Pull seccomp updates from Kees Cook:
 "There are no core kernel changes here; it's entirely selftests and
  samples:

   - Improve reliability of selftests (Terry Tritton, Kees Cook)

   - Fix strict-aliasing warning in samples (Arnd Bergmann)"

* tag 'seccomp-v6.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
  samples: user-trap: fix strict-aliasing warning
  selftests/seccomp: Pin benchmark to single CPU
  selftests/seccomp: user_notification_addfd check nextfd is available
  selftests/seccomp: Change the syscall used in KILL_THREAD test
  selftests/seccomp: Handle EINVAL on unshare(CLONE_NEWPID)

Pull hardening updates from Kees Cook:
 "As is pretty normal for this tree, there are changes all over the
  place, especially for small fixes, selftest improvements, and improved
  macro usability.

  Some header changes ended up landing via this tree as they depended on
  the string header cleanups. Also, a notable set of changes is the work
  for the reintroduction of the UBSAN signed integer overflow sanitizer
  so that we can continue to make improvements on the compiler side to
  make this sanitizer a more viable future security hardening option.

  Summary:

   - string.h and related header cleanups (Tanzir Hasan, Andy
     Shevchenko)

   - VMCI memcpy() usage and struct_size() cleanups (Vasiliy Kovalev,
     Harshit Mogalapalli)

   - selftests/powerpc: Fix load_unaligned_zeropad build failure
     (Michael Ellerman)

   - hardened Kconfig fragment updates (Marco Elver, Lukas Bulwahn)

   - Handle tail call optimization better in LKDTM (Douglas Anderson)

   - Use long form types in overflow.h (Andy Shevchenko)

   - Add flags param to string_get_size() (Andy Shevchenko)

   - Add Coccinelle script for potential struct_size() use (Jacob
     Keller)

   - Fix objtool corner case under KCFI (Josh Poimboeuf)

   - Drop 13 year old backward compat CAP_SYS_ADMIN check (Jingzi Meng)

   - Add str_plural() helper (Michal Wajdeczko, Kees Cook)

   - Ignore relocations in .notes section

   - Add comments to explain how __is_constexpr() works

   - Fix m68k stack alignment expectations in stackinit Kunit test

   - Convert string selftests to KUnit

   - Add KUnit tests for fortified string functions

   - Improve reporting during fortified string warnings

   - Allow non-type arg to type_max() and type_min()

   - Allow strscpy() to be called with only 2 arguments

   - Add binary mode to leaking_addresses scanner

   - Various small cleanups to leaking_addresses scanner

   - Adding wrapping_*() arithmetic helper

   - Annotate initial signed integer wrap-around in refcount_t

   - Add explicit UBSAN section to MAINTAINERS

   - Fix UBSAN self-test warnings

   - Simplify UBSAN build via removal of CONFIG_UBSAN_SANITIZE_ALL

   - Reintroduce UBSAN's signed overflow sanitizer"

* tag 'hardening-v6.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux: (51 commits)
  selftests/powerpc: Fix load_unaligned_zeropad build failure
  string: Convert helpers selftest to KUnit
  string: Convert selftest to KUnit
  sh: Fix build with CONFIG_UBSAN=y
  compiler.h: Explain how __is_constexpr() works
  overflow: Allow non-type arg to type_max() and type_min()
  VMCI: Fix possible memcpy() run-time warning in vmci_datagram_invoke_guest_handler()
  lib/string_helpers: Add flags param to string_get_size()
  x86, relocs: Ignore relocations in .notes section
  objtool: Fix UNWIND_HINT_{SAVE,RESTORE} across basic blocks
  overflow: Use POD in check_shl_overflow()
  lib: stackinit: Adjust target string to 8 bytes for m68k
  sparc: vdso: Disable UBSAN instrumentation
  kernel.h: Move lib/cmdline.c prototypes to string.h
  leaking_addresses: Provide mechanism to scan binary files
  leaking_addresses: Ignore input device status lines
  leaking_addresses: Use File::Temp for /tmp files
  MAINTAINERS: Update LEAKING_ADDRESSES details
  fortify: Improve buffer overflow reporting
  fortify: Add KUnit tests for runtime overflows
  ...

Pull execve updates from Kees Cook:

 - Drop needless error path code in remove_arg_zero() (Li kunyu, Kees
   Cook)

 - binfmt_elf_efpic: Don't use missing interpreter's properties (Max
   Filippov)

 - Use /bin/bash for execveat selftests

* tag 'execve-v6.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
  exec: Simplify remove_arg_zero() error path
  selftests/exec: Perform script checks with /bin/bash
  exec: Delete unnecessary statements in remove_arg_zero()
  fs: binfmt_elf_efpic: don't use missing interpreter's properties

Pull pstore updates from Kees Cook:

 - Make PSTORE_RAM available by default on arm64 (Nícolas F R A Prado)

 - Allow for dynamic initialization in modular build (Guilherme G
   Piccoli)

 - Add missing allocation failure check (Kunwu Chan)

 - Avoid duplicate memory zeroing (Christophe JAILLET)

 - Avoid potential double-free during pstorefs umount

* tag 'pstore-v6.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
  pstore/zone: Don't clear memory twice
  pstore/zone: Add a null pointer check to the psz_kmsg_read
  efi: pstore: Allow dynamic initialization based on module parameter
  arm64: defconfig: Enable PSTORE_RAM
  pstore/ram: Register to module device table
  pstore: inode: Only d_invalidate() is needed

Pull nfsd updates from Chuck Lever:
 "The bulk of the patches for this release are optimizations, code
  clean-ups, and minor bug fixes.

  One new feature to mention is that NFSD administrators now have the
  ability to revoke NFSv4 open and lock state. NFSD's NFSv3 support has
  had this capability for some time.

