5.isra.2+0x2cb/0x860 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? chap_binaryhex_to_asciihex.constprop.5+0x50/0x50 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? ftrace_caller_op_ptr+0xe/0xe
 ? __orc_find+0x6f/0xc0
 ? unwind_next_frame+0x231/0x850
 ? kthread+0x1a0/0x1c0
 ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
 ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
 ? iscsi_target_do_login_rx+0x3bc/0x4c0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? deref_stack_reg+0xd0/0xd0
 ? iscsi_target_do_login_rx+0x3bc/0x4c0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? is_module_text_address+0xa/0x11
 ? kernel_text_address+0x4c/0x110
 ? __save_stack_trace+0x82/0x100
 ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
 ? save_stack+0x8c/0xb0
 ? 0xffffffffc1660000
 ? iscsi_target_do_login+0x155/0x8d0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? iscsi_target_do_login_rx+0x3bc/0x4c0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? process_one_work+0x35c/0x640
 ? worker_thread+0x66/0x5d0
 ? kthread+0x1a0/0x1c0
 ? ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40
 ? iscsi_update_param_value+0x80/0x80 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? iscsit_release_cmd+0x170/0x170 [iscsi_target_mod]
 chap_main_loop+0x172/0x570 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? chap_server_compute_md5.isra.2+0x860/0x860 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? rx_data+0xd6/0x120 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? iscsit_print_session_params+0xd0/0xd0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? cyc2ns_read_begin.part.2+0x90/0x90
 ? _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x25/0x50
 ? memcmp+0x45/0x70
 iscsi_target_do_login+0x875/0x8d0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? iscsi_target_check_first_request.isra.5+0x1a0/0x1a0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? del_timer+0xe0/0xe0
 ? memset+0x1f/0x40
 ? flush_sigqueue+0x29/0xd0
 iscsi_target_do_login_rx+0x3bc/0x4c0 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? iscsi_target_nego_release+0x80/0x80 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? iscsi_target_restore_sock_callbacks+0x130/0x130 [iscsi_target_mod]
 process_one_work+0x35c/0x640
 worker_thread+0x66/0x5d0
 ? flush_rcu_work+0x40/0x40
 kthread+0x1a0/0x1c0
 ? kthread_bind+0x30/0x30
 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40

The buggy address belongs to the page:
page:ffffea0004243bc0 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
flags: 0x17fffc000000000()
raw: 017fffc000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff
raw: ffffea0004243c20 ffffea0004243ba0 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff8801090ef680: f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 01 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 00
 ffff8801090ef700: f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 00 02 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 00
>ffff8801090ef780: 00 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 00 00 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 00
                                              ^
 ffff8801090ef800: 00 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 f2 00 00 00 00 02 f2 f2 f2 f2
 ffff8801090ef880: f2 f2 f2 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f2 f2 f2 f2 00
==================================================================
Signed-off-by: Vincent Pelletier <plr.vincent@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

The driver currently uses the ndlp to get the local rport which is then used
to get the nvme transport remoteport pointer. There can be cases where a stale
remoteport pointer is obtained as synchronization isn't done through the
different dereferences.

Correct by using locks to synchronize the dereferences.
Signed-off-by: Dick Kennedy <dick.kennedy@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: James Smart <jsmart2021@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

blk-mq does not support runtime pm, so disable blk-mq support for now.

Fixes: d5038a13 ("scsi: core: switch to scsi-mq by default")
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Currently a scsi device won't contribute to kernel randomness when it uses
blk-mq. Since we commonly use scsi on rotational device with blk-mq, it make
sense to keep contributing to kernel randomness in these cases. This is
especially important for virtual machines.

commit b5b6e8c8 ("scsi: virtio_scsi: fix IO hang caused by automatic irq
vector affinity") made all virtio-scsi device to use blk-mq, which does not
contribute to randomness today. So for a virtual machine only having
virtio-scsi disk (which is common), it will simple stop getting randomness
from its disks in today's implementation.

