The current AP bus, AP devices and AP device drivers implementation
uses a clearly defined mapping for binding AP devices to AP device
drivers. So for example a CEX6C queue will always be bound to the
cex4queue device driver.

The Linux Device Driver model has no sensitivity for more than one
device driver eligible for one device type. If there exist more than
one drivers matching to the device type, simple all drivers are tried
consecutively.  There is no way to determine and influence the probing
order of the drivers.

With KVM there is a need to provide additional device drivers matching
to the very same type of AP devices. With a simple implementation the
KVM drivers run in competition to the regular drivers. Whichever
'wins' a device depends on build order and implementation details
within the common Linux Device Driver Model and is not
deterministic. However, a userspace process could figure out which
device should be bound to which driver and sort out the correct
binding by manipulating attributes in the sysfs.

If for security reasons a AP device must not get bound to the 'wrong'
device driver the sorting out has to be done within the Linux kernel
by the AP bus code. This patch modifies the behavior of the AP bus
for probing drivers for devices in a way that two sets of drivers are
usable. Two new bitmasks 'apmask' and 'aqmask' are used to mark a
subset of the APQN range for 'usable by the ap bus and the default
drivers' or 'not usable by the default drivers and thus available for
alternate drivers like vfio-xxx'. So an APQN which is addressed by
this masking only the default drivers will be probed. In contrary an
APQN which is not addressed by the masks will never be probed and
bound to default drivers but onny to alternate drivers.

Eventually the two masks give a way to divide the range of APQNs into
two pools: one pool of APQNs used by the AP bus and the default
drivers and thus via zcrypt drivers available to the userspace of the
system. And another pool where no zcrypt drivers are bound to and
which can be used by alternate drivers (like vfio-xxx) for their
needs. This division is hot-plug save and makes sure a APQN assigned
to an alternate driver is at no time somehow exploitable by the wrong
party.

The two masks are located in sysfs at /sys/bus/ap/apmask and
/sys/bus/ap/aqmask.  The mask syntax is exactly the same as the
already existing mask attributes in the /sys/bus/ap directory (for
example ap_usage_domain_mask and ap_control_domain_mask).

By default all APQNs belong to the ap bus and the default drivers:

  cat /sys/bus/ap/apmask
  0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
  cat /sys/bus/ap/aqmask
  0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff

The masks can be changed at boot time with the kernel command line
like this:

  ... ap.apmask=0xffff ap.aqmask=0x40

This would give these two pools:

  default drivers pool:    adapter 0 - 15, domain 1
  alternate drivers pool:  adapter 0 - 15, all but domain 1
			   adapter 16-255, all domains

The sysfs attributes for this two masks are writeable and an
administrator is able to reconfigure the assignements on the fly by
writing new mask values into.  With changing the mask(s) a revision of
the existing queue to driver bindings is done. So all APQNs which are
bound to the 'wrong' driver are reprobed via kernel function
device_reprobe() and thus the new correct driver will be assigned with
respect of the changed apmask and aqmask bits.

The mask values are bitmaps in big endian order starting with bit 0.
So adapter number 0 is the leftmost bit, mask is 0x8000... The sysfs
attributes accept 2 different formats:
- Absolute hex string starting with 0x like "0x12345678" does set
  the mask starting from left to right. If the given string is shorter
  than the mask it is padded with 0s on the right. If the string is
  longer than the mask an error comes back (EINVAL).
- '+' or '-' followed by a numerical value. Valid examples are "+1",
  "-13", "+0x41", "-0xff" and even "+0" and "-0". Only the addressed
  bit in the mask is switched on ('+') or off ('-').

This patch will also be the base for an upcoming extension to the
zcrypt drivers to be able to provide additional zcrypt device nodes
with filtering based on ap and aq masks.
Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

Code beautify by following most of the checkpatch suggestions:
 - SPDX license identifier line complains by checkpatch
 - missing space or newline complains by checkpatch
 - octal numbers for permssions complains by checkpatch
 - renaming of static sysfs functions complains by checkpatch
 - fix of block comment complains by checkpatch
 - fix printf like calls where function name instead of %s __func__
   was used
 - __packed instead of __attribute__((packed))
 - init to zero for static variables removed
 - use of DEVICE_ATTR_RO and DEVICE_ATTR_RW macros

No functional code changes or API changes!
Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

Function ap_instructions_available() had returntype int but
in fact returned 1 for true and 0 for false. Changed returntype
to bool.
Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>

For this function there are only two users, when 1) the elfcorehdr and 2)
the vmcoreinfo is allocated. However a missing vmcoreinfo is not critical
for kdump. So panicking when it cannot be allocated is not required.

Remove kzalloc_panic and adjust its callers accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

The vmcoreinfo of a crashed system is potentially fragmented. Thus the
crash kernel has an intermediate step where the vmcoreinfo is copied into a
temporary, continuous buffer in the crash kernel memory. This temporary
buffer is never freed. Free it now to prevent the memleak.