  As always I am grateful to NFSD contributors, reviewers, and testers"

* tag 'nfsd-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cel/linux: (75 commits)
  NFSD: Clean up nfsd4_encode_replay()
  NFSD: send OP_CB_RECALL_ANY to clients when number of delegations reaches its limit
  NFSD: Document nfsd_setattr() fill-attributes behavior
  nfsd: Fix NFSv3 atomicity bugs in nfsd_setattr()
  nfsd: Fix a regression in nfsd_setattr()
  NFSD: OP_CB_RECALL_ANY should recall both read and write delegations
  NFSD: handle GETATTR conflict with write delegation
  NFSD: add support for CB_GETATTR callback
  NFSD: Document the phases of CREATE_SESSION
  NFSD: Fix the NFSv4.1 CREATE_SESSION operation
  nfsd: clean up comments over nfs4_client definition
  svcrdma: Add Write chunk WRs to the RPC's Send WR chain
  svcrdma: Post WRs for Write chunks in svc_rdma_sendto()
  svcrdma: Post the Reply chunk and Send WR together
  svcrdma: Move write_info for Reply chunks into struct svc_rdma_send_ctxt
  svcrdma: Post Send WR chain
  svcrdma: Fix retry loop in svc_rdma_send()
  svcrdma: Prevent a UAF in svc_rdma_send()
  svcrdma: Fix SQ wake-ups
  svcrdma: Increase the per-transport rw_ctx count
  ...

Pull erofs updates from Gao Xiang:
 "In this cycle, we introduce compressed inode support over fscache
  since a lot of native EROFS images are explicitly compressed so that
  EROFS over fscache can be more widely used even without Dragonfly
  Nydus [1].

  Apart from that, there are some folio conversions for compressed
  inodes available as well as a lockdep false positive fix.

  Summary:

   - Some folio conversions for compressed inodes;

   - Add compressed inode support over fscache;

   - Fix lockdep false positives of erofs_pseudo_mnt"

Link: https://nydus.dev [1]

* tag 'erofs-for-6.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xiang/erofs:
  erofs: support compressed inodes over fscache
  erofs: make iov_iter describe target buffers over fscache
  erofs: fix lockdep false positives on initializing erofs_pseudo_mnt
  erofs: refine managed cache operations to folios
  erofs: convert z_erofs_submissionqueue_endio() to folios
  erofs: convert z_erofs_fill_bio_vec() to folios
  erofs: get rid of `justfound` debugging tag
  erofs: convert z_erofs_do_read_page() to folios
  erofs: convert z_erofs_onlinepage_.* to folios

Pull fsverity update from Eric Biggers:
 "Slightly improve data verification performance by eliminating an
  unnecessary lock"

* tag 'fsverity-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fsverity/linux:
  fsverity: remove hash page spin lock

Pull fscrypt updates from Eric Biggers:
 "Fix flakiness in a test by releasing the quota synchronously when a
  key is removed, and other minor cleanups"

* tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/linux:
  fscrypt: shrink the size of struct fscrypt_inode_info slightly
  fscrypt: write CBC-CTS instead of CTS-CBC
  fscrypt: clear keyring before calling key_put()
  fscrypt: explicitly require that inode->i_blkbits be set

Pull affs update from David Sterba:
 "One change to AFFS that removes use of SLAB_MEM_SPREAD, which is going
  to be removed from MM code"

* tag 'affs-for-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux:
  affs: remove SLAB_MEM_SPREAD flag usage

Pull btrfs updates from David Sterba:
 "Mostly stabilization, refactoring and cleanup changes. There rest are
  minor performance optimizations due to caching or lock contention
  reduction and a few notable fixes.

  Performance improvements:

   - minor speedup in logging when repeatedly allocated structure is
     preallocated only once, improves latency and decreases lock
     contention

   - minor throughput increase (+6%), reduced lock contention after
     clearing delayed allocation bits, applies to several common
     workload types

   - skip full quota rescan if a new relation is added in the same
     transaction

  Fixes:

   - zstd fix for inline compressed file in subpage mode, updated
     version from the 6.8 time

   - proper qgroup inheritance ioctl parameter validation

   - more fiemap followup fixes after reduced locking done in 6.8:
      - fix race when detecting delalloc ranges

  Core changes:

   - more debugging code:
      - added assertions for a very rare crash in raid56 calculation
      - tree-checker dumps page state to give more insights into
        possible reference counting issues

   - add checksum calculation offloading sysfs knob, for now enabled
     under DEBUG only to determine a good heuristic for deciding the
     offload or synchronous, depends on various factors (block group
     profile, device speed) and is not as clear as initially thought
     (checksum type)

   - error handling improvements, added assertions

   - more page to folio conversion (defrag, truncate), cached size and
     shift

   - preparation for more fine grained locking of sectors in subpage
     mode

   - cleanups and refactoring:
      - include cleanups, forward declarations
      - pointer-to-structure helpers
      - redundant argument removals
      - removed unused code
      - slab cache updates, last use of SLAB_MEM_SPREAD removed"

* tag 'for-6.9-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kdave/linux: (114 commits)
  btrfs: reuse cloned extent buffer during fiemap to avoid re-allocations
  btrfs: fix race when detecting delalloc ranges during fiemap
  btrfs: fix off-by-one chunk length calculation at contains_pending_extent()
  btrfs: qgroup: allow quick inherit if snapshot is created and added to the same parent
  btrfs: qgroup: validate btrfs_qgroup_inherit parameter
  btrfs: include device major and minor numbers in the device scan notice
  btrfs: mark btrfs_put_caching_control() static
  btrfs: remove SLAB_MEM_SPREAD flag use
  btrfs: qgroup: always free reserved space for extent records
  btrfs: tree-checker: dump the page status if hit something wrong
  btrfs: compression: remove dead comments in btrfs_compress_heuristic()
  btrfs: subpage: make writer lock utilize bitmap
  btrfs: subpage: make reader lock utilize bitmap
  btrfs: unexport btrfs_subpage_start_writer() and btrfs_subpage_end_and_test_writer()
  btrfs: pass a valid extent map cache pointer to __get_extent_map()
  btrfs: merge btrfs_del_delalloc_inode() helpers
  btrfs: pass btrfs_device to btrfs_scratch_superblocks()
  btrfs: handle transaction commit errors in flush_reservations()
  btrfs: use KMEM_CACHE() to create btrfs_free_space cache
  btrfs: use KMEM_CACHE() to create delayed ref caches
  ...