With this patch, if the above VM has rotational virtio-scsi device, then it
can still benefit from the entropy generated from the disk.
Reported-by: Xuewei Zhang <xueweiz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Xuewei Zhang <xueweiz@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Maciej Żenczykowski <maze@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

While reviewing another part of the code, Kees noticed that the strncpy of the
partition name might not always be NUL terminated. Switch to using strscpy
which does this safely.
Reported-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

There's currently a warning about string overflow with strncat:

drivers/scsi/ibmvscsi_tgt/ibmvscsi_tgt.c: In function 'ibmvscsis_probe':
drivers/scsi/ibmvscsi_tgt/ibmvscsi_tgt.c:3479:2: error: 'strncat' specified
bound 64 equals destination size [-Werror=stringop-overflow=]
  strncat(vscsi->eye, vdev->name, MAX_EYE);
  ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Switch to a single snprintf instead of a strcpy + strcat to handle this
cleanly.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Suggested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

We should first do the le16_to_cpu endian conversion and then apply the
FCP_CMD_LENGTH_MASK mask.

Fixes: 5f35509d ("qla2xxx: Terminate exchange if corrupted")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Quinn Tran <Quinn.Tran@cavium.com>
Acked-by: Himanshu Madhani <himanshu.madhani@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Fedora got a bug report of a crash with iSCSI:

kernel BUG at include/linux/scatterlist.h:143!
...
RIP: 0010:iscsit_do_crypto_hash_buf+0x154/0x180 [iscsi_target_mod]
...
 Call Trace:
  ? iscsi_target_tx_thread+0x200/0x200 [iscsi_target_mod]
  iscsit_get_rx_pdu+0x4cd/0xa90 [iscsi_target_mod]
  ? native_sched_clock+0x3e/0xa0
  ? iscsi_target_tx_thread+0x200/0x200 [iscsi_target_mod]
  iscsi_target_rx_thread+0x81/0xf0 [iscsi_target_mod]
  kthread+0x120/0x140
  ? kthread_create_worker_on_cpu+0x70/0x70
  ret_from_fork+0x3a/0x50

This is a BUG_ON for using a stack buffer with a scatterlist.  There
are two cases that trigger this bug. Switch to using a dynamically
allocated buffer for one case and do not assign a NULL buffer in
another case.
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

The QED driver commit, 1ac4329a ("qed: Add configuration information
to register dump and debug data"), removes the CRC length validation
causing nvm_get_image failure while loading qedi driver:

[qed_mcp_get_nvm_image:2700(host_10-0)]Image [0] is too big - 00006008 bytes
where only 00006004 are available
[qedi_get_boot_info:2253]:10: Could not get NVM image. ret = -12

Hence add and adjust the CRC size to iSCSI NVM image to read boot info at
qedi load time.
Signed-off-by: Nilesh Javali <nilesh.javali@cavium.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

If iscsi_login_init_conn fails it can free conn_ops.
__iscsi_target_login_thread will then call iscsi_target_login_sess_out
which will also free it.

This fixes the problem by organizing conn allocation/setup into parts that
are needed through the life of the conn and parts that are only needed for
the login. The free functions then release what was allocated in the alloc
functions.

With this patch we have:

iscsit_alloc_conn/iscsit_free_conn - allocs/frees the conn we need for the
entire life of the conn.

iscsi_login_init_conn/iscsi_target_nego_release - allocs/frees the parts
of the conn that are only needed during login.
Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Fixes a use-after-free reported by KASAN when later
iscsi_target_login_sess_out gets called and it tries to access
conn->sess->se_sess:

Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
iSCSI Login timeout on Network Portal [::]:3260
iSCSI Login negotiation failed.
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in
iscsi_target_login_sess_out.cold.12+0x58/0xff [iscsi_target_mod]
Read of size 8 at addr ffff880109d070c8 by task iscsi_np/980

CPU: 1 PID: 980 Comm: iscsi_np Tainted: G           O
4.17.8kasan.sess.connops+ #4
Hardware name: To be filled by O.E.M. To be filled by O.E.M./Aptio CRB,
BIOS 5.6.5 05/19/2014
Call Trace:
 dump_stack+0x71/0xac
 print_address_description+0x65/0x22e
 ? iscsi_target_login_sess_out.cold.12+0x58/0xff [iscsi_target_mod]
 kasan_report.cold.6+0x241/0x2fd
 iscsi_target_login_sess_out.cold.12+0x58/0xff [iscsi_target_mod]
 iscsi_target_login_thread+0x1086/0x1710 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? __sched_text_start+0x8/0x8
 ? iscsi_target_login_sess_out+0x250/0x250 [iscsi_target_mod]
 ? __kthread_parkme+0xcc/0x100
 ? parse_args.cold.14+0xd3/0xd3
 ? iscsi_target_login_sess_out+0x250/0x250 [iscsi_target_mod]
 kthread+0x1a0/0x1c0
 ? kthread_bind+0x30/0x30
 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40

