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  1. 14 Jun, 2023 3 commits
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      scripts/kallsyms: remove KSYM_NAME_LEN_BUFFER · 1c975da5
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      You do not need to decide the buffer size statically.

Use getline() to grow the line buffer as needed.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: default avatarNicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
      1c975da5
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      scripts/kallsyms: constify long_options · 92e74fb6
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      getopt_long() does not modify this.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: default avatarNicolas Schier <n.schier@avm.de>
      92e74fb6
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      Revert "[PATCH] uml: export symbols added by GCC hardened" · 8635e8df
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      This reverts commit cead61a6.

It exported __stack_smash_handler and __guard, while they may not be
defined by anyone.

The code *declares* __stack_smash_handler and __guard. It does not
create weak symbols. If no external library is linked, they are left
undefined, but yet exported.

If a loadable module tries to access non-existing symbols, bad things
(a page fault, NULL pointer dereference, etc.) will happen. So, the
current code is wrong and dangerous.

If the code were written as follows, it would *define* them as weak
symbols so modules would be able to get access to them.

  void (*__stack_smash_handler)(void *) __attribute__((weak));
  EXPORT_SYMBOL(__stack_smash_handler);

  long __guard __attribute__((weak));
  EXPORT_SYMBOL(__guard);

In fact, modpost forbids exporting undefined symbols. It shows an error
message if it detects such a mistake.

  ERROR: modpost: "..." [...] was exported without definition

Unfortunately, it is checked only when the code is built as modular.
The problem described above has been unnoticed for a long time because
arch/um/os-Linux/user_syms.c is always built-in.

With a planned change in Kbuild, exporting undefined symbols will always
result in a build error instead of a run-time error. It is a good thing,
but we need to fix the breakage in advance.

One fix is to define weak symbols as shown above. An alternative is to
export them conditionally as follows:

  #ifdef CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR
  extern void __stack_smash_handler(void *);
  EXPORT_SYMBOL(__stack_smash_handler);

  external long __guard;
  EXPORT_SYMBOL(__guard);
  #endif

This is what other architectures do; EXPORT_SYMBOL(__stack_chk_guard)
is guarded by #ifdef CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR.

However, adding the #ifdef guard is not sensible because UML cannot
enable the stack-protector in the first place! (Please note UML does
not select HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR in Kconfig.)

So, the code is already broken (and unused) in multiple ways.

Just remove.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: default avatarNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
      8635e8df
  3. 10 Jun, 2023 2 commits
  5. 08 Jun, 2023 2 commits
  7. 07 Jun, 2023 4 commits
  9. 06 Jun, 2023 1 commit
  11. 05 Jun, 2023 4 commits
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      kbuild: add $(CLANG_FLAGS) to KBUILD_CPPFLAGS · feb843a4
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      When preprocessing arch/*/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S, the target triple is
not passed to $(CPP) because we add it only to KBUILD_{C,A}FLAGS.

As a result, the linker script is preprocessed with predefined macros
for the build host instead of the target.

Assuming you use an x86 build machine, compare the following:

 $ clang -dM -E -x c /dev/null
 $ clang -dM -E -x c /dev/null -target aarch64-linux-gnu

There is no actual problem presumably because our linker scripts do not
rely on such predefined macros, but it is better to define correct ones.

Move $(CLANG_FLAGS) to KBUILD_CPPFLAGS, so that all *.c, *.S, *.lds.S
will be processed with the proper target triple.

[Note]
After the patch submission, we got an actual problem that needs this
commit. (CBL issue 1859)

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1859Reported-by: default avatarTom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: default avatarNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: default avatarNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
      feb843a4
    • Nathan Chancellor's avatar
      kbuild: Add CLANG_FLAGS to as-instr · cff6e7f5
      Nathan Chancellor authored 
      A future change will move CLANG_FLAGS from KBUILD_{A,C}FLAGS to
KBUILD_CPPFLAGS so that '--target' is available while preprocessing.
When that occurs, the following errors appear multiple times when
building ARCH=powerpc powernv_defconfig:

  ld.lld: error: vmlinux.a(arch/powerpc/kernel/head_64.o):(.text+0x12d4): relocation R_PPC64_ADDR16_HI out of range: -4611686018409717520 is not in [-2147483648, 2147483647]; references '__start___soft_mask_table'
  ld.lld: error: vmlinux.a(arch/powerpc/kernel/head_64.o):(.text+0x12e8): relocation R_PPC64_ADDR16_HI out of range: -4611686018409717392 is not in [-2147483648, 2147483647]; references '__stop___soft_mask_table'

Diffing the .o.cmd files reveals that -DHAVE_AS_ATHIGH=1 is not present
anymore, because as-instr only uses KBUILD_AFLAGS, which will no longer
contain '--target'.