While at it replace all occurrences of "VMCOREINFO" by its corresponding
macro to prevent potential renaming issues.
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

There are two ways to pass the vmcoreinfo to the crash kernel 1) via the
os_info mechanism and 2) via the lowcore->vmcore_info field. In the Linux
kernel only the second way is used. However, the first way is ABI for
stand-alone kdump. So other OSes use it to pass additional debug info. Make
the elfcorehdr size calculation aware of both possible ways.

Fixes: 8cce437f ("s390/kdump: Fix elfcorehdr size calculation")
Signed-off-by: Philipp Rudo <prudo@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

This information was never useful and is nowadays replaced with
random data. Just get rid of it.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

Get rid of a leftover return code in arch_setup_msi_irqs.
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

During interrupt setup we allocate interrupt vectors, walk the list of msi
descriptors, and fill in the message data. Requesting more interrupts than
supported on s390 can lead to an out of bounds access.

When we restrict the number of interrupts we should also stop walking the
msi list after all supported interrupts are handled.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

During review of KVM patches it was complained that the
ap_instructions_available() function returns 0 if AP
instructions are available and -ENODEV if not. The function
acts like a boolean function to check for AP instructions
available and thus should return 0 on failure and != 0 on
success. Changed to the suggested behaviour and adapted
the one and only caller of this function which is the ap
bus core code.
Signed-off-by: Harald Freudenberger <freude@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Cornelia Huck <cohuck@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

Martin's patch 6eedfaac ("s390: reenable gcc plugins") was lost in
the merge commit 85a0b791 ("Merge branch 'for-linus' of
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux") therefore
let's enable gcc plugins again.

Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>

Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:

 - Convert content from the ext4 wiki to Documentation rst files so it
   is more likely to be updated as we add new features to ext4.

 - Add 64-bit timestamp support to ext4's superblock fields.

 - ... and the usual bug fixes and cleanups, including a Spectre gadget
   fixup and some hardening against maliciously corrupted file systems.

* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (34 commits)
  ext4: remove unneeded variable "err" in ext4_mb_release_inode_pa()
  ext4: improve code readability in ext4_iget()
  ext4: fix spectre gadget in ext4_mb_regular_allocator()
  ext4: check for NUL characters in extended attribute's name
  ext4: use ext4_warning() for sb_getblk failure
  ext4: fix race when setting the bitmap corrupted flag
  ext4: reset error code in ext4_find_entry in fallback
  ext4: handle layout changes to pinned DAX mappings
  dax: dax_layout_busy_page() warn on !exceptional
  docs: fix up the obviously obsolete bits in the new ext4 documentation
  docs: add new ext4 superblock time extension fields
  docs: create filesystem internal section
  ext4: use swap macro in mext_page_double_lock
  ext4: check allocation failure when duplicating "data" in ext4_remount()
  ext4: fix warning message in ext4_enable_quotas()
  ext4: super: extend timestamps to 40 bits
  jbd2: replace current_kernel_time64 with ktime equivalent
  ext4: use timespec64 for all inode times
  ext4: use ktime_get_real_seconds for i_dtime
  ext4: use 64-bit timestamps for mmp_time
  ...

Pull cifs updates from Steve French:
 "smb3/cifs fixes (including 8 for stable).

  Other improvements include:

   - improved tracing, improved stats

   - snapshots (previous version mounts work now over SMB3)

   - performance (compounding enabled for statfs, ~40% faster).

   - security (make it possible to build cifs.ko with insecure vers=1.0
     disabled in Kconfig)"

* tag '4.19-smb3' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6: (43 commits)
  smb3: create smb3 equivalent alias for cifs pseudo-xattrs
  smb3: allow previous versions to be mounted with snapshot= mount parm
  cifs: don't show domain= in mount output when domain is empty
  cifs: add missing support for ACLs in SMB 3.11
  smb3: enumerating snapshots was leaving part of the data off end
  cifs: update smb2_queryfs() to use compounding
  cifs: update receive_encrypted_standard to handle compounded responses
  cifs: create SMB2_open_init()/SMB2_open_free() helpers.
  cifs: add SMB2_query_info_[init|free]()
  cifs: add SMB2_close_init()/SMB2_close_free()
  smb3: display stats counters for number of slow commands
  CIFS: fix uninitialized ptr deref in smb2 signing
  smb3: Do not send SMB3 SET_INFO if nothing changed
  smb3: fix minor debug output for CONFIG_CIFS_STATS
  smb3: add tracepoint for slow responses
  cifs: add compound_send_recv()
  cifs: make smb_send_rqst take an array of requests
  cifs: update init_sg, crypt_message to take an array of rqst
  smb3: update readme to correct information about /proc/fs/cifs/Stats
  smb3: fix reset of bytes read and written stats
  ...

Pull fs iomap refactoring from Darrick Wong:
 "This is the first part of the XFS changes for 4.19.