Allocated by task 980:
 kasan_kmalloc+0xbf/0xe0
 kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x112/0x210
 iscsi_target_login_thread+0x816/0x1710 [iscsi_target_mod]
 kthread+0x1a0/0x1c0
 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40

Freed by task 980:
 __kasan_slab_free+0x125/0x170
 kfree+0x90/0x1d0
 iscsi_target_login_thread+0x1577/0x1710 [iscsi_target_mod]
 kthread+0x1a0/0x1c0
 ret_from_fork+0x35/0x40

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff880109d06f00
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-512 of size 512
The buggy address is located 456 bytes inside of
 512-byte region [ffff880109d06f00, ffff880109d07100)
The buggy address belongs to the page:
page:ffffea0004274180 count:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000
index:0x0 compound_mapcount: 0
flags: 0x17fffc000008100(slab|head)
raw: 017fffc000008100 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000001000c000c
raw: dead000000000100 dead000000000200 ffff88011b002e00 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff880109d06f80: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff880109d07000: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
>ffff880109d07080: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                                              ^
 ffff880109d07100: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
 ffff880109d07180: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
==================================================================
Signed-off-by: Vincent Pelletier <plr.vincent@gmail.com>
[rebased against idr/ida changes and to handle ret review comments from Matthew]
Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

The problem is that ->reset_state is a u8 but it can be set to -1 or -2 in
aac_tmf_callback() and the error handling in aac_eh_target_reset() relies
on it to be signed.

[mkp: fixed typo]

Fixes: 0d643ff3 ("scsi: aacraid: use aac_tmf_callback for reset fib")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

This reverts commit 32872863.

There is fundamental issue in commit 32872863 (scsi: core: avoid
host-wide host_busy counter for scsi_mq) because SCSI's host busy counter
may not be same with counter of blk-mq's inflight tags, especially in case
of none io scheduler.

We may switch to other approach for addressing this scsi_mq's performance
issue, such as percpu counter or kind of ways, so revert this commit first
for fixing this kind of issue in EH path, as reported by Jens.

Cc: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>,
Cc: "Martin K. Petersen" <martin.petersen@oracle.com>,
Cc: James Bottomley <james.bottomley@hansenpartnership.com>,
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>,
Cc: Don Brace <don.brace@microsemi.com>
Cc: Kashyap Desai <kashyap.desai@broadcom.com>
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@wdc.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

This reverts commit 265d59aa.

There is fundamental issue in commit 32872863 (scsi: core: avoid
host-wide host_busy counter for scsi_mq) because SCSI's host busy counter
may not be same with counter of blk-mq's inflight tags, especially in case
of none io scheduler.

So revert this commit first.

Cc: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>,
Cc: "Martin K. Petersen" <martin.petersen@oracle.com>,
Cc: James Bottomley <james.bottomley@hansenpartnership.com>,
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>,
Cc: Don Brace <don.brace@microsemi.com>
Cc: Kashyap Desai <kashyap.desai@broadcom.com>
Cc: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Laurence Oberman <loberman@redhat.com>
Cc: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@wdc.com>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

With gcc 4.1.2:

    drivers/ata/libata-core.c:7396:33: warning: no newline at end of file

Fixes: 2fa4a326 ("scsi: libsas: dynamically allocate and free ata host")
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

DDP programming happens in data path and it can fail because of lack of
resources so use pr_debug() instead of pr_info() for this case.
Signed-off-by: Varun Prakash <varun@chelsio.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Christie <mchristi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

e2c7b433 was supposed to limit transfer length to 1MB, but got the unit of
max_sectors wrong.

Fixes: e2c7b433 ("scsi: hpsa: limit transfer length to 1MB")
Signed-off-by: Martin Wilck <mwilck@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

A recent change added some MDS processing in the lpfc_drain_txq routine
that relies on the fcp_wq being allocated. For nvmet operation the fcp_wq
is not allocated because it can only be an nvme-target.  When the original
MDS support was added LS_MDS_LOOPBACK was defined wrong, (0x16) it should
have been 0x10 (decimal value used for hex setting). This incorrect value
allowed MDS_LOOPBACK to be set simultaneously with LS_NPIV_FAB_SUPPORTED,
causing the driver to crash when it accesses the non-existent fcp_wq.

