Commit 2f465b92 ("vmlinux.lds.h: place optional header space in BOUNDED_SECTION")

added BOUNDED_SECTION_(PRE|POST)_LABEL macros, encapsulating the basic
boilerplate to KEEP/pack records into a section, and to mark the begin
and end of the section with linker-symbols.

But it tried to do extra, adding KEEP(*(.gnu.linkonce.##_sec_)) to
optionally reserve a header record in front of the data.  It wrongly
placed the KEEP after the linker-symbol starting the section,
so if a header was added, it would wind up in the data.

Moving the KEEP to the "correct" place proved brittle, and too clever
by half.  The obvious safe fix is to remove the KEEP and restore the
plain old boilerplate.  The header can be added later, with separate
macros.

Also, the macro var-names: _s_, _e_ are nearly invisible, change them
to more obvious names: _BEGIN_, _END_

Fixes: 2f465b92 ("vmlinux.lds.h: place optional header space in BOUNDED_SECTION")
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221117171633.923628-2-jim.cromie@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Since DEFINE_RES_*() macros were converted to provide a compound literal
the user doesn't need to repeat it. Moreover, it may not be compiled.

Fixes: 52c4d11f ("resource: Convert DEFINE_RES_NAMED() to be compound literal")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221113191027.2327-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Extend recently added BOUNDED_SECTION(_name) macro by adding a
KEEP(*(.gnu.linkonce.##_name)) before the KEEP(*(_name)).

This does nothing by itself, vmlinux is the same before and after this
patch.  But if a developer adds a .gnu.linkonce.foo record, that
record is placed in the front of the section, where it can be used as
a header for the table.

The intent is to create an up-link to another organizing struct, from
where related tables can be referenced.  And since every item in a
table has a known offset from its header, that same offset can be used
to fetch records from the related tables.

By itself, this doesnt gain much, unless maybe the pattern of access
is to scan 1 or 2 fields in each fat record, but with 2 16 bit .map*
fields added, we could de-duplicate 2 related tables.

The use case here is struct _ddebug, which has 3 pointers (function,
file, module) with substantial repetition; respectively 53%, 90%, and
the module column is fully recoverable after dynamic_debug_init()
splits the table into a linked list of "module" chunks.

On a DYNAMIC_DEBUG=y kernel with 5k pr_debugs, the memory savings
should be ~100 KiB.
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221022225637.1406715-3-jim.cromie@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

vmlinux.lds.h has ~45 occurrences of this general pattern:

  __start_foo = .;
  KEEP(*(foo))
  __stop_foo = .;

Reduce this pattern to a (group of 4) macros, and use them to reduce
linecount.  This was inspired by the codetag patchset.

no functional change.

CC: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
CC: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Jim Cromie <jim.cromie@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221022225637.1406715-2-jim.cromie@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Certain files in procfs are formatted in byteorder-dependent formats.
For example the IP addresses in /proc/net/udp.

When using emulation like qemu-user, applications are not guaranteed to
be using the same byteorder as the kernel.
Therefore the kernel needs to provide a way for applications to discover
the byteorder used in API-filesystems.
Using systemcalls is not enough because these are intercepted and
translated by the emulation.

Also this makes it easier for non-compiled applications like
shellscripts to discover the byteorder.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <linux@weissschuh.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221103152407.3348-1-linux@weissschuh.netSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Currently DEFINE_RES_NAMED() can only be used to fill the static data.
In some cases it would be convenient to use it as right value in the
assignment operation. But it can't be done as is, because compiler has
no clue about the data layout. Converting it to be a compound literal
allows the above mentioned usage.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221109155618.42276-2-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Replace printk(KERN_WARNING) by pr_warn() and printk() by pr_info().

While at it, use %pa for the resource_size_t variables. With that,
for the sake of consistency, introduce a temporary variable for
the end address in iomem_map_sanity_check() like it's done in another
function in the same module.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221109155618.42276-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Not only platform devices described by OF have named interrupts, but
devices described by ACPI also have named interrupts. The fwnode is an
abstraction to different standards, and using fwnode_irq_get_byname can
support more devices.
Signed-off-by: Soha Jin <soha@lohu.info>
Tested-by: Wende Tan <twd2.me@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

When a driver registers with a bus, it will attempt to match with every
device on the bus through the __driver_attach() function. Currently, if
the bus_type.match() function encounters an error that is not
-EPROBE_DEFER, __driver_attach() will return a negative error code, which
causes the driver registration logic to stop trying to match with the
remaining devices on the bus.