  Christoph and Andreas coordinated some refactoring work on the iomap
  code in preparation for removing buffer heads from XFS and porting
  gfs2 to iomap. I'm sending this small pull request ahead of the main
  XFS merge to avoid holding up gfs2 unnecessarily"

* 'iomap-4.19-merge' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/xfs/xfs-linux:
  iomap: add inline data support to iomap_readpage_actor
  iomap: support direct I/O to inline data
  iomap: refactor iomap_dio_actor
  iomap: add initial support for writes without buffer heads
  iomap: add an iomap-based readpage and readpages implementation
  iomap: add private pointer to struct iomap
  iomap: add a page_done callback
  iomap: generic inline data handling
  iomap: complete partial direct I/O writes synchronously
  iomap: mark newly allocated buffer heads as new
  fs: factor out a __generic_write_end helper

Pull btrfs updates from David Sterba:
 "Mostly fixes and cleanups, nothing big, though the notable thing is
  the inserted/deleted lines delta -1124.

  User visible changes:
   - allow defrag on opened read-only files that have rw permissions;
     similar to what dedupe will allow on such files

  Core changes:
   - tree checker improvements, reported by fuzzing:
      * more checks for: block group items, essential trees
      * chunk type validation
      * mount time cross-checks that physical and logical chunks match
      * switch more error codes to EUCLEAN aka EFSCORRUPTED

  Fixes:
   - fsync corner case fixes

   - fix send failure when root has deleted files still open

   - send, fix incorrect file layout after hole punching beyond eof

   - fix races between mount and deice scan ioctl, found by fuzzing

   - fix deadlock when delayed iput is called from writeback on the same
     inode; rare but has been observed in practice, also removes code

   - fix pinned byte accounting, using the right percpu helpers; this
     should avoid some write IO inefficiency during low space conditions

   - don't remove block group that still has pinned bytes

   - reset on-disk device stats value after replace, otherwise this
     would report stale values for the new device

  Cleanups:
   - time64_t/timespec64 cleanups

   - remove remaining dead code in scrub handling NOCOW extents after
     disabling it in previous cycle

   - simplify fsync regarding ordered extents logic and remove all the
     related code

   - remove redundant arguments in order to reduce stack space
     consumption

   - remove support for V0 type of extents, not in use since 2.6.30

   - remove several unused structure members

   - fewer indirect function calls by inlining some callbacks

   - qgroup rescan timing fixes

   - vfs: iget cleanups"

* tag 'for-4.19-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux: (182 commits)
  btrfs: revert fs_devices state on error of btrfs_init_new_device
  btrfs: Exit gracefully when chunk map cannot be inserted to the tree
  btrfs: Introduce mount time chunk <-> dev extent mapping check
  btrfs: Verify that every chunk has corresponding block group at mount time
  btrfs: Check that each block group has corresponding chunk at mount time
  Btrfs: send, fix incorrect file layout after hole punching beyond eof
  btrfs: Use wrapper macro for rcu string to remove duplicate code
  btrfs: simplify btrfs_iget
  btrfs: lift make_bad_inode into btrfs_iget
  btrfs: simplify IS_ERR/PTR_ERR checks
  btrfs: btrfs_iget never returns an is_bad_inode inode
  btrfs: replace: Reset on-disk dev stats value after replace
  btrfs: extent-tree: Remove unused __btrfs_free_block_rsv
  btrfs: backref: Use ERR_CAST to return error code
  btrfs: Remove redundant btrfs_release_path from btrfs_unlink_subvol
  btrfs: Remove root parameter from btrfs_unlink_subvol
  btrfs: Remove fs_info from btrfs_add_root_ref
  btrfs: Remove fs_info from btrfs_del_root_ref
  btrfs: Remove fs_info from btrfs_del_root
  btrfs: Remove fs_info from btrfs_delete_delayed_dir_index
  ...

Pull file locking updates from Jeff Layton:
 "Just a couple of patches from Konstantin to fix /proc/locks when the
  process that set the lock has exited, and a new tracepoint for the
  flock() codepath. Also threw in mailmap entries for my addresses and a
  comment cleanup"

* tag 'locks-v4.19-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jlayton/linux:
  locks: remove misleading obsolete comment
  mailmap: remap some of my email addresses to kernel.org address
  locks: add tracepoint in flock codepath
  fs/lock: show locks taken by processes from another pidns
  fs/lock: skip lock owner pid translation in case we are in init_pid_ns

Merge branches 'work.misc' and 'work.dcache' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs

Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
 "Misc cleanups from various folks all over the place

  I expected more fs/dcache.c cleanups this cycle, so that went into a
  separate branch. Said cleanups have missed the window, so in the
  hindsight it could've gone into work.misc instead. Decided not to
  cherry-pick, thus the 'work.dcache' branch"

* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  fs: dcache: Use true and false for boolean values
  fold generic_readlink() into its only caller
  fs: shave 8 bytes off of struct inode
  fs: Add more kernel-doc to the produced documentation
  fs: Fix attr.c kernel-doc
  removed extra extern file_fdatawait_range

* 'work.dcache' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  kill dentry_update_name_case()

Pull vfs aio updates from Al Viro:
 "Christoph's aio poll, saner this time around.

  This time it's pretty much local to fs/aio.c. Hopefully race-free..."