Pull zonefs update from Damien Le Moal:

 - A single change for this cycle to convert zonefs to use the new
   mount API

* tag 'zonefs-6.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dlemoal/zonefs:
  zonefs: convert zonefs to use the new mount api

Pull asm-generic updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "Just two small updates this time:

   - A series I did to unify the definition of PAGE_SIZE through
     Kconfig, intended to help with a vdso rework that needs the
     constant but cannot include the normal kernel headers when building
     the compat VDSO on arm64 and potentially others

   - a patch from Yan Zhao to remove the pfn_to_virt() definitions from
     a couple of architectures after finding they were both incorrect
     and entirely unused"

* tag 'asm-generic-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arnd/asm-generic:
  arch: define CONFIG_PAGE_SIZE_*KB on all architectures
  arch: simplify architecture specific page size configuration
  arch: consolidate existing CONFIG_PAGE_SIZE_*KB definitions
  mm: Remove broken pfn_to_virt() on arch csky/hexagon/openrisc

Pull ARM defconfig updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "This has the usual updates to enable platform specific driver modules
  as new hardware gets supported, as well as an update to the
  virt.config fragment so we disable all newly added platforms again"

* tag 'soc-defconfig-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc: (24 commits)
  arm64: defconfig: Enable support for cbmem entries in the coreboot table
  ARM: defconfig: enable STMicroelectronics accelerometer and gyro for Exynos
  arm64: defconfig: drop ext2 filesystem and redundant ext3
  arm64: defconfig: Enable Rockchip HDMI/eDP Combo PHY
  arm64: defconfig: Enable Wave5 Video Encoder/Decoder
  arm64: config: disable new platforms in virt.config
  arm64: defconfig: Enable QCOM PBS
  arm64: deconfig: enable Goodix Berlin SPI touchscreen driver as module
  arm64: defconfig: Enable X1E80100 multimedia clock controllers configs
  arm64: defconfig: Enable GCC and interconnect for QDU1000/QRU1000
  arm64: defconfig: enable i.MX8MP ldb bridge
  arm64: defconfig: enable the vf610 gpio driver
  ARM: imx_v6_v7_defconfig: enable the vf610 gpio driver
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Add more TI Keystone support
  arm64: defconfig: enable WCD939x USBSS driver as module
  arm64: defconfig: enable audio drivers for SM8650 QRD board
  arm64: defconfig: Enable Qualcomm interconnect providers
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Enable BACKLIGHT_CLASS_DEVICE
  arm64: defconfig: Enable i.MX8QXP device drivers
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Add more TI Keystone support
  ...

Pull ARM SoC code updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "These are mostly minor updates, including a number of kerneldoc fixes
  from Randy Dunlap across multiple platforms. OMAP gets a few bugfixes,
  and the MAINTAINERS file gets updated for AMD Zynq and NXP S32G"

* tag 'soc-arm-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc: (23 commits)
  ARM: s32c: update MAINTAINERS entry
  ARM: AM33xx: PRM: Implement REBOOT_COLD
  ARM: AM33xx: PRM: Remove redundand defines
  ARM: omap1: remove duplicated 'select ARCH_OMAP'
  ARM: s3c64xx: make bus_type const
  ARM: imx: Remove usage of the deprecated ida_simple_xx() API
  ARM: OMAP2+: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ARM: OMAP2+: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ARM: OMAP2+: fix a kernel-doc warning
  ARM: OMAP2+: PRM: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ARM: OMAP2+: prm44xx: fix a kernel-doc warning
  ARM: OMAP2+: pmic-cpcap: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ARM: OMAP2+: hwmod: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ARM: OMAP2+: hwmod: remove misuse of kernel-doc
  ARM: OMAP2+: CMINST: use matching function name in kernel-doc
  ARM: OMAP2+: cm33xx: use matching function name in kernel-doc
  ARM: OMAP2+: clock: fix a function name in kernel-doc
  ARM: OMAP2+: clockdomain: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ARM: OMAP2+: am33xx-restart: fix function name in kernel-doc
  soc: xilinx: update maintainer of event manager driver
  ...

Pull ARM SoC driver updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "This is the usual mix of updates for drivers that are used on (mostly
  ARM) SoCs with no other top-level subsystem tree, including:

   - The SCMI firmware subsystem gains support for version 3.2 of the
     specification and updates to the notification code

   - Feature updates for Tegra and Qualcomm platforms for added hardware
     support

   - A number of platforms get soc_device additions for identifying
     newly added chips from Renesas, Qualcomm, Mediatek and Google

   - Trivial improvements for firmware and memory drivers amongst
     others, in particular 'const' annotations throughout multiple
     subsystems"

* tag 'soc-drivers-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc: (96 commits)
  tee: make tee_bus_type const
  soc: qcom: aoss: add missing kerneldoc for qmp members
  soc: qcom: geni-se: drop unused kerneldoc struct geni_wrapper param
  soc: qcom: spm: fix building with CONFIG_REGULATOR=n
  bus: ti-sysc: constify the struct device_type usage
  memory: stm32-fmc2-ebi: keep power domain on
  memory: stm32-fmc2-ebi: add MP25 RIF support
  memory: stm32-fmc2-ebi: add MP25 support
  memory: stm32-fmc2-ebi: check regmap_read return value
  dt-bindings: memory-controller: st,stm32: add MP25 support
  dt-bindings: bus: imx-weim: convert to YAML
  watchdog: s3c2410_wdt: use exynos_get_pmu_regmap_by_phandle() for PMU regs
  soc: samsung: exynos-pmu: Add regmap support for SoCs that protect PMU regs
  MAINTAINERS: Update SCMI entry with HWMON driver
  MAINTAINERS: samsung: gs101: match patches touching Google Tensor SoC
  memory: tegra: Fix indentation
  memory: tegra: Add BPMP and ICC info for DLA clients
  memory: tegra: Correct DLA client names
  dt-bindings: memory: renesas,rpc-if: Document R-Car V4M support
  firmware: arm_scmi: Update the supported clock protocol version
  ...

