Should do_swap_page() have the capability to directly map a large folio,
metadata restoration becomes necessary for a specified number of pages
denoted as nr.  It's important to highlight that metadata restoration is
solely required by the SPARC platform, which, however, does not enable
THP_SWAP.  Consequently, in the present kernel configuration, there exists
no practical scenario where users necessitate the restoration of nr
metadata.  Platforms implementing THP_SWAP might invoke this function with
nr values exceeding 1, subsequent to do_swap_page() successfully mapping
an entire large folio.  Nonetheless, their arch_do_swap_page_nr()
functions remain empty.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240529082824.150954-5-21cnbao@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Chuanhua Han <hanchuanhua@oppo.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Gao Xiang <xiang@kernel.org>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

There could arise a necessity to obtain the first pte_t from a swap pte_t
located in the middle.  For instance, this may occur within the context of
do_swap_page(), where a page fault can potentially occur in any PTE of a
large folio.  To address this, the following patch introduces
pte_move_swp_offset(), a function capable of bidirectional movement by a
specified delta argument.  Consequently, pte_next_swp_offset() will
directly invoke it with delta = 1.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240529082824.150954-4-21cnbao@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Suggested-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Chuanhua Han <hanchuanhua@oppo.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Gao Xiang <xiang@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Cc: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

To streamline maintenance efforts, we propose removing the implementation
of swap_free().  Instead, we can simply invoke swap_free_nr() with nr set
to 1.  swap_free_nr() is designed with a bitmap consisting of only one
long, resulting in overhead that can be ignored for cases where nr equals
1.

A prime candidate for leveraging swap_free_nr() lies within
kernel/power/swap.c.  Implementing this change facilitates the adoption of
batch processing for hibernation.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240529082824.150954-3-21cnbao@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Suggested-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Chuanhua Han <hanchuanhua@oppo.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Gao Xiang <xiang@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Cc: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "large folios swap-in: handle refault cases first", v5.

This patchset is extracted from the large folio swapin series[1],
primarily addressing the handling of scenarios involving large folios in
the swap cache.  Currently, it is particularly focused on addressing the
refaulting of mTHP, which is still undergoing reclamation.  This approach
aims to streamline code review and expedite the integration of this
segment into the MM tree.

It relies on Ryan's swap-out series[2], leveraging the helper function
swap_pte_batch() introduced by that series.

Presently, do_swap_page only encounters a large folio in the swap cache
before the large folio is released by vmscan.  However, the code should
remain equally useful once we support large folio swap-in via
swapin_readahead().  This approach can effectively reduce page faults and
eliminate most redundant checks and early exits for MTE restoration in
recent MTE patchset[3].

The large folio swap-in for SWP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO and swapin_readahead() will
be split into separate patch sets and sent at a later time.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20240304081348.197341-1-21cnbao@gmail.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20240408183946.2991168-1-ryan.roberts@arm.com/
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20240322114136.61386-1-21cnbao@gmail.com/ 


This patch (of 6):

While swapping in a large folio, we need to free swaps related to the
whole folio.  To avoid frequently acquiring and releasing swap locks, it
is better to introduce an API for batched free.  Furthermore, this new
function, swap_free_nr(), is designed to efficiently handle various
scenarios for releasing a specified number, nr, of swap entries.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240529082824.150954-1-21cnbao@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240529082824.150954-2-21cnbao@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Chuanhua Han <hanchuanhua@oppo.com>
Co-developed-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Acked-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Gao Xiang <xiang@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Cc: Andreas Larsson <andreas@gaisler.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@oracle.com>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

A lot of intricacies go into updating the stats when adding or removing
mappings: which stat index to use and which function.  Abstract this away
into a new static helper in rmap.c, __folio_mod_stat().

This adds an unnecessary call to folio_test_anon() in
__folio_add_anon_rmap() and __folio_add_file_rmap().  However, the folio
struct should already be in the cache at this point, so it shouldn't cause
any noticeable overhead.

No functional change intended.