* 'work.aio' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  aio: allow direct aio poll comletions for keyed wakeups
  aio: implement IOCB_CMD_POLL
  aio: add a iocb refcount
  timerfd: add support for keyed wakeups

Pull vfs lookup() updates from Al Viro:
 "More conversions of ->lookup() to d_splice_alias().

  Should be reasonably complete now - the only leftovers are in ceph"

* 'work.lookup' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  afs_try_auto_mntpt(): return NULL instead of ERR_PTR(-ENOENT)
  afs_lookup(): switch to d_splice_alias()
  afs: switch dynroot lookups to d_splice_alias()
  hpfs: fix an inode leak in lookup, switch to d_splice_alias()
  hostfs_lookup: switch to d_splice_alias()

Pull vfs icache updates from Al Viro:

 - NFS mkdir/open_by_handle race fix

 - analogous solution for FUSE, replacing the one currently in mainline

 - new primitive to be used when discarding halfway set up inodes on
   failed object creation; gives sane warranties re icache lookups not
   returning such doomed by still not freed inodes. A bunch of
   filesystems switched to that animal.

 - Miklos' fix for last cycle regression in iget5_locked(); -stable will
   need a slightly different variant, unfortunately.

 - misc bits and pieces around things icache-related (in adfs and jfs).

* 'work.mkdir' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  jfs: don't bother with make_bad_inode() in ialloc()
  adfs: don't put inodes into icache
  new helper: inode_fake_hash()
  vfs: don't evict uninitialized inode
  jfs: switch to discard_new_inode()
  ext2: make sure that partially set up inodes won't be returned by ext2_iget()
  udf: switch to discard_new_inode()
  ufs: switch to discard_new_inode()
  btrfs: switch to discard_new_inode()
  new primitive: discard_new_inode()
  kill d_instantiate_no_diralias()
  nfs_instantiate(): prevent multiple aliases for directory inode

Pull vfs open-related updates from Al Viro:

 - "do we need fput() or put_filp()" rules are gone - it's always fput()
   now. We keep track of that state where it belongs - in ->f_mode.

 - int *opened mess killed - in finish_open(), in ->atomic_open()
   instances and in fs/namei.c code around do_last()/lookup_open()/atomic_open().

 - alloc_file() wrappers with saner calling conventions are introduced
   (alloc_file_clone() and alloc_file_pseudo()); callers converted, with
   much simplification.

 - while we are at it, saner calling conventions for path_init() and
   link_path_walk(), simplifying things inside fs/namei.c (both on
   open-related paths and elsewhere).

* 'work.open3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (40 commits)
  few more cleanups of link_path_walk() callers
  allow link_path_walk() to take ERR_PTR()
  make path_init() unconditionally paired with terminate_walk()
  document alloc_file() changes
  make alloc_file() static
  do_shmat(): grab shp->shm_file earlier, switch to alloc_file_clone()
  new helper: alloc_file_clone()
  create_pipe_files(): switch the first allocation to alloc_file_pseudo()
  anon_inode_getfile(): switch to alloc_file_pseudo()
  hugetlb_file_setup(): switch to alloc_file_pseudo()
  ocxlflash_getfile(): switch to alloc_file_pseudo()
  cxl_getfile(): switch to alloc_file_pseudo()
  ... and switch shmem_file_setup() to alloc_file_pseudo()
  __shmem_file_setup(): reorder allocations
  new wrapper: alloc_file_pseudo()
  kill FILE_{CREATED,OPENED}
  switch atomic_open() and lookup_open() to returning 0 in all success cases
  document ->atomic_open() changes
  ->atomic_open(): return 0 in all success cases
  get rid of 'opened' in path_openat() and the helpers downstream
  ...

Merge tag 'hwmon-for-linus-v4.19-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/groeck/linux-staging

Pull hwmon updates from Guenter Roeck:

 - new driver for NPCM7xx PWM and Fan controller

 - new driver for Mellanox FAN controller

 - add support for MAX34451 to max34440 driver

 - add support for new Threadripper variants to k10temp driver

 - add error handling to adt7475 driver

 - cleanup nct6775 and nct7904 drivers

 - document sensor enable ABI attributes

* tag 'hwmon-for-linus-v4.19-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/groeck/linux-staging:
  hwmon: (adt7475) Change show functions to return error data correctly
  hwmon: (adt7475) Change update functions to add error handling
  hwmon: (adt7475) Change valid parameter to bool type
  hwmon: (adt7475) Split device update function to measure and limits
  hwmon: k10temp: Support Threadripper 2920X, 2970WX; simplify offset table
  hwmon: (k10temp) 27C Offset needed for Threadripper2
  hwmon: (iio_hwmon) Use devm functions
  hwmon: Add NPCM7xx PWM and Fan driver
  dt-binding: hwmon: Add NPCM7xx PWM and Fan controller documentation
  hwmon: (pmbus/max34440) Add support for MAX34451.
  hwmon: Document the sensor enable attribute
  hwmon: (mlxreg-fan) Add support for Mellanox FAN driver
  hwmon: Mark expected switch fall-throughs
  hwmon: (nct6775) Fix comment in the description of pwm_mode
  hwmon: (nct7904) Fix UNSPECIFIED_INT warning
  hwmon: (nct7904) Fix CODE_INDENT error
  hwmon: (nct7904) Fix SPACING errors

Pull MIPS updates from Paul Burton:
 "Here are the main MIPS changes for 4.19.