Correct the bad value setting for LS_MDS_LOOPBACK.

Fixes: 	ae9e28f3  ("lpfc: Add MDS Diagnostic support.")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.12+
Signed-off-by: Dick Kennedy <dick.kennedy@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: James Smart <james.smart@broadcom.com>
Tested-by: Ewan D. Milne <emilne@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Change default behavior for fdmi registration to on.

[mkp: patch was mangled]
Signed-off-by: Dick Kennedy <dick.kennedy@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: James Smart <james.smart@broadcom.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

 - use be32_to_cpu() instead of ntohs() for 32 bit port capabilities.

 - add a new function fwcaps32_to_caps16() to convert 32 bit port
   capabilities to 16 bit port capabilities.
Signed-off-by: Varun Prakash <varun@chelsio.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Reported-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Varun Prakash <varun@chelsio.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Kernel line argument scsi_mod.use_blk_mq is missing from file
Documentation/scsi/scsi-parameters.txt.  Add this option, providing
mention of config setting and format.

[mkp: clarified where to look]
Signed-off-by: John Pittman <jpittman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

The default was changed, but the help text was not updated.

Fix grammar (s/the option/this option/) while at it.

[mkp: drop "new" as suggested by John Garry]

Fixes: d5038a13 ("scsi: core: switch to scsi-mq by default")
Signed-off-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert+renesas@glider.be>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>

Pull timer update from Thomas Gleixner:
 "New defines for the compat time* types so they can be shared between
  32bit and 64bit builds. Not used yet, but merging them now allows the
  actual conversions to be merged through different maintainer trees
  without dependencies

  We still have compat interfaces for 32bit on 64bit even with the new
  2038 safe timespec/val variants because pointer size is different. And
  for the old style timespec/val interfaces we need yet another 'compat'
  interface for both 32bit native and 32bit on 64bit"

* 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  y2038: Provide aliases for compat helpers

Pull IDA updates from Matthew Wilcox:
 "A better IDA API:

      id = ida_alloc(ida, GFP_xxx);
      ida_free(ida, id);

  rather than the cumbersome ida_simple_get(), ida_simple_remove().

  The new IDA API is similar to ida_simple_get() but better named.  The
  internal restructuring of the IDA code removes the bitmap
  preallocation nonsense.

  I hope the net -200 lines of code is convincing"

* 'ida-4.19' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/linux-dax: (29 commits)
  ida: Change ida_get_new_above to return the id
  ida: Remove old API
  test_ida: check_ida_destroy and check_ida_alloc
  test_ida: Convert check_ida_conv to new API
  test_ida: Move ida_check_max
  test_ida: Move ida_check_leaf
  idr-test: Convert ida_check_nomem to new API
  ida: Start new test_ida module
  target/iscsi: Allocate session IDs from an IDA
  iscsi target: fix session creation failure handling
  drm/vmwgfx: Convert to new IDA API
  dmaengine: Convert to new IDA API
  ppc: Convert vas ID allocation to new IDA API
  media: Convert entity ID allocation to new IDA API
  ppc: Convert mmu context allocation to new IDA API
  Convert net_namespace to new IDA API
  cb710: Convert to new IDA API
  rsxx: Convert to new IDA API
  osd: Convert to new IDA API
  sd: Convert to new IDA API
  ...

Pull gcc plugin fix from Kees Cook:
 "Lift gcc test into Kconfig. This is for better behavior when the
  kernel is built with Clang, reported by Stefan Agner"

* tag 'gcc-plugins-v4.19-rc1-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
  gcc-plugins: Disable when building under Clang

Pull perf updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Kernel:
   - Improve kallsyms coverage
   - Add x86 entry trampolines to kcore
   - Fix ARM SPE handling
   - Correct PPC event post processing