[hughd@google.com: fix /proc/meminfo]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/49914517-dfc7-e784-fde0-0e08fafbecc2@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240506211333.346605-1-yosryahmed@google.comSigned-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

A variable name 'page' is used in zswap_is_folio_same_filled() and
zswap_fill_page() to point at the kmapped data in a folio. Use 'data'
instead to avoid confusion and stop it from showing up when searching
for 'page' references in mm/zswap.c.

While we are at it, move the kmap/kunmap calls into zswap_fill_page(),
make it take in a folio, and rename it to zswap_fill_folio().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524033819.1953587-4-yosryahmed@google.comSigned-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Eliminate the last explicit 'struct page' reference in mm/zswap.c.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524033819.1953587-3-yosryahmed@google.comSigned-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "mm: zswap: trivial folio conversions".

Some trivial folio conversions in zswap code.


This patch (of 3):

sg_set_folio() is equivalent to sg_set_page() for order-0 folios, which
are the only ones supported by zswap. Now zswap_decompress() can take in
a folio directly.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524033819.1953587-1-yosryahmed@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524033819.1953587-2-yosryahmed@google.comSigned-off-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 2916ecc0 ("mm/migrate: new migrate mode MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY")
introduce a new MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode to allow to offload the copy to
a device DMA engine, which is only used __migrate_device_pages() to decide
whether or not copy the old page, and the MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode only
set in hmm, as the MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY set is removed by previous
cleanup, it seems that we could remove the unnecessary
MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524052843.182275-6-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

migrate_folio_extra() is only called in migrate.c now, convert it a static
function and take a new src_private argument which could be shared by
migrate_folio() and filemap_migrate_folio() to simplify code a bit.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524052843.182275-5-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

The __migrate_device_pages() won't copy page so MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY
passed into migrate_folio()/migrate_folio_extra(), actually a easy way is
just to call folio_migrate_mapping()/folio_migrate_flags(), converting it
to unify and simplify the migrate device pages, which also remove the only
call for MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524052843.182275-4-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Use a newfolio instead of newpage and convert to more folio api in
__migrate_device_pages().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524052843.182275-3-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@google.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "mm: cleanup MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode".

Commit 2916ecc0 ("mm/migrate: new migrate mode MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY")
introduce a new MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode to allow to offload the copy to
a device DMA engine, which is only used __migrate_device_pages() to decide
whether or not copy the old page, and the MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode only
used in hmm, a easy way is just to call the folio_migrate_mapping() and
folio_migrate_flags(), which help to remove the MIGRATE_SYNC_NO_COPY mode.


This patch (of 5):

Use filemap_migrate_folio() helper to simplify __buffer_migrate_folio().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524052843.182275-1-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524052843.182275-2-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Benjamin LaHaise <bcrl@kvack.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@google.com>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

This are no users since commit 40d707f3 ("mm/ksm: use folio in
write_protect_page"), so remove DEFINE_PAGE_VMA_WALK().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524053618.208895-1-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

All callers are now converted, delete this compatibility wrapper.  Also
fix up some comments which referred to page_mapping.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240423225552.4113447-7-willy@infradead.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524181813.698813-1-willy@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Cc: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

The page_memcg() only called by mod_memcg_page_state(), so squash it to
cleanup page_memcg().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524014950.187805-1-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Change the llist_for_each_entry_safe function to the llist_for_each_entry
function and delete the next variable.  Because the linked list is not
modified,the llist_for_each_entry_safe function is not required.  No
functional changes are intended.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240513075830.2611-1-liyifei28@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Yifei Li <liyifei28@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Jiaqi Yan <jiaqiyan@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Shiyang Ruan <ruansy.fnst@fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 1b151e24 ("block: Remove special-casing of compound pages")
caused a change in behaviour when releasing the pages if the buffer does
not start at the beginning of the page.  This was because the calculation
of the number of pages to release was incorrect.  This was fixed by commit
38b43539 ("block: Fix page refcounts for unaligned buffers in
__bio_release_pages()").