  An overview of the general architecture changes:

   - Massive DMA ops refactoring from Christoph Hellwig (huzzah for
     deleting crufty code!).

   - We introduce NT_MIPS_DSP & NT_MIPS_FP_MODE ELF notes &
     corresponding regsets to expose DSP ASE & floating point mode state
     respectively, both for live debugging & core dumps.

   - We better optimize our code by hard-coding cpu_has_* macros at
     compile time where their values are known due to the ISA revision
     that the kernel build is targeting.

   - The EJTAG exception handler now better handles SMP systems, where
     it was previously possible for CPUs to clobber a register value
     saved by another CPU.

   - Our implementation of memset() gained a couple of fixes for MIPSr6
     systems to return correct values in some cases where stores fault.

   - We now implement ioremap_wc() using the uncached-accelerated cache
     coherency attribute where supported, which is detected during boot,
     and fall back to plain uncached access where necessary. The
     MIPS-specific (and unused in tree) ioremap_uncached_accelerated() &
     ioremap_cacheable_cow() are removed.

   - The prctl(PR_SET_FP_MODE, ...) syscall is better supported for SMP
     systems by reworking the way we ensure remote CPUs that may be
     running threads within the affected process switch mode.

   - Systems using the MIPS Coherence Manager will now set the
     MIPS_IC_SNOOPS_REMOTE flag to avoid some unnecessary cache
     maintenance overhead when flushing the icache.

   - A few fixes were made for building with clang/LLVM, which now
     sucessfully builds kernels for many of our platforms.

   - Miscellaneous cleanups all over.

  And some platform-specific changes:

   - ar7 gained stubs for a few clock API functions to fix build
     failures for some drivers.

   - ath79 gained support for a few new SoCs, a few fixes & better
     gpio-keys support.

   - Ci20 now exposes its SPI bus using the spi-gpio driver.

   - The generic platform can now auto-detect a suitable value for
     PHYS_OFFSET based upon the memory map described by the device tree,
     allowing us to avoid wasting memory on page book-keeping for
     systems where RAM starts at a non-zero physical address.

   - Ingenic systems using the jz4740 platform code now link their
     vmlinuz higher to allow for kernels of a realistic size.

   - Loongson32 now builds the kernel targeting MIPSr1 rather than
     MIPSr2 to avoid CPU errata.

   - Loongson64 gains a couple of fixes, a workaround for a write
     buffering issue & support for the Loongson 3A R3.1 CPU.

   - Malta now uses the piix4-poweroff driver to handle powering down.

   - Microsemi Ocelot gained support for its SPI bus & NOR flash, its
     second MDIO bus and can now be supported by a FIT/.itb image.

   - Octeon saw a bunch of header cleanups which remove a lot of
     duplicate or unused code"

* tag 'mips_4.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mips/linux: (123 commits)
  MIPS: Remove remnants of UASM_ISA
  MIPS: netlogic: xlr: Remove erroneous check in nlm_fmn_send()
  MIPS: VDSO: Force link endianness
  MIPS: Always specify -EB or -EL when using clang
  MIPS: Use dins to simplify __write_64bit_c0_split()
  MIPS: Use read-write output operand in __write_64bit_c0_split()
  MIPS: Avoid using array as parameter to write_c0_kpgd()
  MIPS: vdso: Allow clang's --target flag in VDSO cflags
  MIPS: genvdso: Remove GOT checks
  MIPS: Remove obsolete MIPS checks for DST node "chosen@0"
  MIPS: generic: Remove input symbols from defconfig
  MIPS: Delete unused code in linux32.c
  MIPS: Remove unused sys_32_mmap2
  MIPS: Remove nabi_no_regargs
  mips: dts: mscc: enable spi and NOR flash support on ocelot PCB123
  mips: dts: mscc: Add spi on Ocelot
  MIPS: Loongson: Merge load addresses
  MIPS: Loongson: Set Loongson32 to MIPS32R1
  MIPS: mscc: ocelot: add interrupt controller properties to GPIO controller
  MIPS: generic: Select MIPS_AUTO_PFN_OFFSET
  ...