Pull SoC device tree updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "There is very little going on with new SoC support this time, all the
  new chips are variations of others that we already support, and they
  are all based on ARMv8 cores:

   - Mediatek MT7981B (Filogic 820) and MT7988A (Filogic 880) are
     networking SoCs designed to be used in wireless routers, similar to
     the already supported MT7986A (Filogic 830).

   - NXP i.MX8DXP is a variant of i.MX8QXP, with two CPU cores less.
     These are used in many embedded and industrial applications.

   - Renesas R8A779G2 (R-Car V4H ES2.0) and R8A779H0 (R-Car V4M) are
     automotive SoCs.

   - TI J722S is another automotive variant of its K3 family, related to
     the AM62 series.

  There are a total of 7 new arm32 machines and 45 arm64 ones, including

   - Two Android phones based on the old Tegra30 chip

   - Two machines using Cortex-A53 SoCs from Allwinner, a mini PC and a
     SoM development board

   - A set-top box using Amlogic Meson G12A S905X2

   - Eight embedded board using NXP i.MX6/8/9

   - Three machines using Mediatek network router chips

   - Ten Chromebooks, all based on Mediatek MT8186

   - One development board based on Mediatek MT8395 (Genio 1200)

   - Seven tablets and phones based on Qualcomm SoCs, most of them from
     Samsung.

   - A third development board for Qualcomm SM8550 (Snapdragon 8 Gen 2)

   - Three variants of the "White Hawk" board for Renesas automotive
     SoCs

   - Ten Rockchips RK35xx based machines, including NAS, Tablet, Game
     console and industrial form factors.

   - Three evaluation boards for TI K3 based SoCs

  The other changes are mainly the usual feature additions for existing
  hardware, cleanups, and dtc compile time fixes. One notable change is
  the inclusion of PowerVR SGX GPU nodes on TI SoCs"

* tag 'soc-dt-6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/soc/soc: (824 commits)
  riscv: dts: Move BUILTIN_DTB_SOURCE to common Kconfig
  riscv: dts: starfive: jh7100: fix root clock names
  ARM: dts: samsung: exynos4412: decrease memory to account for unusable region
  arm64: dts: qcom: sm8250-xiaomi-elish: set rotation
  arm64: dts: qcom: sm8650: Fix SPMI channels size
  arm64: dts: qcom: sm8550: Fix SPMI channels size
  arm64: dts: rockchip: Fix name for UART pin header on qnap-ts433
  arm: dts: marvell: clearfog-gtr-l8: align port numbers with enclosure
  arm: dts: marvell: clearfog-gtr-l8: add support for second sfp connector
  dt-bindings: soc: renesas: renesas-soc: Add pattern for gray-hawk
  dtc: Enable dtc interrupt_provider check
  arm64: dts: st: add video encoder support to stm32mp255
  arm64: dts: st: add video decoder support to stm32mp255
  ARM: dts: stm32: enable crypto accelerator on stm32mp135f-dk
  ARM: dts: stm32: enable CRC on stm32mp135f-dk
  ARM: dts: stm32: add CRC on stm32mp131
  ARM: dts: add stm32f769-disco-mb1166-reva09
  ARM: dts: stm32: add display support on stm32f769-disco
  ARM: dts: stm32: rename mmc_vcard to vcc-3v3 on stm32f769-disco
  ARM: dts: stm32: add DSI support on stm32f769
  ...

Pull m68k updates from Geert Uytterhoeven:

 - Make the Zorro bus type constant

 - defconfig updates

* tag 'm68k-for-v6.9-tag1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/geert/linux-m68k:
  m68k: defconfig: Update defconfigs for v6.8-rc1
  zorro: Make zorro_bus_type const

Pull s390 updates from Heiko Carstens:

 - Various virtual vs physical address usage fixes

 - Fix error handling in Processor Activity Instrumentation device
   driver, and export number of counters with a sysfs file

 - Allow for multiple events when Processor Activity Instrumentation
   counters are monitored in system wide sampling

 - Change multiplier and shift values of the Time-of-Day clock source to
   improve steering precision

 - Remove a couple of unneeded GFP_DMA flags from allocations

 - Disable mmap alignment if randomize_va_space is also disabled, to
   avoid a too small heap

 - Various changes to allow s390 to be compiled with LLVM=1, since
   ld.lld and llvm-objcopy will have proper s390 support witch clang 19

 - Add __uninitialized macro to Compiler Attributes. This is helpful
   with s390's FPU code where some users have up to 520 byte stack
   frames. Clearing such stack frames (if INIT_STACK_ALL_PATTERN or
   INIT_STACK_ALL_ZERO is enabled) before they are used contradicts the
   intention (performance improvement) of such code sections.