We pin the user buffer during direct I/O writes.  If this buffer is a
hugepage, bio_release_page() will unpin it and decrement all references
and pin counts at ->bi_end_io.  However, if any references to the hugepage
remain post-I/O, the hugepage will not be freed upon unmap, leading to a
memory leak.

This patch verifies that a hugepage, used as a user buffer for DIO
operations, is correctly freed upon unmapping, regardless of whether the
offsets are aligned or unaligned w.r.t page boundary.

Test Result  Fail Scenario (Without the fix)
--------------------------------------------------------
[]# ./hugetlb_dio
TAP version 13
1..4
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 1 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 2 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 3 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 6
not ok 4 : Huge pages not freed!
Totals: pass:3 fail:1 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0

Test Result  PASS Scenario (With the fix)
---------------------------------------------------------
[]#./hugetlb_dio
TAP version 13
1..4
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 1 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 2 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 3 : Huge pages freed successfully !
No. Free pages before allocation : 7
No. Free pages after munmap : 7
ok 4 : Huge pages freed successfully !
Totals: pass:4 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0

[donettom@linux.ibm.com: address review comments from Muhammad]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240604132801.23377-1-donettom@linux.ibm.com
[donettom@linux.ibm.com: add this test to run_vmtests.sh]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240607182000.6494-1-donettom@linux.ibm.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240523063905.3173-1-donettom@linux.ibm.com
Fixes: 38b43539 ("block: Fix page refcounts for unaligned buffers in __bio_release_pages()")
Signed-off-by: Donet Tom <donettom@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Co-developed-by: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Cc: Ritesh Harjani (IBM) <ritesh.list@gmail.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Tony Battersby <tonyb@cybernetics.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the 'make W=1' warning:

WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in mm/zsmalloc.o

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240513-mm-md-v1-4-8c20e7d26842@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the 'make W=1' warning:

WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in mm/kfence/kfence_test.o

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240513-mm-md-v1-3-8c20e7d26842@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the 'make W=1' warning:

WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in mm/dmapool_test.o

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240513-mm-md-v1-2-8c20e7d26842@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "mm: add missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macros".

This fixes the instances of "WARNING: modpost: missing
MODULE_DESCRIPTION()" that I'm seeing in mm/.


This patch (of 4):

Fix the 'make W=1' warning:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in mm/hwpoison-inject.o

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240513-mm-md-v1-0-8c20e7d26842@quicinc.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240513-mm-md-v1-1-8c20e7d26842@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

x86_64 is already using the node's cpu as maximum threads.  Make that the
default for all archs setting DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT.

This returns to the behavior prior making the function arch-specific with
commit ecd09650 ("mm: make deferred init's max threads
arch-specific").

Setting DEFERRED_STRUCT_PAGE_INIT and testing on a few arm64 platforms
shows faster deferred_init_memmap completions:

|         | x13s        | SA8775p-ride | Ampere R137-P31 | Ampere HR330 |
|         | Metal, 32GB | VM, 36GB     | VM, 58GB        | Metal, 128GB |
|         | 8cpus       | 8cpus        | 8cpus           | 32cpus       |
|---------|-------------|--------------|-----------------|--------------|
| threads |  ms     (%) | ms       (%) |  ms         (%) |  ms      (%) |
|---------|-------------|--------------|-----------------|--------------|
| 1       | 108    (0%) | 72      (0%) | 224        (0%) | 324     (0%) |
| cpus    |  24  (-77%) | 36    (-50%) |  40      (-82%) |  56   (-82%) |

Michael Ellerman reported:

: On a machine here (1TB, 40 cores, 4KB pages) the existing code gives:
: 
:   [    0.500124] node 2 deferred pages initialised in 210ms
:   [    0.515790] node 3 deferred pages initialised in 230ms
:   [    0.516061] node 0 deferred pages initialised in 230ms
:   [    0.516522] node 7 deferred pages initialised in 230ms
:   [    0.516672] node 4 deferred pages initialised in 230ms
:   [    0.516798] node 6 deferred pages initialised in 230ms
:   [    0.517051] node 5 deferred pages initialised in 230ms
:   [    0.523887] node 1 deferred pages initialised in 240ms
: 
: vs with the patch:
: 
:   [    0.379613] node 0 deferred pages initialised in 90ms
:   [    0.380388] node 1 deferred pages initialised in 90ms
:   [    0.380540] node 4 deferred pages initialised in 100ms
:   [    0.390239] node 6 deferred pages initialised in 100ms
:   [    0.390249] node 2 deferred pages initialised in 100ms
:   [    0.390786] node 3 deferred pages initialised in 110ms
:   [    0.396721] node 5 deferred pages initialised in 110ms
:   [    0.397095] node 7 deferred pages initialised in 110ms
: 
: Which is a nice speedup.

[echanude@redhat.com: v3]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528185455.643227-4-echanude@redhat.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522203758.626932-4-echanude@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Eric Chanudet <echanude@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Reviewed-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Execs of dynamically linked binaries at 20-ish cores are bottlenecked on
the i_mmap_rwsem semaphore, while the biggest singular contributor is
free_pgd_range inducing the lock acquire back-to-back for all consecutive
mappings of a given file.

Tracing the count of said acquires while building the kernel shows:
[1, 2)     799579 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@|
[2, 3)          0 |                                                    |
[3, 4)       3009 |                                                    |
[4, 5)       3009 |                                                    |
[5, 6)     326442 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@                               |

So in particular there were 326442 opportunities to coalesce 5 acquires
into 1.

Doing so increases execs per second by 4% (~50k to ~52k) when running
the benchmark linked below.

The lock remains the main bottleneck, I have not looked at other spots
yet.

Bench can be found here:
http://apollo.backplane.com/DFlyMisc/doexec.c

$ cc -O2 -o shared-doexec doexec.c
$ ./shared-doexec $(nproc)

Note this particular test makes sure binaries are separate, but the
loader is shared.

Stats collected on the patched kernel (+ "noinline") with:
bpftrace -e 'kprobe:unlink_file_vma_batch_process
{ @ = lhist(((struct unlink_vma_file_batch *)arg0)->count, 0, 8, 1); }'

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240521234321.359501-1-mjguzik@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Liam R. Howlett <Liam.Howlett@oracle.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

While handling hwpoison in a THP page, it is possible that
try_to_split_thp_page() fails.  For example, when the THP page has been
RDMA pinned.  At this point, the kernel cannot isolate the poisoned THP
page, all it could do is to send a SIGBUS to the user process with
meaningful payload to give user-level recovery a chance.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524215306.2705454-6-jane.chu@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <oalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Move hwpoison_filter() higher up as there is no need to spend a lot cycles
only to find out later that the page is supposed to be skipped from
hwpoison handling.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524215306.2705454-5-jane.chu@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <oalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Added two explicit MF_MSG messages describing failure in
get_hwpoison_page.  Attemped to document the definition of various action
names, and made a few adjustment to the action_result() calls.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524215306.2705454-4-jane.chu@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <oalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

The soft hwpoison injector via madvise(MADV_HWPOISON) operates in a
synchrous way in a sense, the injector is also a process under test, and
should it have the poisoned page mapped in its address space, it should
get killed as much as in a real UE situation.  Doing so align with what
the madvise(2) man page says: " "This operation may result in the calling
process receiving a SIGBUS and the page being unmapped."

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524215306.2705454-3-jane.chu@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <oalvador@suse.de>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Enhance soft hwpoison handling and injection", v4.