Pull parisc updates from Helge Deller:

 - parisc now uses the generic dma_noncoherent_ops implementation
   (Christoph Hellwig)

 - further memory barrier and spinlock improvements (John David Anglin)

 - prepare removal of current_text_addr() functions (Nick Desaulniers)

 - improve kernel stack unwinding on parisc (me)

 - drop ENOTSUP which was defined on parisc only (me)

* 'parisc-4.19-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
  parisc: Fix and improve kernel stack unwinding
  parisc: Remove unnecessary barriers from spinlock.h
  parisc: Remove ordered stores from syscall.S
  parisc: prefer _THIS_IP_ and _RET_IP_ statement expressions
  parisc: Add HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API feature
  parisc: Drop architecture-specific ENOTSUP define
  parisc: use generic dma_noncoherent_ops
  parisc: always use flush_kernel_dcache_range for DMA cache maintainance
  parisc: merge pcx_dma_ops and pcxl_dma_ops

Pull ARM clkdev updates from Russell King:
 "A couple of cleanups for clkdev"

* 'clkdev' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm:
  ARM: 8778/1: clkdev: don't call __of_clk_get_by_name() unnecessarily from clk_get()
  ARM: 8776/1: clkdev: Remove duplicated negative index check from __of_clk_get()

Pull ARM updates from Russell King:

 - further Spectre variant 1 fixes for user accessors.

 - kbuild cleanups (Masahiro Yamada)

 - hook up sync core functionality (Will Deacon)

 - nommu updates for hypervisor mode booting (Vladimir Murzin)

 - use compiler built-ins for fls and ffs (Nicolas Pitre)

* 'for-linus' of git://git.armlinux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm:
  ARM: spectre-v1: mitigate user accesses
  ARM: spectre-v1: use get_user() for __get_user()
  ARM: use __inttype() in get_user()
  ARM: oabi-compat: copy semops using __copy_from_user()
  ARM: vfp: use __copy_from_user() when restoring VFP state
  ARM: 8785/1: use compiler built-ins for ffs and fls
  ARM: 8784/1: NOMMU: Allow enter in Hyp mode
  ARM: 8783/1: NOMMU: Extend check for VBAR support
  ARM: 8782/1: vfp: clean up arch/arm/vfp/Makefile
  ARM: signal: copy registers using __copy_from_user()
  ARM: tcm: ensure inline stub functions are marked static
  ARM: 8779/1: add endianness option to LDFLAGS instead of LD
  ARM: 8777/1: Hook up SYNC_CORE functionality for sys_membarrier()

Pull s390 updates from Heiko Carstens:
 "Since Martin is on vacation you get the s390 pull request from me:

   - Host large page support for KVM guests. As the patches have large
     impact on arch/s390/mm/ this series goes out via both the KVM and
     the s390 tree.

   - Add an option for no compression to the "Kernel compression mode"
     menu, this will come in handy with the rework of the early boot
     code.

   - A large rework of the early boot code that will make life easier
     for KASAN and KASLR. With the rework the bootable uncompressed
     image is not generated anymore, only the bzImage is available. For
     debuggung purposes the new "no compression" option is used.

   - Re-enable the gcc plugins as the issue with the latent entropy
     plugin is solved with the early boot code rework.

   - More spectre relates changes:
      + Detect the etoken facility and remove expolines automatically.
      + Add expolines to a few more indirect branches.

   - A rewrite of the common I/O layer trace points to make them
     consumable by 'perf stat'.

   - Add support for format-3 PCI function measurement blocks.

   - Changes for the zcrypt driver:
      + Add attributes to indicate the load of cards and queues.
      + Restructure some code for the upcoming AP device support in KVM.

   - Build flags improvements in various Makefiles.

   - A few fixes for the kdump support.

   - A couple of patches for gcc 8 compile warning cleanup.

   - Cleanup s390 specific proc handlers.

   - Add s390 support to the restartable sequence self tests.

   - Some PTR_RET vs PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO cleanup.

   - Lots of bug fixes"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (107 commits)
  s390/dasd: fix hanging offline processing due to canceled worker
  s390/dasd: fix panic for failed online processing
  s390/mm: fix addressing exception after suspend/resume
  rseq/selftests: add s390 support
  s390: fix br_r1_trampoline for machines without exrl
  s390/lib: use expoline for all bcr instructions
  s390/numa: move initial setup of node_to_cpumask_map
  s390/kdump: Fix elfcorehdr size calculation
  s390/cpum_sf: save TOD clock base in SDBs for time conversion
  KVM: s390: Add huge page enablement control
  s390/mm: Add huge page gmap linking support
  s390/mm: hugetlb pages within a gmap can not be freed
  KVM: s390: Add skey emulation fault handling
  s390/mm: Add huge pmd storage key handling
  s390/mm: Clear skeys for newly mapped huge guest pmds
  s390/mm: Clear huge page storage keys on enable_skey
  s390/mm: Add huge page dirty sync support
  s390/mm: Add gmap pmd invalidation and clearing
  s390/mm: Add gmap pmd notification bit setting
  s390/mm: Add gmap pmd linking
  ...

Pull x86 timer updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Early TSC based time stamping to allow better boot time analysis.

