The ->get callback in the intel_pstate structure was mostly there
for the scaling_cur_freq sysfs attribute to work, but after commit
f8475cef (x86: use common aperfmperf_khz_on_cpu() to calculate
KHz using APERF/MPERF) that attribute uses arch_freq_get_on_cpu()
provided by the x86 arch code on all processors supported by
intel_pstate, so it doesn't need the ->get callback from the
driver any more.

Moreover, the very presence of the ->get callback in the intel_pstate
structure causes the cpuinfo_cur_freq attribute to be present when
intel_pstate operates in the active mode, which is bogus, because
the role of that attribute is to return the current CPU frequency
as seen by the hardware.  For intel_pstate, though, this is just an
average frequency and not really current, but computed for the
previous sampling interval (the actual current frequency may be
way different at the point this value is obtained by reading from
cpuinfo_cur_freq), and after commit 82b4e03e (intel_pstate: skip
scheduler hook when in "performance" mode) the value in
cpuinfo_cur_freq may be stale or just 0, depending on the driver's
operation mode.  In fact, however, on the hardware supported by
intel_pstate there is no way to read the current CPU frequency
from it, so the cpuinfo_cur_freq attribute should not be present
at all when this driver is in use.

For this reason, drop intel_pstate_get() and clear the ->get
callback pointer pointing to it, so that the cpuinfo_cur_freq is
not present for intel_pstate in the active mode any more.

Fixes: 82b4e03e (intel_pstate: skip scheduler hook when in "performance" mode)
Reported-by: Huaisheng Ye <yehs1@lenovo.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>

The busy percent calculated for the Knights Landing (KNL) platform
is 1024 times smaller than the correct busy value.  This causes
performance to get stuck at the lowest ratio.

The scaling algorithm used for KNL is performance-based, but it still
looks at the CPU load to set the scaled busy factor to 0 when the
load is less than 1 percent.  In this case, since the computed load
is 1024x smaller than it should be, the scaled busy factor will
always be 0, irrespective of CPU business.

This needs a fix similar to the turbostat one in commit b2b34dfe
(tools/power turbostat: KNL workaround for %Busy and Avg_MHz).

For this reason, add one more callback to processor-specific
callbacks to specify an MPERF multiplier represented by a number of
bit positions to shift the value of that register to the left to
copmensate for its rate difference with respect to the TSC.  This
shift value is used during CPU busy calculations.

Fixes: ffb81056 (intel_pstate: Avoid getting stuck in high P-states when idle)
Reported-and-tested-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Cc: 4.6+ <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.6+
[ rjw: Changelog ]
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

When the minimum performance limit percentage is set to the power-up
default, it is possible that minimum performance ratio is off by one.

In the set_policy() callback the minimum ratio is calculated by
applying global.min_perf_pct to turbo_ratio and rounding up, but the
power-up default global.min_perf_pct is already rounded up to the
next percent in min_perf_pct_min().  That results in two round up
operations, so for the default min_perf_pct one of them is not
required.

It is better to remove rounding up in min_perf_pct_min() as this
matches the displayed min_perf_pct prior to commit c5a2ee7d
(cpufreq: intel_pstate: Active mode P-state limits rework) in 4.12.

For example on a platform with max turbo ratio of 37 and minimum
ratio of 10, the min_perf_pct resulted in 28 with the above commit.
Before this commit it was 27 and it will be the same after this
change.

Fixes: 1a4fe38a (cpufreq: intel_pstate: Remove max/min fractions to limit performance)
Reported-by: Artem Bityutskiy <artem.bityutskiy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

Commit f8475cef "x86: use common aperfmperf_khz_on_cpu() to
calculate KHz using APERF/MPERF" modified the way the scaling_cur_freq
cpufreq policy attribute in sysfs is handled on contemporary
Intel-based x86 systems, so update the documentation to reflect
that change.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

After commit 82b4e03e (intel_pstate: skip scheduler hook when in
"performance" mode) get_target_pstate_use_performance() and
get_target_pstate_use_cpu_load() are never called if scaling_governor
is "performance", so drop the CPUFREQ_POLICY_PERFORMANCE checks from
them as they will never trigger anyway.

Moreover, the documentation needs to be updated to reflect the change
made by the above commit, so do that too.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Acked-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>

When the governor is set to "performance", intel_pstate does not
need the scheduler hook for doing any calculations.  Under these
conditions, its only purpose is to continue to maintain
cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq.

The cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq sysfs attribute is now provided by
shared x86 cpufreq code on modern x86 systems, including
all systems supported by the intel_pstate driver.

So in "performance" governor mode, the scheduler hook can be skipped.
This applies to both in Software and Hardware P-state control modes.
Suggested-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

The cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq sysfs attribute is now provided by
shared x86 cpufreq code on modern x86 systems, including
all systems supported by the intel_pstate driver.

In HWP mode, maintaining that value was the sole purpose of
the scheduler hook, intel_pstate_update_util_hwp(),
so it can now be removed.
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

The goal of this change is to give users a uniform and meaningful
result when they read /sys/...cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
on modern x86 hardware, as compared to what they get today.

Modern x86 processors include the hardware needed
to accurately calculate frequency over an interval --
APERF, MPERF, and the TSC.

Here we provide an x86 routine to make this calculation
on supported hardware, and use it in preference to any
driver driver-specific cpufreq_driver.get() routine.

MHz is computed like so:

MHz = base_MHz * delta_APERF / delta_MPERF

MHz is the average frequency of the busy processor
over a measurement interval.  The interval is
defined to be the time between successive invocations
of aperfmperf_khz_on_cpu(), which are expected to to
happen on-demand when users read sysfs attribute
cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq.

As with previous methods of calculating MHz,
idle time is excluded.

base_MHz above is from TSC calibration global "cpu_khz".

This x86 native method to calculate MHz returns a meaningful result
no matter if P-states are controlled by hardware or firmware
and/or if the Linux cpufreq sub-system is or is-not installed.

When this routine is invoked more frequently, the measurement
interval becomes shorter.  However, the code limits re-computation
to 10ms intervals so that average frequency remains meaningful.

Discerning users are encouraged to take advantage of
the turbostat(8) utility, which can gracefully handle
concurrent measurement intervals of arbitrary length.
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

In the current model the max/min perf limits are a fraction of current
user space limits to the allowed max_freq or 100% for global limits.
This results in wrong ratio limits calculation because of rounding
issues for some user space limits.

Initially we tried to solve this issue by issue by having more shift
bits to increase precision. Still there are isolated cases where we still
have error.

This can be avoided by using ratios all together. Since the way we get
cpuinfo.max_freq is by multiplying scaling factor to max ratio, we can
easily keep the max/min ratios in terms of ratios and not fractions.

For example:
if the max ratio = 36
cpuinfo.max_freq = 36 * 100000 = 3600000

Suppose user space sets a limit of 1200000, then we can calculate
max ratio limit as
= 36 * 1200000 / 3600000
= 12
This will be correct for any user limits.

The other advantage is that, we don't need to do any calculation in the
fast path as ratio limit is already calculated via set_policy() callback.
Signed-off-by: Srinivas Pandruvada <srinivas.pandruvada@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

cpufreq_quick_get() allows cpufreq drivers to over-ride cpu_khz
that is otherwise reported in x86 /proc/cpuinfo "cpu MHz".

There are four problems with this scheme,
any of them is sufficient justification to delete it.

 1. Depending on which cpufreq driver is loaded, the behavior
    of this field is different.

 2. Distros complain that they have to explain to users
    why and how this field changes.  Distros have requested a constant.

 3. The two major providers of this information, acpi_cpufreq
    and intel_pstate, both "get it wrong" in different ways.

    acpi_cpufreq lies to the user by telling them that
    they are running at whatever frequency was last
    requested by software.

    intel_pstate lies to the user by telling them that
    they are running at the average frequency computed
    over an undefined measurement.  But an average computed
    over an undefined interval, is itself, undefined...

 4. On modern processors, user space utilities, such as
    turbostat(1), are more accurate and more precise, while
    supporing concurrent measurement over arbitrary intervals.

Users who have been consulting /proc/cpuinfo to
track changing CPU frequency will be dissapointed that
it no longer wiggles -- perhaps being unaware of the
limitations of the information they have been consuming.

Yes, they can change their scripts to look in sysfs
cpufreq/scaling_cur_frequency.  Here they will find the same
data of dubious quality here removed from /proc/cpuinfo.
The value in sysfs will be addressed in a subsequent patch
to address issues 1-3, above.