  Tools:
   - Make the build system more robust
   - Small fixes and enhancements all over the place
   - Update kernel ABI header copies
   - Preparatory work for converting libtraceevnt to a shared library
   - License cleanups"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (100 commits)
  tools arch: Update arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S copy used in 'perf bench mem memcpy'
  tools arch x86: Update tools's copy of cpufeatures.h
  perf python: Fix pyrf_evlist__read_on_cpu() interface
  perf mmap: Store real cpu number in 'struct perf_mmap'
  perf tools: Remove ext from struct kmod_path
  perf tools: Add gzip_is_compressed function
  perf tools: Add lzma_is_compressed function
  perf tools: Add is_compressed callback to compressions array
  perf tools: Move the temp file processing into decompress_kmodule
  perf tools: Use compression id in decompress_kmodule()
  perf tools: Store compression id into struct dso
  perf tools: Add compression id into 'struct kmod_path'
  perf tools: Make is_supported_compression() static
  perf tools: Make decompress_to_file() function static
  perf tools: Get rid of dso__needs_decompress() call in __open_dso()
  perf tools: Get rid of dso__needs_decompress() call in symbol__disassemble()
  perf tools: Get rid of dso__needs_decompress() call in read_object_code()
  tools lib traceevent: Change to SPDX License format
  perf llvm: Allow passing options to llc in addition to clang
  perf parser: Improve error message for PMU address filters
  ...

Pull x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:

 - Correct the L1TF fallout on 32bit and the off by one in the 'too much
   RAM for protection' calculation.

 - Add a helpful kernel message for the 'too much RAM' case

 - Unbreak the VDSO in case that the compiler desides to use indirect
   jumps/calls and emits retpolines which cannot be resolved because the
   kernel uses its own thunks, which does not work for the VDSO. Make it
   use the builtin thunks.

 - Re-export start_thread() which was unexported when the 32/64bit
   implementation was unified. start_thread() is required by modular
   binfmt handlers.

 - Trivial cleanups

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/speculation/l1tf: Suggest what to do on systems with too much RAM
  x86/speculation/l1tf: Fix off-by-one error when warning that system has too much RAM
  x86/kvm/vmx: Remove duplicate l1d flush definitions
  x86/speculation/l1tf: Fix overflow in l1tf_pfn_limit() on 32bit
  x86/process: Re-export start_thread()
  x86/mce: Add notifier_block forward declaration
  x86/vdso: Fix vDSO build if a retpoline is emitted

Pull irq update from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A small set of updats/fixes for the irq subsystem:

   - Allow GICv3 interrupts to be configured as wake-up sources to
     enable wakeup from suspend

   - Make the error handling of the STM32 irqchip init function work

   - A set of small cleanups and improvements"

* 'irq-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  irqchip/gic-v3: Allow interrupt to be configured as wake-up sources
  irqchip/tango: Set irq handler and data in one go
  dt-bindings: irqchip: renesas-irqc: Document r8a774a1 support
  irqchip/s3c24xx: Remove unneeded comparison of unsigned long to 0
  irqchip/stm32: Fix init error handling
  irqchip/bcm7038-l1: Hide cpu offline callback when building for !SMP

Pull licking update from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Mark the switch cases which fall through to the next case with the
  proper comment so the fallthrough compiler checks can be enabled"

* 'locking-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  futex: Mark expected switch fall-throughs

Merge tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.19_dax-memory-failure' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm

Pull libnvdimm memory-failure update from Dave Jiang:
 "As it stands, memory_failure() gets thoroughly confused by dev_pagemap
  backed mappings. The recovery code has specific enabling for several
  possible page states and needs new enabling to handle poison in dax
  mappings.

  In order to support reliable reverse mapping of user space addresses:

   1/ Add new locking in the memory_failure() rmap path to prevent races
      that would typically be handled by the page lock.

   2/ Since dev_pagemap pages are hidden from the page allocator and the
      "compound page" accounting machinery, add a mechanism to determine
      the size of the mapping that encompasses a given poisoned pfn.

   3/ Given pmem errors can be repaired, change the speculatively
      accessed poison protection, mce_unmap_kpfn(), to be reversible and
      otherwise allow ongoing access from the kernel.

