sysfs is now completely out of driver/module lifetime game.  After
deletion, a sysfs node doesn't access anything outside sysfs proper,
so there's no reason to hold onto the attribute owners.  Note that
often the wrong modules were accounted for as owners leading to
accessing removed modules.

This patch kills now unnecessary attribute->owner.  Note that with
this change, userland holding a sysfs node does not prevent the
backing module from being unloaded.

For more info regarding lifetime rule cleanup, please read the
following message.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293

(tweaked by Greg to not delete the field just yet, to make it easier to
merge things properly.)
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Cc: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This patch reimplements sysfs_drop_dentry() such that remove_dir() can
use it to drop dentry instead of using a separate mechanism.  With
this change, making directories reclaimable is much easier.

This patch used to contain fixes for two race conditions around
sd->s_dentry but that part has been separated out and included into
mainline early as commit 6aa054aa and
dd14cbc9.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Consolidate sd <-> dentry association into sysfs_attach_dentry() and
call it after dentry and inode are properly set up.  This is in
preparation of sysfs_drop_dentry() updates.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Now that sysfs_dirent can be disconnected from kobject on deletion,
there is no need to orphan each attribute files.  All [bin_]attribute
nodes are automatically orphaned when the parent node is deleted.
Kill attribute file orphaning.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs: implement sysfs_dirent active reference and immediate disconnect

Opening a sysfs node references its associated kobject, so userland
can arbitrarily prolong lifetime of a kobject which complicates
lifetime rules in drivers.  This patch implements active reference and
makes the association between kobject and sysfs immediately breakable.

Now each sysfs_dirent has two reference counts - s_count and s_active.
s_count is a regular reference count which guarantees that the
containing sysfs_dirent is accessible.  As long as s_count reference
is held, all sysfs internal fields in sysfs_dirent are accessible
including s_parent and s_name.

The newly added s_active is active reference count.  This is acquired
by invoking sysfs_get_active() and it's the caller's responsibility to
ensure sysfs_dirent itself is accessible (should be holding s_count
one way or the other).  Dereferencing sysfs_dirent to access objects
out of sysfs proper requires active reference.  This includes access
to the associated kobjects, attributes and ops.

The active references can be drained and denied by calling
sysfs_deactivate().  All active sysfs_dirents must be deactivated
after deletion but before the default reference is dropped.  This
enables immediate disconnect of sysfs nodes.  Once a sysfs_dirent is
deleted, it won't access any entity external to sysfs proper.

Because attr/bin_attr ops access both the node itself and its parent
for kobject, they need to hold active references to both.
sysfs_get/put_active_two() helpers are provided to help grabbing both
references.  Parent's is acquired first and released last.

Unlike other operations, mmapped area lingers on after mmap() is
finished and the module implement implementing it and kobj need to
stay referenced till all the mapped pages are gone.  This is
accomplished by holding one set of active references to the bin_attr
and its parent if there have been any mmap during lifetime of an
openfile.  The references are dropped when the openfile is released.

This change makes sysfs lifetime rules independent from both kobject's
and module's.  It not only fixes several race conditions caused by
sysfs not holding onto the proper module when referencing kobject, but
also helps fixing and simplifying lifetime management in driver model
and drivers by taking sysfs out of the equation.

Please read the following message for more info.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Implement bin_buffer which contains a mutex and pointer to PAGE_SIZE
buffer to properly synchronize accesses to per-openfile buffer and
prepare for immediate-kobj-disconnect.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs symlink is implemented by referencing dentry and kobject from
sysfs_dirent - symlink entry references kobject, dentry is used to
walk the tree.  This complicates object lifetimes rules and is
dangerous - for example, there is no way to tell to which module the
target of a symlink belongs and referencing that kobject can make it
linger after the module is gone.

This patch reimplements symlink using only sysfs_dirent tree.  sd for
a symlink points and holds reference to the target sysfs_dirent and
all walking is done using sysfs_dirent tree.  Simpler and safer.