 - Convert switch_to() to an out-of-line function, and use the generic
   switch_to header file

 - Replace the usage of s390's debug feature with pr_debug() calls
   within the zcrypt device driver

 - Improve hotplug support of the Adjunct Processor device driver

 - Improve retry handling in the zcrypt device driver

 - Various changes to the in-kernel FPU code:

     - Make in-kernel FPU sections preemptible

     - Convert various larger inline assemblies and assembler files to
       C, mainly by using singe instruction inline assemblies. This
       increases readability, but also allows makes it easier to add
       proper instrumentation hooks

     - Cleanup of the header files

 - Provide fast variants of csum_partial() and
   csum_partial_copy_nocheck() based on vector instructions

 - Introduce and use a lock to synchronize accesses to zpci device data
   structures to avoid inconsistent states caused by concurrent accesses

 - Compile the kernel without -fPIE. This addresses the following
   problems if the kernel is compiled with -fPIE:

     - It uses dynamic symbols (.dynsym), for which the linker refuses
       to allow more than 64k sections. This can break features which
       use '-ffunction-sections' and '-fdata-sections', including
       kpatch-build and function granular KASLR

     - It unnecessarily uses GOT relocations, adding an extra layer of
       indirection for many memory accesses

 - Fix shared_cpu_list for CPU private L2 caches, which incorrectly were
   reported as globally shared

* tag 's390-6.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (117 commits)
  s390/tools: handle rela R_390_GOTPCDBL/R_390_GOTOFF64
  s390/cache: prevent rebuild of shared_cpu_list
  s390/crypto: remove retry loop with sleep from PAES pkey invocation
  s390/pkey: improve pkey retry behavior
  s390/zcrypt: improve zcrypt retry behavior
  s390/zcrypt: introduce retries on in-kernel send CPRB functions
  s390/ap: introduce mutex to lock the AP bus scan
  s390/ap: rework ap_scan_bus() to return true on config change
  s390/ap: clarify AP scan bus related functions and variables
  s390/ap: rearm APQNs bindings complete completion
  s390/configs: increase number of LOCKDEP_BITS
  s390/vfio-ap: handle hardware checkstop state on queue reset operation
  s390/pai: change sampling event assignment for PMU device driver
  s390/boot: fix minor comment style damages
  s390/boot: do not check for zero-termination relocation entry
  s390/boot: make type of __vmlinux_relocs_64_start|end consistent
  s390/boot: sanitize kaslr_adjust_relocs() function prototype
  s390/boot: simplify GOT handling
  s390: vmlinux.lds.S: fix .got.plt assertion
  s390/boot: workaround current 'llvm-objdump -t -j ...' behavior
  ...

Pull x86 boot updates from Ingo Molnar:

 - Continuing work by Ard Biesheuvel to improve the x86 early startup
   code, with the long-term goal to make it position independent:

      - Get rid of early accesses to global objects, either by moving
        them to the stack, deferring the access until later, or dropping
        the globals entirely

      - Move all code that runs early via the 1:1 mapping into
        .head.text, and move code that does not out of it, so that build
        time checks can be added later to ensure that no inadvertent
        absolute references were emitted into code that does not
        tolerate them

      - Remove fixup_pointer() and occurrences of __pa_symbol(), which
        rely on the compiler emitting absolute references, which is not
        guaranteed

 - Improve the early console code

 - Add early console message about ignored NMIs, so that users are at
   least warned about their existence - even if we cannot do anything
   about them

 - Improve the kexec code's kernel load address handling

 - Enable more X86S (simplified x86) bits

 - Simplify early boot GDT handling

 - Micro-optimize the boot code a bit

 - Misc cleanups

* tag 'x86-boot-2024-03-12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (22 commits)
  x86/sev: Move early startup code into .head.text section
  x86/sme: Move early SME kernel encryption handling into .head.text
  x86/boot: Move mem_encrypt= parsing to the decompressor
  efi/libstub: Add generic support for parsing mem_encrypt=
  x86/startup_64: Simplify virtual switch on primary boot
  x86/startup_64: Simplify calculation of initial page table address
  x86/startup_64: Defer assignment of 5-level paging global variables
  x86/startup_64: Simplify CR4 handling in startup code
  x86/boot: Use 32-bit XOR to clear registers
  efi/x86: Set the PE/COFF header's NX compat flag unconditionally
  x86/boot/64: Load the final kernel GDT during early boot directly, remove startup_gdt[]
  x86/boot/64: Use RIP_REL_REF() to access early_top_pgt[]
  x86/boot/64: Use RIP_REL_REF() to access early page tables
  x86/boot/64: Use RIP_REL_REF() to access '__supported_pte_mask'
  x86/boot/64: Use RIP_REL_REF() to access early_dynamic_pgts[]
  x86/boot/64: Use RIP_REL_REF() to assign 'phys_base'
  x86/boot/64: Simplify global variable accesses in GDT/IDT programming
  x86/trampoline: Bypass compat mode in trampoline_start64() if not needed
  kexec: Allocate kernel above bzImage's pref_address
  x86/boot: Add a message about ignored early NMIs
  ...

Pull x86 APIC fixup from Dave Hansen:
 "Revert VERW fixed addressing patch.

  The reverted commit is not x86/apic material and was cruft left over
  from a merge.

  I believe the sequence of events went something like this:

   - The commit in question was added to x86/urgent

   - x86/urgent was merged into x86/apic to resolve a conflict

   - The commit was zapped from x86/urgent, but *not* from x86/apic

   - x86/apic got pullled (yesterday)

  I think we need to be a bit more vigilant when zapping things to make
  sure none of the other branches are depending on the zapped material"

* tag 'x86-apic-2024-03-12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  Revert "x86/bugs: Use fixed addressing for VERW operand"

Pull x86 RFDS mitigation from Dave Hansen:
 "RFDS is a CPU vulnerability that may allow a malicious userspace to
  infer stale register values from kernel space. Kernel registers can
  have all kinds of secrets in them so the mitigation is basically to
  wait until the kernel is about to return to userspace and has user
  values in the registers. At that point there is little chance of
  kernel secrets ending up in the registers and the microarchitectural
  state can be cleared.

  This leverages some recent robustness fixes for the existing MDS
  vulnerability. Both MDS and RFDS use the VERW instruction for
  mitigation"

* tag 'rfds-for-linus-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  KVM/x86: Export RFDS_NO and RFDS_CLEAR to guests
  x86/rfds: Mitigate Register File Data Sampling (RFDS)
  Documentation/hw-vuln: Add documentation for RFDS
  x86/mmio: Disable KVM mitigation when X86_FEATURE_CLEAR_CPU_BUF is set

This was reverts commit 8009479e.