  A side effect of this enabling is that MADV_HWPOISON becomes usable
  for dax mappings, however the primary motivation is to allow the
  system to survive userspace consumption of hardware-poison via dax.
  Specifically the current behavior is:

     mce: Uncorrected hardware memory error in user-access at af34214200
     {1}[Hardware Error]: It has been corrected by h/w and requires no further action
     mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check events logged
     {1}[Hardware Error]: event severity: corrected
     Memory failure: 0xaf34214: reserved kernel page still referenced by 1 users
     [..]
     Memory failure: 0xaf34214: recovery action for reserved kernel page: Failed
     mce: Memory error not recovered
     <reboot>

  ...and with these changes:

     Injecting memory failure for pfn 0x20cb00 at process virtual address 0x7f763dd00000
     Memory failure: 0x20cb00: Killing dax-pmd:5421 due to hardware memory corruption
     Memory failure: 0x20cb00: recovery action for dax page: Recovered

  Given all the cross dependencies I propose taking this through
  nvdimm.git with acks from Naoya, x86/core, x86/RAS, and of course dax
  folks"

* tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.19_dax-memory-failure' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
  libnvdimm, pmem: Restore page attributes when clearing errors
  x86/memory_failure: Introduce {set, clear}_mce_nospec()
  x86/mm/pat: Prepare {reserve, free}_memtype() for "decoy" addresses
  mm, memory_failure: Teach memory_failure() about dev_pagemap pages
  filesystem-dax: Introduce dax_lock_mapping_entry()
  mm, memory_failure: Collect mapping size in collect_procs()
  mm, madvise_inject_error: Let memory_failure() optionally take a page reference
  mm, dev_pagemap: Do not clear ->mapping on final put
  mm, madvise_inject_error: Disable MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE for ZONE_DEVICE pages
  filesystem-dax: Set page->index
  device-dax: Set page->index
  device-dax: Enable page_mapping()
  device-dax: Convert to vmf_insert_mixed and vm_fault_t

Pull libnvdimm updates from Dave Jiang:
 "Collection of misc libnvdimm patches for 4.19 submission:

   - Adding support to read locked nvdimm capacity.

   - Change test code to make DSM failure code injection an override.

   - Add support for calculate maximum contiguous area for namespace.

   - Add support for queueing a short ARS when there is on going ARS for
     nvdimm.

   - Allow NULL to be passed in to ->direct_access() for kaddr and pfn
     params.

   - Improve smart injection support for nvdimm emulation testing.

   - Fix test code that supports for emulating controller temperature.

   - Fix hang on error before devm_memremap_pages()

   - Fix a bug that causes user memory corruption when data returned to
     user for ars_status.

   - Maintainer updates for Ross Zwisler emails and adding Jan Kara to
     fsdax"

* tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.19_misc' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
  libnvdimm: fix ars_status output length calculation
  device-dax: avoid hang on error before devm_memremap_pages()
  tools/testing/nvdimm: improve emulation of smart injection
  filesystem-dax: Do not request kaddr and pfn when not required
  md/dm-writecache: Don't request pointer dummy_addr when not required
  dax/super: Do not request a pointer kaddr when not required
  tools/testing/nvdimm: kaddr and pfn can be NULL to ->direct_access()
  s390, dcssblk: kaddr and pfn can be NULL to ->direct_access()
  libnvdimm, pmem: kaddr and pfn can be NULL to ->direct_access()
  acpi/nfit: queue issuing of ars when an uc error notification comes in
  libnvdimm: Export max available extent
  libnvdimm: Use max contiguous area for namespace size
  MAINTAINERS: Add Jan Kara for filesystem DAX
  MAINTAINERS: update Ross Zwisler's email address
  tools/testing/nvdimm: Fix support for emulating controller temperature
  tools/testing/nvdimm: Make DSM failure code injection an override
  acpi, nfit: Prefer _DSM over _LSR for namespace label reads
  libnvdimm: Introduce locked DIMM capacity support

Pull ARM SoC late updates from Olof Johansson:
 "A couple of late-merged changes that would be useful to get in this
  merge window:

   - Driver support for reset of audio complex on Meson platforms. The
     audio driver went in this merge window, and these changes have been
     in -next for a while (just not in our tree).

   - Power management fixes for IOMMU on Rockchip platforms, getting
     closer to kexec working on them, including Chromebooks.