Mirror Kconfig's as-instr and add CLANG_FLAGS explicitly to the
invocation to ensure the target information is always present.
Signed-off-by: default avatarNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      cff6e7f5
    • Nathan Chancellor's avatar
      powerpc/vdso: Include CLANG_FLAGS explicitly in ldflags-y · a7e5eb53
      Nathan Chancellor authored 
      A future change will move CLANG_FLAGS from KBUILD_{A,C}FLAGS to
KBUILD_CPPFLAGS so that '--target' is available while preprocessing.
When that occurs, the following error appears when building the compat
PowerPC vDSO:

  clang: error: unsupported option '-mbig-endian' for target 'x86_64-pc-linux-gnu'
  make[3]: *** [.../arch/powerpc/kernel/vdso/Makefile:76: arch/powerpc/kernel/vdso/vdso32.so.dbg] Error 1

Explicitly add CLANG_FLAGS to ldflags-y, so that '--target' will always
be present.
Signed-off-by: default avatarNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      a7e5eb53
    • Nathan Chancellor's avatar
      mips: Include KBUILD_CPPFLAGS in CHECKFLAGS invocation · 08f6554f
      Nathan Chancellor authored 
      A future change will move CLANG_FLAGS from KBUILD_{A,C}FLAGS to
KBUILD_CPPFLAGS so that '--target' is available while preprocessing.
When that occurs, the following error appears when building ARCH=mips
with clang (tip of tree error shown):

  clang: error: unsupported option '-mabi=' for target 'x86_64-pc-linux-gnu'

Add KBUILD_CPPFLAGS in the CHECKFLAGS invocation to keep everything
working after the move.
Signed-off-by: default avatarNathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      08f6554f
  13. 03 Jun, 2023 3 commits
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: detect section mismatch for R_ARM_REL32 · 2cb74946
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      For ARM, modpost fails to detect some types of section mismatches.

  [test code]

    .section .init.data,"aw"
    bar:
            .long 0

    .section .data,"aw"
    .globl foo
    foo:
            .long bar - .

It is apparently a bad reference, but modpost does not report anything.

The test code above produces the following relocations.

  Relocation section '.rel.data' at offset 0xe8 contains 1 entry:
   Offset     Info    Type            Sym.Value  Sym. Name
  00000000  00000403 R_ARM_REL32       00000000   .init.data

Currently, R_ARM_REL32 is just skipped.

Handle it like R_ARM_ABS32.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      2cb74946
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: fix section_mismatch message for R_ARM_THM_{CALL,JUMP24,JUMP19} · 3310bae8
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      addend_arm_rel() processes R_ARM_THM_CALL, R_ARM_THM_JUMP24,
R_ARM_THM_JUMP19 in a wrong way.

Here, test code.

[test code for R_ARM_THM_JUMP24]

  .section .init.text,"ax"
  bar:
          bx      lr

  .section .text,"ax"
  .globl foo
  foo:
          b       bar

[test code for R_ARM_THM_CALL]

  .section .init.text,"ax"
  bar:
          bx      lr

  .section .text,"ax"
  .globl foo
  foo:
          push    {lr}
          bl      bar
          pop     {pc}

If you compile it with CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL=y, modpost will show the
symbol name, (unknown).

  WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: foo (section: .text) -> (unknown) (section: .init.text)

(You need to use GNU linker instead of LLD to reproduce it.)

Fix the code to make modpost show the correct symbol name. I checked
arch/arm/kernel/module.c to learn the encoding of R_ARM_THM_CALL and
R_ARM_THM_JUMP24. The module does not support R_ARM_THM_JUMP19, but
I checked its encoding in ARM ARM.

The '+4' is the compensation for pc-relative instruction. It is
documented in "ELF for the Arm Architecture" [1].