It was originally in x86/urgent, but was deemed wrong so got zapped.
But in the meantime, x86/urgent had been merged into x86/apic to
resolve a conflict.  I didn't notice the merge so didn't zap it
from x86/apic and it managed to make it up with the x86/apic
material.

The reverted commit is known to cause some KASAN problems.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>

There's a new conflict with Linus's upstream tree, because
in the following merge conflict resolution in <asm/coco.h>:

  38b334fc Merge tag 'x86_sev_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Linus has resolved the conflicting placement of 'cc_mask' better
than the original commit:

  1c811d40 x86/sev: Fix position dependent variable references in startup code

... which was also done by an internal merge resolution:

  2e5fc478 Merge branch 'x86/sev' into x86/boot, to resolve conflicts and to pick up dependent tree

But Linus is right in 38b334fc, the 'cc_mask' declaration is sufficient
within the #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_CC_PLATFORM block.

So instead of forcing Linus to do the same resolution again, merge in Linus's
tree and follow his conflict resolution.

 Conflicts:
	arch/x86/include/asm/coco.h
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Pull x86 tdx update from Dave Hansen:

 - Fix sparse warning from TDX use of movdir64b()

* tag 'x86_tdx_for_6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/asm: Remove the __iomem annotation of movdir64b()'s dst argument

Pull x86 mm updates from Dave Hansen:

 - Add a warning when memory encryption conversions fail. These
   operations require VMM cooperation, even in CoCo environments where
   the VMM is untrusted. While it's _possible_ that memory pressure
   could trigger the new warning, the odds are that a guest would only
   see this from an attacking VMM.

 - Simplify page fault code by re-enabling interrupts unconditionally

 - Avoid truncation issues when pfns are passed in to pfn_to_kaddr()
   with small (<64-bit) types.

* tag 'x86_mm_for_6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/mm/cpa: Warn for set_memory_XXcrypted() VMM fails
  x86/mm: Get rid of conditional IF flag handling in page fault path
  x86/mm: Ensure input to pfn_to_kaddr() is treated as a 64-bit type

Pull core x86 updates from Ingo Molnar:

 - The biggest change is the rework of the percpu code, to support the
   'Named Address Spaces' GCC feature, by Uros Bizjak:

      - This allows C code to access GS and FS segment relative memory
        via variables declared with such attributes, which allows the
        compiler to better optimize those accesses than the previous
        inline assembly code.

      - The series also includes a number of micro-optimizations for
        various percpu access methods, plus a number of cleanups of %gs
        accesses in assembly code.

      - These changes have been exposed to linux-next testing for the
        last ~5 months, with no known regressions in this area.

 - Fix/clean up __switch_to()'s broken but accidentally working handling
   of FPU switching - which also generates better code

 - Propagate more RIP-relative addressing in assembly code, to generate
   slightly better code

 - Rework the CPU mitigations Kconfig space to be less idiosyncratic, to
   make it easier for distros to follow & maintain these options

 - Rework the x86 idle code to cure RCU violations and to clean up the
   logic

 - Clean up the vDSO Makefile logic

 - Misc cleanups and fixes

* tag 'x86-core-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (52 commits)
  x86/idle: Select idle routine only once
  x86/idle: Let prefer_mwait_c1_over_halt() return bool
  x86/idle: Cleanup idle_setup()
  x86/idle: Clean up idle selection
  x86/idle: Sanitize X86_BUG_AMD_E400 handling
  sched/idle: Conditionally handle tick broadcast in default_idle_call()
  x86: Increase brk randomness entropy for 64-bit systems
  x86/vdso: Move vDSO to mmap region
  x86/vdso/kbuild: Group non-standard build attributes and primary object file rules together
  x86/vdso: Fix rethunk patching for vdso-image-{32,64}.o
  x86/retpoline: Ensure default return thunk isn't used at runtime
  x86/vdso: Use CONFIG_COMPAT_32 to specify vdso32
  x86/vdso: Use $(addprefix ) instead of $(foreach )
  x86/vdso: Simplify obj-y addition
  x86/vdso: Consolidate targets and clean-files
  x86/bugs: Rename CONFIG_RETHUNK              => CONFIG_MITIGATION_RETHUNK
  x86/bugs: Rename CONFIG_CPU_SRSO             => CONFIG_MITIGATION_SRSO
  x86/bugs: Rename CONFIG_CPU_IBRS_ENTRY       => CONFIG_MITIGATION_IBRS_ENTRY
  x86/bugs: Rename CONFIG_CPU_UNRET_ENTRY      => CONFIG_MITIGATION_UNRET_ENTRY
  x86/bugs: Rename CONFIG_SLS                  => CONFIG_MITIGATION_SLS
  ...

Pull x86 cleanups from Ingo Molnar:
 "Misc cleanups, including a large series from Thomas Gleixner to cure
  sparse warnings"

* tag 'x86-cleanups-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/nmi: Drop unused declaration of proc_nmi_enabled()
  x86/callthunks: Use EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL_GPL() for per CPU variables
  x86/cpu: Provide a declaration for itlb_multihit_kvm_mitigation
  x86/cpu: Use EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL_GPL() for x86_spec_ctrl_current
  x86/uaccess: Add missing __force to casts in __access_ok() and valid_user_address()
  x86/percpu: Cure per CPU madness on UP
  smp: Consolidate smp_prepare_boot_cpu()
  x86/msr: Add missing __percpu annotations
  x86/msr: Prepare for including <linux/percpu.h> into <asm/msr.h>
  perf/x86/amd/uncore: Fix __percpu annotation
  x86/nmi: Remove an unnecessary IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP)
  x86/apm_32: Remove dead function apm_get_battery_status()
  x86/insn-eval: Fix function param name in get_eff_addr_sib()