Issue 4 will remain -- users that really care about
accurate frequency information should not be using either
proc or sysfs kernel interfaces.
They should be using using turbostat(8), or a similar
purpose-built analysis tool.
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

Stack guard page is a useful feature to reduce a risk of stack smashing
into a different mapping. We have been using a single page gap which
is sufficient to prevent having stack adjacent to a different mapping.
But this seems to be insufficient in the light of the stack usage in
userspace. E.g. glibc uses as large as 64kB alloca() in many commonly
used functions. Others use constructs liks gid_t buffer[NGROUPS_MAX]
which is 256kB or stack strings with MAX_ARG_STRLEN.

This will become especially dangerous for suid binaries and the default
no limit for the stack size limit because those applications can be
tricked to consume a large portion of the stack and a single glibc call
could jump over the guard page. These attacks are not theoretical,
unfortunatelly.

Make those attacks less probable by increasing the stack guard gap
to 1MB (on systems with 4k pages; but make it depend on the page size
because systems with larger base pages might cap stack allocations in
the PAGE_SIZE units) which should cover larger alloca() and VLA stack
allocations. It is obviously not a full fix because the problem is
somehow inherent, but it should reduce attack space a lot.

One could argue that the gap size should be configurable from userspace,
but that can be done later when somebody finds that the new 1MB is wrong
for some special case applications.  For now, add a kernel command line
option (stack_guard_gap) to specify the stack gap size (in page units).

Implementation wise, first delete all the old code for stack guard page:
because although we could get away with accounting one extra page in a
stack vma, accounting a larger gap can break userspace - case in point,
a program run with "ulimit -S -v 20000" failed when the 1MB gap was
counted for RLIMIT_AS; similar problems could come with RLIMIT_MLOCK
and strict non-overcommit mode.

Instead of keeping gap inside the stack vma, maintain the stack guard
gap as a gap between vmas: using vm_start_gap() in place of vm_start
(or vm_end_gap() in place of vm_end if VM_GROWSUP) in just those few
places which need to respect the gap - mainly arch_get_unmapped_area(),
and and the vma tree's subtree_gap support for that.
Original-patch-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Original-patch-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Tested-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> # parisc
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull ARM SoC fixes from Olof Johansson:
 "Stream of fixes has slowed down, only a few this week:

   - Some DT fixes for Allwinner platforms, and addition of a clock to
     the R_CCU clock controller that had been missed.

   - A couple of small DT fixes for am335x-sl50"

* tag 'armsoc-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  arm64: allwinner: a64: Add PLL_PERIPH0 clock to the R_CCU
  ARM: sunxi: h3-h5: Add PLL_PERIPH0 clock to the R_CCU
  ARM: dts: am335x-sl50: Fix cannot claim requested pins for spi0
  ARM: dts: am335x-sl50: Fix card detect pin for mmc1
  arm64: allwinner: h5: Remove syslink to shared DTSI
  ARM: sunxi: h3/h5: fix the compatible of R_CCU

Merge tag 'sunxi-fixes-for-4.12' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sunxi/linux into fixes

Allwinner fixes for 4.12

A few fixes around the PRCM support that got in 4.12 with a wrong
compatible, and a missing clock in the binding.

* tag 'sunxi-fixes-for-4.12' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sunxi/linux:
  arm64: allwinner: a64: Add PLL_PERIPH0 clock to the R_CCU
  ARM: sunxi: h3-h5: Add PLL_PERIPH0 clock to the R_CCU
  arm64: allwinner: h5: Remove syslink to shared DTSI
  ARM: sunxi: h3/h5: fix the compatible of R_CCU
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>

Merge tag 'omap-for-v4.12/fixes-sl50' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tmlind/linux-omap into fixes

Two fixes for am335x-sl50 to fix a boot time error
for claiming SPI pins, and to fix a SDIO card detect
pin for production version of the device.