  This comes with a general cleanup of the TSC calibration code which
  grew warts and duct taping over the years and removes 250 lines of
  code. Initiated and mostly implemented by Pavel with help from various
  folks"

* 'x86-timers-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (37 commits)
  x86/kvmclock: Mark kvm_get_preset_lpj() as __init
  x86/tsc: Consolidate init code
  sched/clock: Disable interrupts when calling generic_sched_clock_init()
  timekeeping: Prevent false warning when persistent clock is not available
  sched/clock: Close a hole in sched_clock_init()
  x86/tsc: Make use of tsc_calibrate_cpu_early()
  x86/tsc: Split native_calibrate_cpu() into early and late parts
  sched/clock: Use static key for sched_clock_running
  sched/clock: Enable sched clock early
  sched/clock: Move sched clock initialization and merge with generic clock
  x86/tsc: Use TSC as sched clock early
  x86/tsc: Initialize cyc2ns when tsc frequency is determined
  x86/tsc: Calibrate tsc only once
  ARM/time: Remove read_boot_clock64()
  s390/time: Remove read_boot_clock64()
  timekeeping: Default boot time offset to local_clock()
  timekeeping: Replace read_boot_clock64() with read_persistent_wall_and_boot_offset()
  s390/time: Add read_persistent_wall_and_boot_offset()
  x86/xen/time: Output xen sched_clock time from 0
  x86/xen/time: Initialize pv xen time in init_hypervisor_platform()
  ...

Pull x86 PTI updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "The Speck brigade sadly provides yet another large set of patches
  destroying the perfomance which we carefully built and preserved

   - PTI support for 32bit PAE. The missing counter part to the 64bit
     PTI code implemented by Joerg.

   - A set of fixes for the Global Bit mechanics for non PCID CPUs which
     were setting the Global Bit too widely and therefore possibly
     exposing interesting memory needlessly.

   - Protection against userspace-userspace SpectreRSB

   - Support for the upcoming Enhanced IBRS mode, which is preferred
     over IBRS. Unfortunately we dont know the performance impact of
     this, but it's expected to be less horrible than the IBRS
     hammering.

   - Cleanups and simplifications"

* 'x86/pti' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (60 commits)
  x86/mm/pti: Move user W+X check into pti_finalize()
  x86/relocs: Add __end_rodata_aligned to S_REL
  x86/mm/pti: Clone kernel-image on PTE level for 32 bit
  x86/mm/pti: Don't clear permissions in pti_clone_pmd()
  x86/mm/pti: Fix 32 bit PCID check
  x86/mm/init: Remove freed kernel image areas from alias mapping
  x86/mm/init: Add helper for freeing kernel image pages
  x86/mm/init: Pass unconverted symbol addresses to free_init_pages()
  mm: Allow non-direct-map arguments to free_reserved_area()
  x86/mm/pti: Clear Global bit more aggressively
  x86/speculation: Support Enhanced IBRS on future CPUs
  x86/speculation: Protect against userspace-userspace spectreRSB
  x86/kexec: Allocate 8k PGDs for PTI
  Revert "perf/core: Make sure the ring-buffer is mapped in all page-tables"
  x86/mm: Remove in_nmi() warning from vmalloc_fault()
  x86/entry/32: Check for VM86 mode in slow-path check
  perf/core: Make sure the ring-buffer is mapped in all page-tables
  x86/pti: Check the return value of pti_user_pagetable_walk_pmd()
  x86/pti: Check the return value of pti_user_pagetable_walk_p4d()
  x86/entry/32: Add debug code to check entry/exit CR3
  ...

Pull x86 vdso update from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Use LD to link the VDSO libs instead of indirecting trough CC which
  causes build failures with Clang"

* 'x86-vdso-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86: vdso: Use $LD instead of $CC to link

Pull misc x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two fixes for x86:

   - Provide a declaration for native_save_fl() which unbreaks the
     wreckage caused by making it 'extern inline'.

   - Fix the failing paravirt patching which is supposed to replace
     indirect with direct calls. The wreckage is caused by an incorrect
     clobber test"

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/paravirt: Fix spectre-v2 mitigations for paravirt guests
  x86/irqflags: Provide a declaration for native_save_fl

Pull x86 mm updates from Thomas Gleixner:

 - Make lazy TLB mode even lazier to avoid pointless switch_mm()
   operations, which reduces CPU load by 1-2% for memcache workloads

 - Small cleanups and improvements all over the place

* 'x86-mm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/mm: Remove redundant check for kmem_cache_create()
  arm/asm/tlb.h: Fix build error implicit func declaration
  x86/mm/tlb: Make clear_asid_other() static
  x86/mm/tlb: Skip atomic operations for 'init_mm' in switch_mm_irqs_off()
  x86/mm/tlb: Always use lazy TLB mode
  x86/mm/tlb: Only send page table free TLB flush to lazy TLB CPUs
  x86/mm/tlb: Make lazy TLB mode lazier
  x86/mm/tlb: Restructure switch_mm_irqs_off()
  x86/mm/tlb: Leave lazy TLB mode at page table free time
  mm: Allocate the mm_cpumask (mm->cpu_bitmap[]) dynamically based on nr_cpu_ids
  x86/mm: Add TLB purge to free pmd/pte page interfaces
  ioremap: Update pgtable free interfaces with addr
  x86/mm: Disable ioremap free page handling on x86-PAE

Pull x86 platform updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Trivial cleanups and improvements"

* 'x86-platform-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/platform/UV: Remove redundant check of p == q
  x86/platform/olpc: Use PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO()
  x86/platform/UV: Mark memblock related init code and data correctly

Pull x86 cache QoS (RDT/CAR) updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Add support for pseudo-locked cache regions.