Pull x86 build updates from Ingo Molnar:

 - Reduce <asm/bootparam.h> dependencies

 - Simplify <asm/efi.h>

 - Unify *_setup_data definitions into <asm/setup_data.h>

 - Reduce the size of <asm/bootparam.h>

* tag 'x86-build-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86: Do not include <asm/bootparam.h> in several files
  x86/efi: Implement arch_ima_efi_boot_mode() in source file
  x86/setup: Move internal setup_data structures into setup_data.h
  x86/setup: Move UAPI setup structures into setup_data.h

Pull x86 asm updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "Two changes to simplify the x86 decoder logic a bit"

* tag 'x86-asm-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/insn: Directly assign x86_64 state in insn_init()
  x86/insn: Remove superfluous checks from instruction decoding routines

Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:

 - Fix inconsistency in misfit task load-balancing

 - Fix CPU isolation bugs in the task-wakeup logic

 - Rework and unify the sched_use_asym_prio() and sched_asym_prefer()
   logic

 - Clean up and simplify ->avg_* accesses

 - Misc cleanups and fixes

* tag 'sched-core-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/topology: Rename SD_SHARE_PKG_RESOURCES to SD_SHARE_LLC
  sched/fair: Check the SD_ASYM_PACKING flag in sched_use_asym_prio()
  sched/fair: Rework sched_use_asym_prio() and sched_asym_prefer()
  sched/fair: Remove unused parameter from sched_asym()
  sched/topology: Remove duplicate descriptions from TOPOLOGY_SD_FLAGS
  sched/fair: Simplify the update_sd_pick_busiest() logic
  sched/fair: Do strict inequality check for busiest misfit task group
  sched/fair: Remove unnecessary goto in update_sd_lb_stats()
  sched/fair: Take the scheduling domain into account in select_idle_core()
  sched/fair: Take the scheduling domain into account in select_idle_smt()
  sched/fair: Add READ_ONCE() and use existing helper function to access ->avg_irq
  sched/fair: Use existing helper functions to access ->avg_rt and ->avg_dl
  sched/core: Simplify code by removing duplicate #ifdefs

Pull locking updates from Ingo Molnar:

 - Micro-optimize local_xchg() and the rtmutex code on x86

 - Fix percpu-rwsem contention tracepoints

 - Simplify debugging Kconfig dependencies

 - Update/clarify the documentation of atomic primitives

 - Misc cleanups

* tag 'locking-core-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  locking/rtmutex: Use try_cmpxchg_relaxed() in mark_rt_mutex_waiters()
  locking/x86: Implement local_xchg() using CMPXCHG without the LOCK prefix
  locking/percpu-rwsem: Trigger contention tracepoints only if contended
  locking/rwsem: Make DEBUG_RWSEMS and PREEMPT_RT mutually exclusive
  locking/rwsem: Clarify that RWSEM_READER_OWNED is just a hint
  locking/mutex: Simplify <linux/mutex.h>
  locking/qspinlock: Fix 'wait_early' set but not used warning
  locking/atomic: scripts: Clarify ordering of conditional atomics

Pull EDAC updates from Borislav Petkov:

 - Add a FRU (Field Replaceable Unit) memory poison manager which
   collects and manages previously encountered hw errors in order to
   save them to persistent storage across reboots. Previously recorded
   errors are "replayed" upon reboot in order to poison memory which has
   caused said errors in the past.

   The main use case is stacked, on-chip memory which cannot simply be
   replaced so poisoning faulty areas of it and thus making them
   inaccessible is the only strategy to prolong its lifetime.

 - Add an AMD address translation library glue which converts the
   reported addresses of hw errors into system physical addresses in
   order to be used by other subsystems like memory failure, for
   example. Add support for MI300 accelerators to that library.

 - igen6: Add support for Alder Lake-N SoC

 - i10nm: Add Grand Ridge support

 - The usual fixlets and cleanups

* tag 'edac_updates_for_v6.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ras/ras:
  EDAC/versal: Convert to platform remove callback returning void
  RAS/AMD/FMPM: Fix off by one when unwinding on error
  RAS/AMD/FMPM: Add debugfs interface to print record entries
  RAS/AMD/FMPM: Save SPA values
  RAS: Export helper to get ras_debugfs_dir
  RAS/AMD/ATL: Fix bit overflow in denorm_addr_df4_np2()
  RAS: Introduce a FRU memory poison manager
  RAS/AMD/ATL: Add MI300 row retirement support
  Documentation: Move RAS section to admin-guide
  EDAC/versal: Make the bit position of injected errors configurable
  EDAC/i10nm: Add Intel Grand Ridge micro-server support
  EDAC/igen6: Add one more Intel Alder Lake-N SoC support
  RAS/AMD/ATL: Add MI300 DRAM to normalized address translation support
  RAS/AMD/ATL: Fix array overflow in get_logical_coh_st_fabric_id_mi300()
  RAS/AMD/ATL: Add MI300 support
  Documentation: RAS: Add index and address translation section
  EDAC/amd64: Use new AMD Address Translation Library
  RAS: Introduce AMD Address Translation Library
  EDAC/synopsys: Convert to devm_platform_ioremap_resource()

Pull misc x86 fixes from Borislav Petkov:

 - Fix a wrong check in the function reporting whether a CPU executes
   (or not) a NMI handler

 - Ratelimit unknown NMIs messages in order to not potentially slow down
   the machine

 - Other fixlets

* tag 'x86_misc_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/nmi: Fix the inverse "in NMI handler" check
  Documentation/maintainer-tip: Add C++ tail comments exception
  Documentation/maintainer-tip: Add Closes tag
  x86/nmi: Rate limit unknown NMI messages
  Documentation/kernel-parameters: Add spec_rstack_overflow to mitigations=off

Pull x86 SEV updates from Borislav Petkov:

 - Add the x86 part of the SEV-SNP host support.