This behavior is not correct; a failure while matching a driver to a
device does not mean that the driver won't be able to match and bind
with other devices on the bus. Update the logic in __driver_attach()
to reflect this.

Fixes: 656b8035 ("ARM: 8524/1: driver cohandle -EPROBE_DEFER from bus_type.match()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Saravana Kannan <saravanak@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Isaac J. Manjarres <isaacmanjarres@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220921001414.4046492-1-isaacmanjarres@google.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

strtobool() is the same as kstrtobool().
However, the latter is more used within the kernel.

In order to remove strtobool() and slightly simplify kstrtox.h, switch to
the other function name.

While at it, include the corresponding header file (<linux/kstrtox.h>)
Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/02ba683a5c0716638ad8ca11e8b0fdca97c4f294.1667336095.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.frSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Refcounts to DT nodes are only incremented in the function
and never decremented. Decrease the refcounts when necessary.
Signed-off-by: Pierre Gondois <pierre.gondois@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221026185954.991547-1-pierre.gondois@arm.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

driver_allows_async_probing is only used in drivers/base/dd.c, so mark
it static and remove the declaration in drivers/base/base.h.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221030092255.872280-1-hch@lst.deSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

There is no in-kernel user of this function, so it is not needed anymore
and can be removed.

Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221109140711.105222-2-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

There is no in-kernel user of this function, so it is not needed anymore
and can be removed.

Cc: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221109140711.105222-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The devnode() callback in struct block_device_operations should not be
modifying the device that is passed into it, so mark it as a const * and
propagate the function signature changes out into the one subsystem that
actually uses this callback.
Acked-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221109144843.679668-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The callbacks in struct class namespace() and get_ownership() do not
modify the struct device passed to them, so mark the pointer as constant
and fix up all callbacks in the kernel to have the correct function
signature.

This helps make it more obvious what calls and callbacks do, and do not,
modify structures passed to them.

Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221001165426.2690912-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Make editing corrections and updates to sysfs.rst:

- spell "sysfs" consistently (vs. "Sysfs")
- align field names in a struct
- fix some punctuation and grammar
- list more /sys top-level subdirectories
- change 'fuse.txt' to 'fuse.rst' (although I don't see where the
  example is)
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221104003921.31616-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Fix punctuation in a parenthetical phrase.
Add 2 article adjectives and change one from "an" to "a".
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221104003835.29472-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Round up allocations with kmalloc_size_roundup() so that devres's use
of ksize() is always accurate and no special handling of the memory is
needed by KASAN, UBSAN_BOUNDS, nor FORTIFY_SOURCE.

Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221018090406.never.856-kees@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Add missing devm_kstrdup_const() to devres.rst. It's introduce by
commit 09d1ea1c ("devres: provide devm_kstrdup_const()").

Fixes: 09d1ea1c ("devres: provide devm_kstrdup_const()")
Cc: Bartosz Golaszewski <brgl@bgdev.pl>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221102025534.1450337-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

If class_add_groups() returns error, the 'cp->subsys' need be
unregister, and the 'cp' need be freed.

We can not call kset_unregister() here, because the 'cls' will
be freed in callback function class_release() and it's also
freed in caller's error path, it will cause double free.

So fix this by calling kobject_del() and kfree_const(name) to
cleanup kobject. Besides, call kfree() to free the 'cp'.

Fault injection test can trigger this:

unreferenced object 0xffff888102fa8190 (size 8):
  comm "modprobe", pid 502, jiffies 4294906074 (age 49.296s)
  hex dump (first 8 bytes):
    70 6b 74 63 64 76 64 00                          pktcdvd.
  backtrace:
    [<00000000e7c7703d>] __kmalloc_track_caller+0x1ae/0x320
    [<000000005e4d70bc>] kstrdup+0x3a/0x70
    [<00000000c2e5e85a>] kstrdup_const+0x68/0x80
    [<000000000049a8c7>] kvasprintf_const+0x10b/0x190
    [<0000000029123163>] kobject_set_name_vargs+0x56/0x150
    [<00000000747219c9>] kobject_set_name+0xab/0xe0
    [<0000000005f1ea4e>] __class_register+0x15c/0x49a