* tag 'omap-for-v4.12/fixes-sl50' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tmlind/linux-omap:
  ARM: dts: am335x-sl50: Fix cannot claim requested pins for spi0
  ARM: dts: am335x-sl50: Fix card detect pin for mmc1
Signed-off-by: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>

Pull virtio bugfix from Michael Tsirkin:
 "It turns out balloon does not handle IOMMUs correctly. We should fix
  that at some point, for now let's just disable this configuration"

* tag 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mst/vhost:
  virtio_balloon: disable VIOMMU support

Pull i2c fixes from Wolfram Sang:
 "Two driver bugfixes"

* 'i2c/for-current-fixed' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wsa/linux:
  i2c: ismt: fix wrong device address when unmap the data buffer
  i2c: rcar: use correct length when unmapping DMA

Pull MIPS fixes from Ralf Baechle:

 - Three highmem fixes:
    + Fixed mapping initialization
    + Adjust the pkmap location
    + Ensure we use at most one page for PTEs

 - Fix makefile dependencies for .its targets to depend on vmlinux

 - Fix reversed condition in BNEZC and JIALC software branch emulation

 - Only flush initialized flush_insn_slot to avoid NULL pointer
   dereference

 - perf: Remove incorrect odd/even counter handling for I6400

 - ftrace: Fix init functions tracing

* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus:
  MIPS: .its targets depend on vmlinux
  MIPS: Fix bnezc/jialc return address calculation
  MIPS: kprobes: flush_insn_slot should flush only if probe initialised
  MIPS: ftrace: fix init functions tracing
  MIPS: mm: adjust PKMAP location
  MIPS: highmem: ensure that we don't use more than one page for PTEs
  MIPS: mm: fixed mappings: correct initialisation
  MIPS: perf: Remove incorrect odd/even counter handling for I6400

virtio balloon bypasses the DMA API entirely so does not support the
VIOMMU right now.  It's not clear we need that support, for now let's
just make sure we don't pretend to support it.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Wei Wang <wei.w.wang@intel.com>
Fixes: 1a937693 ("virtio: new feature to detect IOMMU device quirk")
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>

Pull x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two fixlets for x86:

   - Handle WARN_ONs proper with the new UD based WARN implementation

   - Disable 1G mappings when 2M mappings are disabled by kmemleak or
     debug_pagealloc. Otherwise 1G mappings might still be used,
     confusing the debug mechanisms"

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/mm: Disable 1GB direct mappings when disabling 2MB mappings
  x86/debug: Handle early WARN_ONs proper

Pull timer fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Three fixlets for timers:

   - Two hot-fixes for the alarmtimer based posix timers, which prevent
     a nasty DOS by self rescheduling timers. The proper cleanup of that
     mess is queued for 4.13

   - Make a function static"

* 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  tick/broadcast: Make tick_broadcast_setup_oneshot() static
  alarmtimer: Rate limit periodic intervals
  alarmtimer: Prevent overflow of relative timers

Pull scheduler fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two small fixes for the schedulre core:

   - Use the proper switch_mm() variant in idle_task_exit() because that
     code is not called with interrupts disabled.

   - Fix a confusing typo in a printk"

* 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/core: Idle_task_exit() shouldn't use switch_mm_irqs_off()
  sched/fair: Fix typo in printk message

Pull perf fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Three fixes for the perf user space side:

   - Fix the probing of precise_ip level, which got broken recently for
     x86.

   - Unbreak the ARCH=x86_64 build

   - Report module before trying to unwind into the module code, which
     avoids broken stack frames displayed"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf unwind: Report module before querying isactivation in dwfl unwind
  perf tools: Fix build with ARCH=x86_64
  perf evsel: Fix probing of precise_ip level for default cycles event

Pull irq fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Add a missing resource release to an error path"

* 'irq-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  genirq: Release resources in __setup_irq() error path

Pull objtool fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A single fix which adds fortify_panic to the list of no return
  functions"

* 'core-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  objtool: Add fortify_panic as __noreturn function

Merge tag 'led_fixes_for_4.12-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/j.anaszewski/linux-leds

Pull LED fixes from Jacek Anaszewski:
 "Two LED fixes:

   - fix signal source assignment for leds-bcm6328

   - revert patch that intended to fix LED behavior on suspend but it
     had a side effect preventing suspend at all due to uevent being
     sent on trigger removal"

* tag 'led_fixes_for_4.12-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/j.anaszewski/linux-leds:
  Revert "leds: handle suspend/resume in heartbeat trigger"
  leds: bcm6328: fix signal source assignment for leds 4 to 7

Pull USB fixes from Greg KH:
 "Here are some small gadget and xhci USB fixes for 4.12-rc6.