This series is aimed at the following enhancements:

- Let one hwpoison injector, that is, madvise(MADV_HWPOISON) to behave
  more like as if a real UE occurred.  Because the other two injectors
  such as hwpoison-inject and the 'einj' on x86 can't, and it seems to me
  we need a better simulation to real UE scenario.
- For years, if the kernel is unable to unmap a hwpoisoned page, it send
  a SIGKILL instead of SIGBUS to prevent user process from potentially
  accessing the page again.  But in doing so, the user process also lose
  important information: vaddr, for recovery.  Fortunately, the kernel
  already has code to kill process re-accessing a hwpoisoned page, so
  remove the '!unmap_success' check.
- Right now, if a thp page under GUP longterm pin is hwpoisoned, and
  kernel cannot split the thp page, memory-failure simply ignores the UE
  and returns.  That's not ideal, it could deliver a SIGBUS with useful
  information for userspace recovery.


This patch (of 5):

For years when it comes down to kill a process due to hwpoison, a SIGBUS
is delivered only if unmap has been successful.  Otherwise, a SIGKILL is
delivered.  And the reason for that is to prevent the involved process
from accessing the hwpoisoned page again.

Since then a lot has changed, a hwpoisoned page is marked and upon being
re-accessed, the memory-failure handler invokes kill_accessing_process()
to kill the process immediately.  So let's take out the '!unmap_success'
factor and try to deliver SIGBUS if possible.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524215306.2705454-1-jane.chu@oracle.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524215306.2705454-2-jane.chu@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Jane Chu <jane.chu@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Acked-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <oalvador@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Let us simplify the code by update_mmu_tlb_range().

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522061204.117421-4-libang.li@antgroup.comSigned-off-by: Bang Li <libang.li@antgroup.com>
Reviewed-by: Lance Yang <ioworker0@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Let's make update_mmu_tlb() simply a generic wrapper around
update_mmu_tlb_range().  Only the latter can now be overridden by the
architecture.  We can now remove __HAVE_ARCH_UPDATE_MMU_TLB as well.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522061204.117421-3-libang.li@antgroup.comSigned-off-by: Bang Li <libang.li@antgroup.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Lance Yang <ioworker0@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Add update_mmu_tlb_range() to simplify code", v4.

This series of commits mainly adds the update_mmu_tlb_range() to batch
update tlb in an address range and implement update_mmu_tlb() using
update_mmu_tlb_range().

After commit 19eaf449 ("mm: thp: support allocation of anonymous
multi-size THP"), We may need to batch update tlb of a certain address
range by calling update_mmu_tlb() in a loop.  Using the
update_mmu_tlb_range(), we can simplify the code and possibly reduce the
execution of some unnecessary code in some architectures.


This patch (of 3):

Add update_mmu_tlb_range(), we can batch update tlb of an address range.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522061204.117421-1-libang.li@antgroup.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522061204.117421-2-libang.li@antgroup.comSigned-off-by: Bang Li <libang.li@antgroup.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org>
Cc: Lance Yang <ioworker0@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Post FEAT_LPA2, the Aarch64 Linux kernel extends higher address support to
4K and 16K translation granules.  To support testing this out, we need to
do away with static initialization of page size, while still maintaining
the nice array of testcases; this can be achieved by initializing and
populating the array as a stack variable, and filling in the page size and
hugepage size at runtime.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522070435.773918-3-dev.jain@arm.comSigned-off-by: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Restructure va_high_addr_switch".

The va_high_addr_switch memory selftest tests out some corner cases
related to allocation and page/hugepage faulting around the switch
boundary.  Currently, the page size and hugepage size have been statically
defined.  Post FEAT_LPA2, the Aarch64 Linux kernel adds support for 4k and
16k translation granules on higher addresses; we restructure the test to
support the same.  In addition, we avoid invocation of the binary twice,
in the shell script, to reduce test noise.


This patch (of 2):

When invoking the binary with "--run-hugetlb" flag, the testcases
involving the base page are anyways going to be run.  Therefore, remove
duplication by invoking the binary only once.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522070435.773918-1-dev.jain@arm.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522070435.773918-2-dev.jain@arm.comSigned-off-by: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Using insert_page() we might have previously ended up passing the zeropage
into rmap code.  Make sure that won't happen again.