unreferenced object 0xffff888037274000 (size 1024):
  comm "modprobe", pid 502, jiffies 4294906074 (age 49.296s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 40 27 37 80 88 ff ff 00 40 27 37 80 88 ff ff  .@'7.....@'7....
    00 00 00 00 ad 4e ad de ff ff ff ff 00 00 00 00  .....N..........
  backtrace:
    [<00000000151f9600>] kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x17c/0x2f0
    [<00000000ecf3dd95>] __class_register+0x86/0x49a

Fixes: ced6473e ("driver core: class: add class_groups support")
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221026082803.3458760-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Inject fault while loading module, kset_register() may fail.
If it fails, the kset.kobj.name allocated by kobject_set_name()
which must be called before a call to kset_register() may be
leaked, since refcount of kobj was set in kset_init().

To mitigate this, we free the name in kset_register() when an
error is encountered, i.e. when kset_register() returns an error.

A kset may be embedded in a larger structure which may be dynamically
allocated in callers, it needs to be freed in ktype.release() or error
path in callers, in this case, we can not call kset_put() in kset_register(),
or it will cause double free, so just call kfree_const() to free the
name and set it to NULL to avoid accessing bad pointer in callers.

With this fix, the callers don't need care about freeing the name
and may call kset_put() if kset_register() fails.
Suggested-by: Luben Tuikov <luben.tuikov@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: <luben.tuikov@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221025071549.1280528-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

container_of() casts the original type to another which leads to the loss
of the const qualifier if it is not specified in the caller-provided type.
This easily leads to container_of() returning a non-const pointer to a
const struct which the C compiler does not warn about.
Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221024111627.75183-1-sakari.ailus@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

It came in from a staging driver that has been long removed from the
tree, and there are no in-kernel users of the macro, and it's very
dubious if anyone should ever use this thing, so just remove it
entirely.
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221024123933.3331116-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Constify parameter in device_dma_supported() and device_get_dma_attr()
since they don't alter anything related to it.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221004092129.19412-6-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The device parameter is not altered in the device child node APIs,
constify them.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221004092129.19412-5-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Constify parameter in fwnode_graph_is_endpoint() since it doesn't
alter anything related to it.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221004092129.19412-4-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The fwnode and device parameters are not altered in the fwnode
connection match APIs, constify them.
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221004092129.19412-3-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

It's not fully correct to take a const parameter pointer to a struct
and return a non-const pointer to a member of that struct.

Instead, introduce a const version of the dev_fwnode() API which takes
and returns const pointers and use it where it's applicable.

With this, convert dev_fwnode() to be a macro wrapper on top of const
and non-const APIs that chooses one based on the type.
Suggested-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Fixes: aade55c8 ("device property: Add const qualifier to device_get_match_data() parameter")
Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Heikki Krogerus <heikki.krogerus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221004092129.19412-2-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

get_ktype() does not modify the structure passed to it, so mark the
parameter as being const to allow other const structures to be passed to
it in the future.

Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221021072310.3931690-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

kobject_get_path() does not modify the kobject passed to it, so make the
pointer constant.

Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221001165315.2690141-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

In kernfs_dop_revalidate() when the passed in dentry is negative the
dentry directory is checked to see if it has changed and if so the
negative dentry is discarded so it can refreshed. During this check
the dentry inode i_lock is taken to mitigate against a possible
concurrent rename.

But if it's racing with a rename, becuase the dentry is negative, it
can't be the source it must be the target and it must be going to do
a d_move() otherwise the rename will return an error.

In this case the parent dentry of the target will not change, it will
be the same over the d_move(), only the source dentry parent may change
so the inode i_lock isn't needed.

Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/166606036967.13363.9336408133975631967.stgit@donald.themaw.netSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The kernfs write lock is held when the kernfs node inode attributes
are updated. Therefore, when either kernfs_iop_getattr() or
kernfs_iop_permission() are called the kernfs node inode attributes
won't change.

Consequently concurrent kernfs_refresh_inode() calls always copy the
same values from the kernfs node.