  Nothing major, but one of the gadget patches does fix a reported oops,
  and the xhci ones resolve reported problems. All have been in
  linux-next with no reported issues"

* tag 'usb-4.12-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb:
  USB: gadgetfs, dummy-hcd, net2280: fix locking for callbacks
  usb: xhci: ASMedia ASM1042A chipset need shorts TX quirk
  usb: xhci: Fix USB 3.1 supported protocol parsing
  USB: gadget: fix GPF in gadgetfs
  usb: gadget: composite: make sure to reactivate function on unbind

Pull staging and IIO fixes from Greg KH:
 "Here are some small staging and IIO driver fixes for 4.12-rc6.

  Nothing huge, just a few small driver fixes for reported issues. All
  have been in linux-next with no reported issues"

* tag 'staging-4.12-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging:
  Staging: rtl8723bs: fix an error code in isFileReadable()
  iio: buffer-dmaengine: Add missing header buffer_impl.h
  iio: buffer-dma: Add missing header buffer_impl.h
  iio: adc: meson-saradc: fix potential crash in meson_sar_adc_clear_fifo
  iio: adc: mxs-lradc: Fix return value check in mxs_lradc_adc_probe()
  iio: imu: inv_mpu6050: add accel lpf setting for chip >= MPU6500
  staging: iio: ad7152: Fix deadlock in ad7152_write_raw_samp_freq()

Pull ceph fixes from Ilya Dryomov:
 "A fix for an old ceph ->fh_to_* bug from Luis and two timestamp fixups
  from Zheng, prompted by the ongoing y2038 work"

* tag 'ceph-for-4.12-rc6' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client:
  ceph: unify inode i_ctime update
  ceph: use current_kernel_time() to get request time stamp
  ceph: check i_nlink while converting a file handle to dentry

Pull xfs fix from Darrick Wong:
 "One more bugfix for you for 4.12-rc6 to fix something that came up in
  an earlier rc:

   - Fix some bogus ASSERT failures on CONFIG_SMP=n and CONFIG_XFS_DEBUG=y"

* tag 'xfs-4.12-fixes-4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfs-linux:
  xfs: fix spurious spin_is_locked() assert failures on non-smp kernels

Pull ufs fixes from Al Viro:
 "Fix assorted ufs bugs: a couple of deadlocks, fs corruption in
  truncate(), oopsen on tail unpacking and truncate when racing with
  vmscan, mild fs corruption (free blocks stats summary buggered, *BSD
  fsck would complain and fix), several instances of broken logics
  around reserved blocks (starting with "check almost never triggers
  when it should" and then there are issues with sufficiently large
  UFS2)"

[ Note: ufs hasn't gotten any loving in a long time, because nobody
  really seems to use it. These ufs fixes are triggered by people
  actually caring now, not some sudden influx of new bugs.  - Linus ]

* 'ufs-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  ufs_truncate_blocks(): fix the case when size is in the last direct block
  ufs: more deadlock prevention on tail unpacking
  ufs: avoid grabbing ->truncate_mutex if possible
  ufs_get_locked_page(): make sure we have buffer_heads
  ufs: fix s_size/s_dsize users
  ufs: fix reserved blocks check
  ufs: make ufs_freespace() return signed
  ufs: fix logics in "ufs: make fsck -f happy"

Pull vfs fixes from Al Viro:
 "A couple of fixes; a leak in mntns_install() caught by Andrei (this
  cycle regression) + d_invalidate() softlockup fix - that had been
  reported by a bunch of people lately, but the problem is pretty old"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  fs: don't forget to put old mntns in mntns_install
  Hang/soft lockup in d_invalidate with simultaneous calls

Pull PCI fixes from Bjorn Helgaas:

 - fix another PCI_ENDPOINT build error (merged for v4.12)

 - fix error codes added to config accessors for v4.12

* tag 'pci-v4.12-fixes-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci:
  PCI: endpoint: Select CRC32 to fix test build error
  PCI: Make error code types consistent in pci_{read,write}_config_*

Pull fbdev fixes from Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz:

 - fix udlfb driver to stop spamming logs (Mike Gerow)

 - add missing endianness conversions in smscufx & udlfb drivers (Johan
   Hovold)

 - fix few gcc warnings/errors (Arnd Bergmann)