  Cache Allocation Technology (CAT) allows on certain CPUs to isolate a
  region of cache and 'lock' it. Cache pseudo-locking builds on the fact
  that a CPU can still read and write data pre-allocated outside its
  current allocated area on cache hit. With cache pseudo-locking data
  can be preloaded into a reserved portion of cache that no application
  can fill, and from that point on will only serve cache hits. The cache
  pseudo-locked memory is made accessible to user space where an
  application can map it into its virtual address space and thus have a
  region of memory with reduced average read latency.

  The locking is not perfect and gets totally screwed by WBINDV and
  similar mechanisms, but it provides a reasonable enhancement for
  certain types of latency sensitive applications.

  The implementation extends the current CAT mechanism and provides a
  generally useful exclusive CAT mode on which it builds the extra
  pseude-locked regions"

* 'x86-cache-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (45 commits)
  x86/intel_rdt: Disable PMU access
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix possible circular lock dependency
  x86/intel_rdt: Make CPU information accessible for pseudo-locked regions
  x86/intel_rdt: Support restoration of subset of permissions
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix cleanup of plr structure on error
  x86/intel_rdt: Move pseudo_lock_region_clear()
  x86/intel_rdt: Limit C-states dynamically when pseudo-locking active
  x86/intel_rdt: Support L3 cache performance event of Broadwell
  x86/intel_rdt: More precise L2 hit/miss measurements
  x86/intel_rdt: Create character device exposing pseudo-locked region
  x86/intel_rdt: Create debugfs files for pseudo-locking testing
  x86/intel_rdt: Create resctrl debug area
  x86/intel_rdt: Ensure RDT cleanup on exit
  x86/intel_rdt: Resctrl files reflect pseudo-locked information
  x86/intel_rdt: Support creation/removal of pseudo-locked region
  x86/intel_rdt: Pseudo-lock region creation/removal core
  x86/intel_rdt: Discover supported platforms via prefetch disable bits
  x86/intel_rdt: Add utilities to test pseudo-locked region possibility
  x86/intel_rdt: Split resource group removal in two
  x86/intel_rdt: Enable entering of pseudo-locksetup mode
  ...

Pull x86/hyper-v update from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Add fast hypercall support for guest running on the Microsoft HyperV(isor)"

* 'x86-hyperv-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/hyper-v: Fix wrong merge conflict resolution
  x86/hyper-v: Check for VP_INVAL in hyperv_flush_tlb_others()
  x86/hyper-v: Check cpumask_to_vpset() return value in hyperv_flush_tlb_others_ex()
  x86/hyper-v: Trace PV IPI send
  x86/hyper-v: Use cheaper HVCALL_SEND_IPI hypercall when possible
  x86/hyper-v: Use 'fast' hypercall for HVCALL_SEND_IPI
  x86/hyper-v: Implement hv_do_fast_hypercall16
  x86/hyper-v: Use cheaper HVCALL_FLUSH_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_{LIST,SPACE} hypercalls when possible

Pull x86 dump printing cleanup from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Clean up the show_opcodes() printout so nested dumps can be properly
  differentiated"

* 'x86-debug-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86: Avoid pr_cont() in show_opcodes()

Pull x86 cpu updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two small updates for the CPU code:

   - Improve NUMA emulation

   - Add the EPT_AD CPU feature bit"

* 'x86-cpu-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/cpufeatures: Add EPT_AD feature bit
  x86/numa_emulation: Introduce uniform split capability
  x86/numa_emulation: Fix emulated-to-physical node mapping

Pull x86 cleanups from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Trival cleanups"

* 'x86-cleanups-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/iommu: Use NULL instead of 0
  x86/platform/pcspeaker: Use PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO() to fix ptr_ret.cocci warning

Pull x86 build cleanup from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Remove a stale quirk for a no longer supported GCC version"

* 'x86-build-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/build: Remove old -funit-at-a-time GCC quirk

Pull x86 asm updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "The lowlevel and ASM code updates for x86:

   - Make stack trace unwinding more reliable

   - ASM instruction updates for better code generation

   - Various cleanups"

* 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/entry/64: Add two more instruction suffixes
  x86/asm/64: Use 32-bit XOR to zero registers
  x86/build/vdso: Simplify 'cmd_vdso2c'
  x86/build/vdso: Remove unused vdso-syms.lds
  x86/stacktrace: Enable HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE for the ORC unwinder
  x86/unwind/orc: Detect the end of the stack
  x86/stacktrace: Do not fail for ORC with regs on stack
  x86/stacktrace: Clarify the reliable success paths
  x86/stacktrace: Remove STACKTRACE_DUMP_ONCE
  x86/stacktrace: Do not unwind after user regs
  x86/asm: Use CC_SET/CC_OUT in percpu_cmpxchg8b_double() to micro-optimize code generation