So there's no need to take the inode i_lock to get consistent values
for generic_fillattr() and generic_permission(), the kernfs read lock
is sufficient.

Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/166606036215.13363.1288735296954908554.stgit@donald.themaw.netSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

With the changes to the driver core to make more pointers const, the USB
subsystem also needs to be modified to take a const * for the devnode
callback so that the driver core's constant pointer will also be
properly propagated.

Cc: Benjamin Tissoires <benjamin.tissoires@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Stuber <starblue@users.sourceforge.net>
Reviewed-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Pete Zaitcev <zaitcev@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221001165128.2688526-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The functions to_usb_interface(), to_usb_device, and
interface_to_usbdev() sometimes would like to take a const * and return
a const * back.  As we are doing pointer math, a call to container_of()
loses the const-ness of a pointer, so use a _Generic() macro to pick the
proper inline function to call instead.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221016104155.1260201-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

If a const * to a kobject is passed to kobj_to_dev(), we want to return
back a const * to a device as the driver core shouldn't be modifying a
constant structure.  But when dealing with container_of() the pointer
const attribute is cast away, so we need to manually handle this by
determining the type of the pointer passed in to know the type of the
pointer to pass out.

Luckily _Generic can do this type of magic, and as the kernel now
supports C11 it is availble to us to handle this type of build-time type
detection.

Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221016104126.1259809-1-gregkh@linuxfoundation.orgSigned-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Pull more random number generator updates from Jason Donenfeld:
 "This time with some large scale treewide cleanups.

  The intent of this pull is to clean up the way callers fetch random
  integers. The current rules for doing this right are:

   - If you want a secure or an insecure random u64, use get_random_u64()

   - If you want a secure or an insecure random u32, use get_random_u32()

     The old function prandom_u32() has been deprecated for a while
     now and is just a wrapper around get_random_u32(). Same for
     get_random_int().

   - If you want a secure or an insecure random u16, use get_random_u16()

   - If you want a secure or an insecure random u8, use get_random_u8()

   - If you want secure or insecure random bytes, use get_random_bytes().

     The old function prandom_bytes() has been deprecated for a while
     now and has long been a wrapper around get_random_bytes()

   - If you want a non-uniform random u32, u16, or u8 bounded by a
     certain open interval maximum, use prandom_u32_max()

     I say "non-uniform", because it doesn't do any rejection sampling
     or divisions. Hence, it stays within the prandom_*() namespace, not
     the get_random_*() namespace.

     I'm currently investigating a "uniform" function for 6.2. We'll see
     what comes of that.

  By applying these rules uniformly, we get several benefits:

   - By using prandom_u32_max() with an upper-bound that the compiler
     can prove at compile-time is ≤65536 or ≤256, internally
     get_random_u16() or get_random_u8() is used, which wastes fewer
     batched random bytes, and hence has higher throughput.

   - By using prandom_u32_max() instead of %, when the upper-bound is
     not a constant, division is still avoided, because
     prandom_u32_max() uses a faster multiplication-based trick instead.

   - By using get_random_u16() or get_random_u8() in cases where the
     return value is intended to indeed be a u16 or a u8, we waste fewer
     batched random bytes, and hence have higher throughput.

  This series was originally done by hand while I was on an airplane
  without Internet. Later, Kees and I worked on retroactively figuring
  out what could be done with Coccinelle and what had to be done
  manually, and then we split things up based on that.

  So while this touches a lot of files, the actual amount of code that's
  hand fiddled is comfortably small"

* tag 'random-6.1-rc1-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/crng/random:
  prandom: remove unused functions
  treewide: use get_random_bytes() when possible
  treewide: use get_random_u32() when possible
  treewide: use get_random_{u8,u16}() when possible, part 2
  treewide: use get_random_{u8,u16}() when possible, part 1
  treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible, part 2
  treewide: use prandom_u32_max() when possible, part 1

Merge tag 'perf-tools-for-v6.1-2-2022-10-16' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux

Pull more perf tools updates from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo:

 - Use BPF CO-RE (Compile Once, Run Everywhere) to support old kernels
   when using bperf (perf BPF based counters) with cgroups.

 - Support HiSilicon PCIe Performance Monitoring Unit (PMU), that
   monitors bandwidth, latency, bus utilization and buffer occupancy.