* tag 'fbdev-v4.12-rc6' of git://github.com/bzolnier/linux:
  video: fbdev: udlfb: drop log level for blanking
  video: fbdev: via: remove possibly unused variables
  video: fbdev: add missing USB-descriptor endianness conversions
  video: fbdev: avoid int-in-bool-context warning

Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
 "5 fixes"

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>:
  mm: correct the comment when reclaimed pages exceed the scanned pages
  userfaultfd: shmem: handle coredumping in handle_userfault()
  mm: numa: avoid waiting on freed migrated pages
  swap: cond_resched in swap_cgroup_prepare()
  mm/memory-failure.c: use compound_head() flags for huge pages

Commit e1587a49 ("mm: vmpressure: fix sending wrong events on
underflow") declared that reclaimed pages exceed the scanned pages due
to the thp reclaim.

That is incorrect because THP will be spilt to normal page and loop
again, which will result in the scanned pages increment.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment text]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1496824266-25235-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: zhongjiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Anon and hugetlbfs handle FOLL_DUMP set by get_dump_page() internally to
__get_user_pages().

shmem as opposed has no special FOLL_DUMP handling there so
handle_mm_fault() is invoked without mmap_sem and ends up calling
handle_userfault() that isn't expecting to be invoked without mmap_sem
held.

This makes handle_userfault() fail immediately if invoked through
shmem_vm_ops->fault during coredumping and solves the problem.

The side effect is a BUG_ON with no lock held triggered by the
coredumping process which exits.  Only 4.11 is affected, pre-4.11 anon
memory holes are skipped in __get_user_pages by checking FOLL_DUMP
explicitly against empty pagetables (mm/gup.c:no_page_table()).

It's zero cost as we already had a check for current->flags to prevent
futex to trigger userfaults during exit (PF_EXITING).

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170615214838.27429-1-aarcange@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>	[4.11+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In do_huge_pmd_numa_page(), we attempt to handle a migrating thp pmd by
waiting until the pmd is unlocked before we return and retry.  However,
we can race with migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page():

    // do_huge_pmd_numa_page                // migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
    // Holds 0 refs on page                 // Holds 2 refs on page

    vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
    /* ... */
    if (pmd_trans_migrating(*vmf->pmd)) {
            page = pmd_page(*vmf->pmd);
            spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
                                            ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
                                            if (page_count(page) != 2)) {
                                                    /* roll back */
                                            }
                                            /* ... */
                                            mlock_migrate_page(new_page, page);
                                            /* ... */
                                            spin_unlock(ptl);
                                            put_page(page);
                                            put_page(page); // page freed here
            wait_on_page_locked(page);
            goto out;
    }

This can result in the freed page having its waiters flag set
unexpectedly, which trips the PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP checks in the
page alloc/free functions.  This has been observed on arm64 KVM guests.

We can avoid this by having do_huge_pmd_numa_page() take a reference on
the page before dropping the pmd lock, mirroring what we do in
__migration_entry_wait().

When we hit the race, migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() will see the
reference and abort the migration, as it may do today in other cases.

Fixes: b8916634 ("mm: Prevent parallel splits during THP migration")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1497349722-6731-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.comSigned-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

I saw need_resched() warnings when swapping on large swapfile (TBs)
because continuously allocating many pages in swap_cgroup_prepare() took
too long.

We already cond_resched when freeing page in swap_cgroup_swapoff().  Do
the same for the page allocation.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170604200109.17606-1-yuzhao@google.comSigned-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

memory_failure() chooses a recovery action function based on the page
flags.  For huge pages it uses the tail page flags which don't have
anything interesting set, resulting in:

> Memory failure: 0x9be3b4: Unknown page state
> Memory failure: 0x9be3b4: recovery action for unknown page: Failed

Instead, save a copy of the head page's flags if this is a huge page,
this means if there are no relevant flags for this tail page, we use the
head pages flags instead.  This results in the me_huge_page() recovery
action being called:

> Memory failure: 0x9b7969: recovery action for huge page: Delayed

For hugepages that have not yet been allocated, this allows the hugepage
to be dequeued.

Fixes: 524fca1e ("HWPOISON: fix misjudgement of page_action() for errors on mlocked pages")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170524130204.21845-1-james.morse@arm.comSigned-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Tested-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Punit Agrawal <punit.agrawal@arm.com>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>