   This will allow the kernel to be used as a KVM hypervisor capable of
   running SNP (Secure Nested Paging) guests. Roughly speaking, SEV-SNP
   is the ultimate goal of the AMD confidential computing side,
   providing the most comprehensive confidential computing environment
   up to date.

   This is the x86 part and there is a KVM part which did not get ready
   in time for the merge window so latter will be forthcoming in the
   next cycle.

 - Rework the early code's position-dependent SEV variable references in
   order to allow building the kernel with clang and -fPIE/-fPIC and
   -mcmodel=kernel

 - The usual set of fixes, cleanups and improvements all over the place

* tag 'x86_sev_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (36 commits)
  x86/sev: Disable KMSAN for memory encryption TUs
  x86/sev: Dump SEV_STATUS
  crypto: ccp - Have it depend on AMD_IOMMU
  iommu/amd: Fix failure return from snp_lookup_rmpentry()
  x86/sev: Fix position dependent variable references in startup code
  crypto: ccp: Make snp_range_list static
  x86/Kconfig: Remove CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT_ACTIVE_BY_DEFAULT
  Documentation: virt: Fix up pre-formatted text block for SEV ioctls
  crypto: ccp: Add the SNP_SET_CONFIG command
  crypto: ccp: Add the SNP_COMMIT command
  crypto: ccp: Add the SNP_PLATFORM_STATUS command
  x86/cpufeatures: Enable/unmask SEV-SNP CPU feature
  KVM: SEV: Make AVIC backing, VMSA and VMCB memory allocation SNP safe
  crypto: ccp: Add panic notifier for SEV/SNP firmware shutdown on kdump
  iommu/amd: Clean up RMP entries for IOMMU pages during SNP shutdown
  crypto: ccp: Handle legacy SEV commands when SNP is enabled
  crypto: ccp: Handle non-volatile INIT_EX data when SNP is enabled
  crypto: ccp: Handle the legacy TMR allocation when SNP is enabled
  x86/sev: Introduce an SNP leaked pages list
  crypto: ccp: Provide an API to issue SEV and SNP commands
  ...

Pull resource control updates from Borislav Petkov:

 - Rework different aspects of the resctrl code like adding
   arch-specific accessors and splitting the locking, in order to
   accomodate ARM's MPAM implementation of hw resource control and be
   able to use the same filesystem control interface like on x86. Work
   by James Morse

 - Improve the memory bandwidth throttling heuristic to handle workloads
   with not too regular load levels which end up penalized unnecessarily

 - Use CPUID to detect the memory bandwidth enforcement limit on AMD

 - The usual set of fixes

* tag 'x86_cache_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (30 commits)
  x86/resctrl: Remove lockdep annotation that triggers false positive
  x86/resctrl: Separate arch and fs resctrl locks
  x86/resctrl: Move domain helper migration into resctrl_offline_cpu()
  x86/resctrl: Add CPU offline callback for resctrl work
  x86/resctrl: Allow overflow/limbo handlers to be scheduled on any-but CPU
  x86/resctrl: Add CPU online callback for resctrl work
  x86/resctrl: Add helpers for system wide mon/alloc capable
  x86/resctrl: Make rdt_enable_key the arch's decision to switch
  x86/resctrl: Move alloc/mon static keys into helpers
  x86/resctrl: Make resctrl_mounted checks explicit
  x86/resctrl: Allow arch to allocate memory needed in resctrl_arch_rmid_read()
  x86/resctrl: Allow resctrl_arch_rmid_read() to sleep
  x86/resctrl: Queue mon_event_read() instead of sending an IPI
  x86/resctrl: Add cpumask_any_housekeeping() for limbo/overflow
  x86/resctrl: Move CLOSID/RMID matching and setting to use helpers
  x86/resctrl: Allocate the cleanest CLOSID by searching closid_num_dirty_rmid
  x86/resctrl: Use __set_bit()/__clear_bit() instead of open coding
  x86/resctrl: Track the number of dirty RMID a CLOSID has
  x86/resctrl: Allow RMID allocation to be scoped by CLOSID
  x86/resctrl: Access per-rmid structures by index
  ...

Pull x86 MTRR update from Borislav Petkov:

 - Relax the PAT MSR programming which was unnecessarily using the MTRR
   programming protocol of disabling the cache around the changes. The
   reason behind this is the current algorithm triggering a #VE
   exception for TDX guests and unnecessarily complicating things

* tag 'x86_mtrr_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/pat: Simplify the PAT programming protocol

Pull x86 cpu update from Borislav Petkov:

 - Have AMD Zen common init code run on all families from Zen1 onwards
   in order to save some future enablement effort

* tag 'x86_cpu_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/CPU/AMD: Do the common init on future Zens too

Pull RAS fixlet from Borislav Petkov:

 - Constify yet another static struct bus_type instance now that the
   driver core can handle that

* tag 'ras_core_for_v6.9_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/mce: Make mce_subsys const

This reverts commit 8e0ef412.

It's broken, and causes the boot to fail on encrypted volumes.
Reported-and-bisected-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240311235023.GA1205@cmpxchg.org/Acked-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull x86 entry update from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A single update for the x86 entry code:

  The current CR3 handling for kernel page table isolation in the
  paranoid return paths which are relevant for #NMI, #MCE, #VC, #DB and
  #DF is unconditionally writing CR3 with the value retrieved on
  exception entry.

  In the vast majority of cases when returning to the kernel this is a
  pointless exercise because CR3 was not modified on exception entry.
  The only situation where this is necessary is when the exception
  interrupts a entry from user before switching to kernel CR3 or
  interrupts an exit to user after switching back to user CR3.

  As CR3 writes can be expensive on some systems this becomes measurable
  overhead with high frequency #NMIs such as perf.

  Avoid this overhead by checking the CR3 value, which was saved on
  entry, and write it back to CR3 only when it is a user CR3"

* tag 'x86-entry-2024-03-11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/entry: Avoid redundant CR3 write on paranoid returns