  "If the relocation is pc-relative then compensation for the PC bias
  (the PC value is 8 bytes ahead of the executing instruction in Arm
  state and 4 bytes in Thumb state) must be encoded in the relocation
  by the object producer."

[1]: https://github.com/ARM-software/abi-aa/blob/main/aaelf32/aaelf32.rst

Fixes: c9698e5c ("ARM: 7964/1: Detect section mismatches in thumb relocations")
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      3310bae8
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: detect section mismatch for R_ARM_THM_{MOVW_ABS_NC,MOVT_ABS} · cd1824fb
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      When CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL is enabled, modpost fails to detect some
types of section mismatches.

  [test code]

    #include <linux/init.h>

    int __initdata foo;
    int get_foo(void) { return foo; }

It is apparently a bad reference, but modpost does not report anything.

The test code above produces the following relocations.

  Relocation section '.rel.text' at offset 0x1e8 contains 2 entries:
   Offset     Info    Type            Sym.Value  Sym. Name
  00000000  0000052f R_ARM_THM_MOVW_AB 00000000   .LANCHOR0
  00000004  00000530 R_ARM_THM_MOVT_AB 00000000   .LANCHOR0

Currently, R_ARM_THM_MOVW_ABS_NC and R_ARM_THM_MOVT_ABS are just skipped.

Add code to handle them. I checked arch/arm/kernel/module.c to learn
how the offset is encoded in the instruction.

One more thing to note for Thumb instructions - the st_value is an odd
value, so you need to mask the bit 0 to get the offset. Otherwise, you
will get an off-by-one error in the nearest symbol look-up.

It is documented in "ELF for the ARM Architecture" [1]:

  In addition to the normal rules for symbol values the following rules
  shall also apply to symbols of type STT_FUNC:

   * If the symbol addresses an Arm instruction, its value is the
     address of the instruction (in a relocatable object, the offset
     of the instruction from the start of the section containing it).

   * If the symbol addresses a Thumb instruction, its value is the
     address of the instruction with bit zero set (in a relocatable
     object, the section offset with bit zero set).

   * For the purposes of relocation the value used shall be the address
     of the instruction (st_value & ~1).

[1]: https://github.com/ARM-software/abi-aa/blob/main/aaelf32/aaelf32.rstSigned-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      cd1824fb
  15. 02 Jun, 2023 4 commits
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: refactor find_fromsym() and find_tosym() · b1a9651d
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      find_fromsym() and find_tosym() are similar - both of them iterate
in the .symtab section and return the nearest symbol.

The difference between them is that find_tosym() allows a negative
distance, but the distance must be less than 20.

Factor out the common part into find_nearest_sym().
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: default avatarNick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
      b1a9651d
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: detect section mismatch for R_ARM_{MOVW_ABS_NC,MOVT_ABS} · 12ca2c67
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      For ARM defconfig (i.e. multi_v7_defconfig), modpost fails to detect
some types of section mismatches.

  [test code]

    #include <linux/init.h>

    int __initdata foo;
    int get_foo(void) { return foo; }

It is apparently a bad reference, but modpost does not report anything.

The test code above produces the following relocations.

  Relocation section '.rel.text' at offset 0x200 contains 2 entries:
   Offset     Info    Type            Sym.Value  Sym. Name
  00000000  0000062b R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC 00000000   .LANCHOR0
  00000004  0000062c R_ARM_MOVT_ABS    00000000   .LANCHOR0

Currently, R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC and R_ARM_MOVT_ABS are just skipped.

Add code to handle them. I checked arch/arm/kernel/module.c to learn
how the offset is encoded in the instruction.

The referenced symbol in relocation might be a local anchor.
If is_valid_name() returns false, let's search for a better symbol name.
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      12ca2c67
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: fix section mismatch message for R_ARM_{PC24,CALL,JUMP24} · 56a24b8c
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      addend_arm_rel() processes R_ARM_PC24, R_ARM_CALL, R_ARM_JUMP24 in a
wrong way.

Here, test code.