Note that we won't check the huge zeropage for now, which might still end
up in RMAP code.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522125713.775114-4-david@redhat.comSigned-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

For now we only get the (small) zeropage mapped to user space in four
cases (excluding VM_PFNMAP mappings, such as /proc/vmstat):

(1) Read page faults in anonymous VMAs (MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON):
    do_anonymous_page() will not refcount it and map it pte_mkspecial()
(2) UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE on anonymous VMA or COW mapping of shmem
    (MAP_PRIVATE). mfill_atomic_pte_zeropage() will not refcount it and
    map it pte_mkspecial().
(3) KSM in mergeable VMA (anonymous VMA or COW mapping).
    cmp_and_merge_page() will not refcount it and map it
    pte_mkspecial().
(4) FSDAX as an optimization for holes.
    vmf_insert_mixed()->__vm_insert_mixed() might end up calling
    insert_page() without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL, refcounting the
    zeropage and not mapping it pte_mkspecial(). With
    CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL, we'll call insert_pfn() where we will
    not refcount it and map it pte_mkspecial().

In case (4), we might not have VM_MIXEDMAP set: while fs/fuse/dax.c sets
VM_MIXEDMAP, we removed it for ext4 fsdax in commit e1fb4a08 ("dax:
remove VM_MIXEDMAP for fsdax and device dax") and for XFS in commit
e1fb4a08 ("dax: remove VM_MIXEDMAP for fsdax and device dax").

Without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL and with VM_MIXEDMAP, vm_normal_page()
would currently return the zeropage.  We'll refcount the zeropage when
mapping and when unmapping.

Without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL and without VM_MIXEDMAP,
vm_normal_page() would currently refuse to return the zeropage.  So we'd
refcount it when mapping but not when unmapping it ...  do we have fsdax
without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL in practice?  Hard to tell.

Independent of that, we should never refcount the zeropage when we might
be holding that reference for a long time, because even without an
accounting imbalance we might overflow the refcount.  As there is interest
in using the zeropage also in other VM_MIXEDMAP mappings, let's add clean
support for that in the cases where it makes sense:

(A) Never refcount the zeropage when mapping it:

In insert_page(), special-case the zeropage, do not refcount it, and use
pte_mkspecial().  Don't involve insert_pfn(), adjusting insert_page()
looks cleaner than branching off to insert_pfn().

(B) Never refcount the zeropage when unmapping it:

In vm_normal_page(), also don't return the zeropage in a VM_MIXEDMAP
mapping without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL.  Add a VM_WARN_ON_ONCE()
sanity check if we'd ever return the zeropage, which could happen if
someone forgets to set pte_mkspecial() when mapping the zeropage. 
Document that.

(C) Allow the zeropage only where reasonable

s390x never wants the zeropage in some processes running legacy KVM guests
that make use of storage keys.  So disallow that.

Further, using the zeropage in COW mappings is unproblematic (just what we
do for other COW mappings), because FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE can just unshare it
and GUP with FOLL_LONGTERM would work as expected.

Similarly, mappings that can never have writable PTEs (implying no write
faults) are also not problematic, because nothing could end up mapping the
PTE writable by mistake later.  But in case we could have writable PTEs,
we'll only allow the zeropage in FSDAX VMAs, that are incompatible with
GUP and are blocked there completely.

We'll always require the zeropage to be mapped with pte_special(). 
GUP-fast will reject the zeropage that way, but GUP-slow will allow it. 
(Note that GUP does not refcount the zeropage with FOLL_PIN, because there
were issues with overflowing the refcount in the past).

Add sanity checks to can_change_pte_writable() and wp_page_reuse(), to
catch early during testing if we'd ever find a zeropage unexpectedly in
code that wants to upgrade write permissions.

Convert the BUG_ON in vm_mixed_ok() to an ordinary check and simply fail
with VM_FAULT_SIGBUS, like we do for other sanity checks.  Drop the stale
comment regarding reserved pages from insert_page().