   Documented in Documentation/admin-guide/perf/hisi-pcie-pmu.rst.

 - User space tasks can migrate between CPUs, so when tracing selected
   CPUs, system-wide sideband is still needed, fix it in the setup of
   Intel PT on hybrid systems.

 - Fix metricgroups title message in 'perf list', it should state that
   the metrics groups are to be used with the '-M' option, not '-e'.

 - Sync the msr-index.h copy with the kernel sources, adding support for
   using "AMD64_TSC_RATIO" in filter expressions in 'perf trace' as well
   as decoding it when printing the MSR tracepoint arguments.

 - Fix program header size and alignment when generating a JIT ELF in
   'perf inject'.

 - Add multiple new Intel PT 'perf test' entries, including a jitdump
   one.

 - Fix the 'perf test' entries for 'perf stat' CSV and JSON output when
   running on PowerPC due to an invalid topology number in that arch.

 - Fix the 'perf test' for arm_coresight failures on the ARM Juno
   system.

 - Fix the 'perf test' attr entry for PERF_FORMAT_LOST, adding this
   option to the or expression expected in the intercepted
   perf_event_open() syscall.

 - Add missing condition flags ('hs', 'lo', 'vc', 'vs') for arm64 in the
   'perf annotate' asm parser.

 - Fix 'perf mem record -C' option processing, it was being chopped up
   when preparing the underlying 'perf record -e mem-events' and thus
   being ignored, requiring using '-- -C CPUs' as a workaround.

 - Improvements and tidy ups for 'perf test' shell infra.

 - Fix Intel PT information printing segfault in uClibc, where a NULL
   format was being passed to fprintf.

* tag 'perf-tools-for-v6.1-2-2022-10-16' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux: (23 commits)
  tools arch x86: Sync the msr-index.h copy with the kernel sources
  perf auxtrace arm64: Add support for parsing HiSilicon PCIe Trace packet
  perf auxtrace arm64: Add support for HiSilicon PCIe Tune and Trace device driver
  perf auxtrace arm: Refactor event list iteration in auxtrace_record__init()
  perf tests stat+json_output: Include sanity check for topology
  perf tests stat+csv_output: Include sanity check for topology
  perf intel-pt: Fix system_wide dummy event for hybrid
  perf intel-pt: Fix segfault in intel_pt_print_info() with uClibc
  perf test: Fix attr tests for PERF_FORMAT_LOST
  perf test: test_intel_pt.sh: Add 9 tests
  perf inject: Fix GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET for jit
  perf test: test_intel_pt.sh: Add jitdump test
  perf test: test_intel_pt.sh: Tidy some alignment
  perf test: test_intel_pt.sh: Print a message when skipping kernel tracing
  perf test: test_intel_pt.sh: Tidy some perf record options
  perf test: test_intel_pt.sh: Fix return checking again
  perf: Skip and warn on unknown format 'configN' attrs
  perf list: Fix metricgroups title message
  perf mem: Fix -C option behavior for perf mem record
  perf annotate: Add missing condition flags for arm64
  ...

Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-v6.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild

Pull Kbuild fixes from Masahiro Yamada:

 - Fix CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF_TOOLCHAIN_DEFAULT=y compile error for the
   combination of Clang >= 14 and GAS <= 2.35.

 - Drop vmlinux.bz2 from the rpm package as it just annoyingly increased
   the package size.

 - Fix modpost error under build environments using musl.

 - Make *.ll files keep value names for easier debugging

 - Fix single directory build

 - Prevent RISC-V from selecting the broken DWARF5 support when Clang
   and GAS are used together.

* tag 'kbuild-fixes-v6.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
  lib/Kconfig.debug: Add check for non-constant .{s,u}leb128 support to DWARF5
  kbuild: fix single directory build
  kbuild: add -fno-discard-value-names to cmd_cc_ll_c
  scripts/clang-tools: Convert clang-tidy args to list
  modpost: put modpost options before argument
  kbuild: Stop including vmlinux.bz2 in the rpm's
  Kconfig.debug: add toolchain checks for DEBUG_INFO_DWARF_TOOLCHAIN_DEFAULT
  Kconfig.debug: simplify the dependency of DEBUG_INFO_DWARF4/5