   - Another pass updating "arm,psci" -> "psci" for some properties that
     have snuck in since last time it was done"

* tag 'armsoc-late' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  iommu/rockchip: Move irq request past pm_runtime_enable
  iommu/rockchip: Handle errors returned from PM framework
  arm64: rockchip: Force CONFIG_PM on Rockchip systems
  ARM: rockchip: Force CONFIG_PM on Rockchip systems
  arm64: dts: Fix various entry-method properties to reflect documentation
  reset: imx7: Fix always writing bits as 0
  reset: meson: add meson audio arb driver
  reset: meson: add dt-bindings for meson-axg audio arb

Pull more Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:

 - add build_{menu,n,g,x}config targets for compile-testing Kconfig

 - fix and improve recursive dependency detection in Kconfig

 - fix parallel building of menuconfig/nconfig

 - fix syntax error in clang-version.sh

 - suppress distracting log from syncconfig

 - remove obsolete "rpm" target

 - remove VMLINUX_SYMBOL(_STR) macro entirely

 - fix microblaze build with CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE

 - move compiler test for dead code/data elimination to Kconfig

 - rename well-known LDFLAGS variable to KBUILD_LDFLAGS

 - misc fixes and cleanups

* tag 'kbuild-v4.19-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
  kbuild: rename LDFLAGS to KBUILD_LDFLAGS
  kbuild: pass LDFLAGS to recordmcount.pl
  kbuild: test dead code/data elimination support in Kconfig
  initramfs: move gen_initramfs_list.sh from scripts/ to usr/
  vmlinux.lds.h: remove stale <linux/export.h> include
  export.h: remove VMLINUX_SYMBOL() and VMLINUX_SYMBOL_STR()
  Coccinelle: remove pci_alloc_consistent semantic to detect in zalloc-simple.cocci
  kbuild: make sorting initramfs contents independent of locale
  kbuild: remove "rpm" target, which is alias of "rpm-pkg"
  kbuild: Fix LOADLIBES rename in Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt
  kconfig: suppress "configuration written to .config" for syncconfig
  kconfig: fix "Can't open ..." in parallel build
  kbuild: Add a space after `!` to prevent parsing as file pattern
  scripts: modpost: check memory allocation results
  kconfig: improve the recursive dependency report
  kconfig: report recursive dependency involving 'imply'
  kconfig: error out when seeing recursive dependency
  kconfig: add build-only configurator targets
  scripts/dtc: consolidate include path options in Makefile

Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe:
 "A few small fixes for this merge window:

   - Locking imbalance fix for bcache (Shan Hai)

   - A few small fixes for wbt. One is a cleanup/prep, one is a fix for
     an existing issue, and the last two are fixes for changes that went
     into this merge window (me)"

* tag 'for-linus-20180825' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  blk-wbt: don't maintain inflight counts if disabled
  blk-wbt: fix has-sleeper queueing check
  blk-wbt: use wq_has_sleeper() for wq active check
  blk-wbt: move disable check into get_limit()
  bcache: release dc->writeback_lock properly in bch_writeback_thread()

Pull UBIFS fix from Richard Weinberger:
 "Remove an empty file from UBIFS source"

* tag 'upstream-4.19-rc1-fix' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-ubifs:
  ubifs: Remove empty file.h

Pull cifs fixes from Steve French:
 "Three small SMB3 fixes, one for stable"

* tag '4.19-rc-smb3' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  cifs: update internal module version number for cifs.ko to 2.12
  cifs: check kmalloc before use
  cifs: check if SMB2 PDU size has been padded and suppress the warning
  cifs: create a define for how many iovs we need for an SMB2_open()

This is not normally noticeable, but repeated forks are unnecessarily
expensive because they repeatedly dirty the parent page tables during
the page table copy operation.

It's trivial to just avoid write protecting the page table entry if it
was already not writable.

This patch was inspired by

    https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200447

which points to an ancient "waste time re-doing fork" issue in the
presence of lots of signals.

That bug was fixed by Eric Biederman's signal handling series
culminating in commit c3ad2c3b ("signal: Don't restart fork when
signals come in"), but the unnecessary work for repeated forks is still
work just fixing, particularly since the fix is trivial.

Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

At the point where r is being checked for different values, r is always
going to be equal to 2 as the previous if statements jump to end or end1
if r is not 2.  Hence the assignment to err can be simplified to just
err an assignment without any checks on the value or r.

Detected by CoverityScan, CID#1226737 ("Logically dead code")
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Mikulas Patocka <mikulas@artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>