[test code for R_ARM_JUMP24]

  .section .init.text,"ax"
  bar:
          bx      lr

  .section .text,"ax"
  .globl foo
  foo:
          b       bar

[test code for R_ARM_CALL]

  .section .init.text,"ax"
  bar:
          bx      lr

  .section .text,"ax"
  .globl foo
  foo:
          push    {lr}
          bl      bar
          pop     {pc}

If you compile it with ARM multi_v7_defconfig, modpost will show the
symbol name, (unknown).

  WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: foo (section: .text) -> (unknown) (section: .init.text)

(You need to use GNU linker instead of LLD to reproduce it.)

Fix the code to make modpost show the correct symbol name.

I imported (with adjustment) sign_extend32() from include/linux/bitops.h.

The '+8' is the compensation for pc-relative instruction. It is
documented in "ELF for the Arm Architecture" [1].

  "If the relocation is pc-relative then compensation for the PC bias
  (the PC value is 8 bytes ahead of the executing instruction in Arm
  state and 4 bytes in Thumb state) must be encoded in the relocation
  by the object producer."

[1]: https://github.com/ARM-software/abi-aa/blob/main/aaelf32/aaelf32.rst

Fixes: 56a974fa ("kbuild: make better section mismatch reports on arm")
Fixes: 6e2e340b ("ARM: 7324/1: modpost: Fix section warnings for ARM for many compilers")
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      56a24b8c
    • Masahiro Yamada's avatar
      modpost: fix section mismatch message for R_ARM_ABS32 · b7c63520
      Masahiro Yamada authored 
      addend_arm_rel() processes R_ARM_ABS32 in a wrong way.

Here, test code.

  [test code 1]

    #include <linux/init.h>

    int __initdata foo;
    int get_foo(void) { return foo; }

If you compile it with ARM versatile_defconfig, modpost will show the
symbol name, (unknown).

  WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: get_foo (section: .text) -> (unknown) (section: .init.data)

(You need to use GNU linker instead of LLD to reproduce it.)

If you compile it for other architectures, modpost will show the correct
symbol name.

  WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: get_foo (section: .text) -> foo (section: .init.data)

For R_ARM_ABS32, addend_arm_rel() sets r->r_addend to a wrong value.

I just mimicked the code in arch/arm/kernel/module.c.

However, there is more difficulty for ARM.

Here, test code.

  [test code 2]

    #include <linux/init.h>

    int __initdata foo;
    int get_foo(void) { return foo; }

    int __initdata bar;
    int get_bar(void) { return bar; }

With this commit applied, modpost will show the following messages
for ARM versatile_defconfig:

  WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: get_foo (section: .text) -> foo (section: .init.data)
  WARNING: modpost: vmlinux.o: section mismatch in reference: get_bar (section: .text) -> foo (section: .init.data)

The reference from 'get_bar' to 'foo' seems wrong.

I have no solution for this because it is true in assembly level.

In the following output, relocation at 0x1c is no longer associated
with 'bar'. The two relocation entries point to the same symbol, and
the offset to 'bar' is encoded in the instruction 'r0, [r3, #4]'.

  Disassembly of section .text:

  00000000 <get_foo>:
     0: e59f3004          ldr     r3, [pc, #4]   @ c <get_foo+0xc>
     4: e5930000          ldr     r0, [r3]
     8: e12fff1e          bx      lr
     c: 00000000          .word   0x00000000

  00000010 <get_bar>:
    10: e59f3004          ldr     r3, [pc, #4]   @ 1c <get_bar+0xc>
    14: e5930004          ldr     r0, [r3, #4]
    18: e12fff1e          bx      lr
    1c: 00000000          .word   0x00000000

  Relocation section '.rel.text' at offset 0x244 contains 2 entries:
   Offset     Info    Type            Sym.Value  Sym. Name
  0000000c  00000c02 R_ARM_ABS32       00000000   .init.data
  0000001c  00000c02 R_ARM_ABS32       00000000   .init.data

When find_elf_symbol() gets into a situation where relsym->st_name is
zero, there is no guarantee to get the symbol name as written in C.

I am keeping the current logic because it is useful in many architectures,
but the symbol name is not always correct depending on the optimization.
I left some comments in find_tosym().

Fixes: 56a974fa ("kbuild: make better section mismatch reports on arm")
Signed-off-by: default avatarMasahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
      b7c63520
  17. 28 May, 2023 10 commits
  19. 22 May, 2023 7 commits
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