Please read the following message for more info.

  http://article.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/510293Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

kobj->dentry can go away anytime unless the user controls when the
associated sysfs node is deleted.  This patch implements
kobj_sysfs_assoc_lock which protects kobj->dentry.  This will be used
to maintain kobj based API when converting sysfs to use sysfs_dirent
tree instead of dentry/kobject.

Note that this lock belongs to kobject/driver-model not sysfs.  Once
sysfs is converted to not use kobject in its interface, this can be
removed from sysfs.

This is in preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Make sd->s_element a union of sysfs_elem_{dir|symlink|attr|bin_attr}
and rename it to s_elem.  This is to achieve...

* some level of type checking : changing symlink to point to
  sysfs_dirent instead of kobject is much safer and less painful now.
* easier / standardized dereferencing
* allow sysfs_elem_* to contain more than one entry

Where possible, pointer is obtained by directly deferencing from sd
instead of going through other entities.  This reduces dependencies to
dentry, inode and kobject.  to_attr() and to_bin_attr() are unused now
and removed.

This is in preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Add s_name to sysfs_dirent.  This is to further reduce dependency to
the associated dentry.  Name is copied for directories and symlinks
but not for attributes.

Where possible, name dereferences are converted to use sd->s_name.
sysfs_symlink->link_name and sysfs_get_name() are unused now and
removed.

This change allows symlink to be implemented using sysfs_dirent tree
proper, which is the last remaining dentry-dependent sysfs walk.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Add sysfs_dirent->s_parent.  With this patch, each sd points to and
holds a reference to its parent.  This allows walking sysfs tree
without referencing sd->s_dentry which can go away anytime if the user
doesn't control when it's deleted.

sd->s_parent is initialized and parent is referenced in
sysfs_attach_dirent().  Reference to parent is released when the sd is
released, so as long as reference to a sd is held, s_parent can be
followed.

dentry walk in sysfs_readdir() is convereted to s_parent walk.

This will be used to reimplement symlink such that it uses only
sysfs_dirent tree.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Currently there are four functions to create sysfs_dirent -
__sysfs_new_dirent(), sysfs_new_dirent(), __sysfs_make_dirent() and
sysfs_make_dirent().  Other than sysfs_make_dirent(), no function has
two users if calls to implement other functions are excluded.

This patch consolidates sysfs_dirent creation functions into the
following two.

* sysfs_new_dirent() : allocate and initialize
* sysfs_attach_dirent() : attach to sysfs_dirent hierarchy and/or
			  associate with dentry

This simplifies interface and gives callers more flexibility.  This is
in preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Error handling in sysfs_rename_dir() was broken.

* When lookup_one_len() fails, 0 is returned.

* If parent inode check fails, returns with inode mutex and rename
  rwsem held.

This patch fixes the above bugs and flattens error handling such that
it's more readable and easier to modify.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Flatten cleanup paths in sysfs_add_link() and create_dir() to improve
readability and ease further changes to these functions.  This is in
preparation of object reference simplification.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Error handling in fs/sysfs/bin.c:write() was wrong because size_t
count is used to receive return value from flush_write() which is
negative on failure.

This patch updates write() such that int variable is used instead.
read() is updated the same way for consistency.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Make sysfs_put() ignore NULL sd instead of oopsing.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

sysfs used simple incrementing allocator which is not guaranteed to be
unique.  This patch makes sysfs use ida to give each sd a unique and
packed inode number.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

There is no reason this function should be inlined and soon to follow
sysfs object reference simplification will make it heavier.  Move it
to dir.c.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Implement idr based id allocator.  ida is used the same way idr is
used but lacks id -> ptr translation and thus consumes much less
memory.  struct ida_bitmap is attached as leaf nodes to idr tree which
is managed by the idr code.  Each ida_bitmap is 128bytes long and
contains slightly less than a thousand slots.

ida is more aggressive with releasing extra resources acquired using
ida_pre_get().  After every successful id allocation, ida frees one
reserved idr_layer if possible.  Reserved ida_bitmap is not freed
automatically but only one ida_bitmap is reserved and it's almost
always used right away.  Under most circumstances, ida won't hold on
to memory for too long which isn't actively used.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Separate out idr_mark_full() from sub_alloc() and make marking the
allocated slot full the responsibility of idr_get_new_above_int().