Note that:
* we won't mess with VM_PFNMAP mappings for now. remap_pfn_range() and
  vmf_insert_pfn() would allow the zeropage in some cases and
  not refcount it.
* vmf_insert_pfn*() will reject the zeropage in VM_MIXEDMAP
  mappings and we'll leave that alone for now. People can simply use
  one of the other interfaces.
* we won't bother with the huge zeropage for now. It's never
  PTE-mapped and also GUP does not special-case it yet.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522125713.775114-3-david@redhat.comSigned-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "mm/memory: cleanly support zeropage in vm_insert_page*(),
vm_map_pages*() and vmf_insert_mixed()", v2.

There is interest in mapping zeropages via vm_insert_pages() [1] into
MAP_SHARED mappings.

For now, we only get zeropages in MAP_SHARED mappings via
vmf_insert_mixed() from FSDAX code, and I think it's a bit shaky in some
cases because we refcount the zeropage when mapping it but not necessarily
always when unmapping it ...  and we should actually never refcount it.

It's all a bit tricky, especially how zeropages in MAP_SHARED mappings
interact with GUP (FOLL_LONGTERM), mprotect(), write-faults and s390x
forbidding the shared zeropage (rewrite [2] s now upstream).

This series tries to take the careful approach of only allowing the
zeropage where it is likely safe to use (which should cover the existing
FSDAX use case and [1]), preventing that it could accidentally get mapped
writable during a write fault, mprotect() etc, and preventing issues with
FOLL_LONGTERM in the future with other users.

Tested with a patch from Vincent that uses the zeropage in context of
[1].

[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240430111354.637356-1-vdonnefort@google.com
[2] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240411161441.910170-1-david@redhat.com


This patch (of 3):

We'll now also cover the case where insert_page() is called from
__vm_insert_mixed(), which sounds like the right thing to do.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240522125713.775114-2-david@redhat.comSigned-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Vincent Donnefort <vdonnefort@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Check return value and return error/skip the tests.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240520185248.1801945-1-usama.anjum@collabora.com
Fixes: 46fd75d4 ("selftests: mm: add pagemap ioctl tests")
Signed-off-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

All users have been converted to use the folio version of these macros, we
can safely remove the page based interface.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240520224407.110062-1-sidhartha.kumar@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Sidhartha Kumar <sidhartha.kumar@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador <osalvador@suse.de>
Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Currently we use one swap_address_space for every 64M chunk to reduce lock
contention, this is like having a set of smaller swap files inside one
swap device.  But when doing swap cache look up or insert, we are still
using the offset of the whole large swap device.  This is OK for
correctness, as the offset (key) is unique.

But Xarray is specially optimized for small indexes, it creates the radix
tree levels lazily to be just enough to fit the largest key stored in one
Xarray.  So we are wasting tree nodes unnecessarily.

For 64M chunk it should only take at most 3 levels to contain everything. 
But if we are using the offset from the whole swap device, the offset
(key) value will be way beyond 64M, and so will the tree level.

Optimize this by using a new helper swap_cache_index to get a swap entry's
unique offset in its own 64M swap_address_space.

I see a ~1% performance gain in benchmark and actual workload with high
memory pressure.

Test with `time memhog 128G` inside a 8G memcg using 128G swap (ramdisk
with SWP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO dropped, tested 3 times, results are stable.  The
test result is similar but the improvement is smaller if
SWP_SYNCHRONOUS_IO is enabled, as swap out path can never skip swap
cache):

Before:
6.07user 250.74system 4:17.26elapsed 99%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 8373376maxresident)k
0inputs+0outputs (55major+33555018minor)pagefaults 0swaps

After (1.8% faster):
6.08user 246.09system 4:12.58elapsed 99%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 8373248maxresident)k
0inputs+0outputs (54major+33555027minor)pagefaults 0swaps

Similar result with MySQL and sysbench using swap:
Before:
94055.61 qps

After (0.8% faster):
94834.91 qps

Radix tree slab usage is also very slightly lower.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240521175854.96038-12-ryncsn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Reviewed-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Anna Schumaker <anna@kernel.org>
Cc: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Cc: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Cc: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Cc: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>