Allocation part of idr_get_new_above_int() is renamed to
idr_get_empty_slot().  New idr_get_new_above_int() allocates a slot
using the function, install the user pointer and marks it full using
idr_mark_full().

This change doesn't introduce any behavior change.  This will be
used by ida.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

In sub_alloc(), when bitmap search fails, it goes up one level to
continue search.  This is done by updating the id cursor and searching
the upper level again.  If the cursor was at the end of the upper
level, we need to go further than that.

This wasn't implemented and when that happens the part of the cursor
which indexes into the upper level wraps and sub_alloc() ends up
searching the wrong bitmap.  It allocates id which doesn't match the
actual slot.

This patch fixes this by restarting from the top if the search needs
to go higher than one level.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

This converts code of the form

	if ((error = some_func()))
		goto fixup;
to
	error = some_func();
	if (error)
		goto fixup;
Signed-off-by: Cornelia Huck <cornelia.huck@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The saved_state member of 'struct dev_pm_info' that's going to be removed
is used in arch/arm/common/locomo.c, arch/arm/common/sa1111.c and
arch/arm/mach-sa1100/neponset.c.  Change the code in there to use local
variables for saving the state of devices during suspend.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The checks if the device's parent is in the right state done in
drivers/base/power/suspend.c and drivers/base/power/resume.c serve no particular
purpose, since if the parent is in a wrong power state, the device's suspend or
resume callbacks are supposed to return an error anyway.  Moreover, they are
also useless from the sanity checking point of view, because they rely on the
code being checked to set dev->parent->power.power_state.event appropriately,
which need not happen if that code is buggy.  For these reasons they can be
removed.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The suspend routines should be called for every device during a system sleep
transition, regardless of the device's state, so that drivers can regard these
method calls as notifications that the system is about to go to sleep, rather
than as directives to put their devices into the 'off' state.

This is documented in Documentation/power/devices.txt and is already done in
the core resume code, so it seems reasonable to make the core suspend code
behave accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The prev_state member of struct dev_pm_info (defined in include/linux/pm.h) is
only used during a resume to check if the device's state before the suspend was
'off', in which case the device is not resumed.  However, in such cases the
decision whether or not to resume the device should be made on the driver level
and the resume callbacks from the device's bus and class should be executed
anyway (the may be needed for some things other than just powering on the
device).
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Every file should include the headers containing the prototypes for
it's global functions.

Since the GNU C compiler is now able to detect that the function 
prototype of devres_release_all() in the header and the actual function 
disagree regarding the return value, this patch also fixes this bug.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <htejun@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Signed-off-by: Stefan Richter <stefanr@s5r6.in-berlin.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

attribute_container.c uses DEFINE_MUTEX, so while
linux/mutex.h seems to be pulled in indirectly
by one of the headers it includes, the right thing
is to include linux/mutex.h directly.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@dev.mellanox.co.il>

Reduce code duplication in drivers/base/suspend.c by introducing a separate
function for printing diagnostic messages.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The saved_state member of struct dev_pm_info, defined in include/linux/pm.h, is
not used anywhere, so it can be removed.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The pm_parent member of struct dev_pm_info (defined in include/linux/pm.h) is
only used to check if the device's parent is in the right state while the
device is being suspended or resumed.  However, this can be done just as well
with the help of the parent pointer in struct device, so pm_parent can be
removed along with some code that handles it.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The Power Management code uses semaphores as mutexes.  Use the mutex API
instead of the (binary) semaphores.
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <matthias.kaehlcke@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The sysdev code use a semaphore as mutex.  Use the mutex API instead of the
(binary) semaphore.
Signed-off-by: Matthias Kaehlcke <matthias.kaehlcke@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

We get uevents for a bus/class going away, but not one registering.
Add the missing uevent in kset_register(), which will send an
event for a new bus/class. Suppress all unwanted uevents for bus
subdirectories like /bus/*/devices/, /bus/*/drivers/.

Now we get for module usbcore:
  add      /module/usbcore (module)
  add      /bus/usb (bus)
  add      /class/usb_host (class)
  add      /bus/usb/drivers/hub (drivers)
  add      /bus/usb/drivers/usb (drivers)
  remove   /bus/usb/drivers/usb (drivers)
  remove   /bus/usb/drivers/hub (drivers)
  remove   /class/usb_host (class)
  remove   /bus/usb (bus)
  remove   /module/usbcore (module)

instead of:
  add      /module/usbcore (module)
  add      /bus/usb/drivers/hub (drivers)
  add      /bus/usb/drivers/usb (drivers)
  remove   /bus/usb/drivers/usb (drivers)
  remove   /bus/usb/drivers/hub (drivers)
  remove   /class/usb_host (class)
  remove   /bus/usb/drivers (bus)
  remove   /bus/usb/devices (bus)
  remove   /bus/usb (bus)
  remove   /module/usbcore (module)
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

The patch below adds DMI/SMBIOS based module autoloading to the Linux
kernel. The idea is to load laptop drivers automatically (and other
drivers which cannot be autoloaded otherwise), based on the DMI system
identification information of the BIOS.

Right now most distros manually try to load all available laptop
drivers on bootup in the hope that at least one of them loads
successfully. This patch does away with all that, and uses udev to
automatically load matching drivers on the right machines.

Basically the patch just exports the DMI information that has been
parsed by the kernel anyway to userspace via a sysfs device
/sys/class/dmi/id and makes sure that proper modalias attributes are
available. Besides adding the "modalias" attribute it also adds
attributes for a few other DMI fields which might be useful for
writing udev rules.

This patch is not an attempt to export the entire DMI/SMBIOS data to
userspace. We already have "dmidecode" which parses the complete DMI
info from userspace. The purpose of this patch is machine model
identification and good udev integration.

To take advantage of DMI based module autoloading, a driver should
export one or more MODULE_ALIAS fields similar to these:

MODULE_ALIAS("dmi:*:svnMICRO-STARINT'LCO.,LTD:pnMS-1013:pvr0131*:cvnMICRO-STARINT'LCO.,LTD:ct10:*");
MODULE_ALIAS("dmi:*:svnMicro-StarInternational:pnMS-1058:pvr0581:rvnMSI:rnMS-1058:*:ct10:*");
MODULE_ALIAS("dmi:*:svnMicro-StarInternational:pnMS-1412:*:rvnMSI:rnMS-1412:*:cvnMICRO-STARINT'LCO.,LTD:ct10:*");
MODULE_ALIAS("dmi:*:svnNOTEBOOK:pnSAM2000:pvr0131*:cvnMICRO-STARINT'LCO.,LTD:ct10:*");

These lines are specific to my msi-laptop.c driver. They are basically
just a concatenation of a few carefully selected DMI fields with all
potentially bad characters stripped.

Besides laptop drivers, modules like "hdaps", the i2c modules
and the hwmon modules are good candidates for "dmi:" MODULE_ALIAS
lines.

Besides merely exporting the DMI data via sysfs the patch adds
support for a few more DMI fields. Especially the CHASSIS fields are
very useful to identify different laptop modules. The patch also adds
working MODULE_ALIAS lines to my msi-laptop.c driver.

I'd like to thank Kay Sievers for helping me to clean up this patch
for posting it on lkml.

Patch is against Linus' current GIT HEAD. Should probably apply to
older kernels as well without modification.
Signed-off-by: Lennart Poettering <mzxreary@0pointer.de>
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Implement debugfs_rename() to allow renaming files/directories in debugfs.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Here's a document to help clear things up.
Signed-off-by: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>

Add the termios2 structure ready for enabling on most platforms.  One or
two like Sparc are plain weird so have been left alone.  Most can use the
same structure as ktermios for termios2 (ie the newer ioctl uses the
structure matching the current kernel structure)
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com>
Cc: Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com>
Cc: Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Kazumoto Kojima <kkojima@rr.iij4u.or.jp>
Cc: Richard Curnow <rc@rc0.org.uk>
Cc: Miles Bader <uclinux-v850@lsi.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>