looking for duplicate ->iov_base makes sense only for
iovec-backed iterators; for kvec-backed ones it's pointless,
for bvec-backed ones it's pointless and broken on 32bit (we
walk through an array of struct bio_vec accessing them as if
they were struct iovec; works by accident on 64bit, but on
32bit it'll blow up) and for pipe-backed ones it's pointless
and ends up oopsing.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

by making sure we call iov_iter_advance() on original
iov_iter even if direct_IO (done on its copy) has returned 0.
It's a no-op for old iov_iter flavours and does the right thing
(== truncation of the stuff we'd allocated, but not filled) in
ITER_PIPE case.  Failures (e.g. -EIO) get caught and dealt with
by cleanup in generic_file_read_iter().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Map and unmap ops no longer exist.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

to hell with actors...
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

we only use iov_iter_get_pages_alloc() and iov_iter_advance() -
pages are filled by kernel_readv() via a kvec array (as we used
to do all along), so iov_iter here is used only as a way of
arranging for those pages to be in pipe.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

... and kill the ->splice_read() instances that can be switched to it
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

iov_iter variant for passing data into pipe.  copy_to_iter()
copies data into page(s) it has allocated and stuffs them into
the pipe; copy_page_to_iter() stuffs there a reference to the
page given to it.  Both will try to coalesce if possible.
iov_iter_zero() is similar to copy_to_iter(); iov_iter_get_pages()
and friends will do as copy_to_iter() would have and return the
pages where the data would've been copied.  iov_iter_advance()
will truncate everything past the spot it has advanced to.

New primitive: iov_iter_pipe(), used for initializing those.
pipe should be locked all along.

Running out of space acts as fault would for iovec-backed ones;
in other words, giving it to ->read_iter() may result in short
read if the pipe overflows, or -EFAULT if it happens with nothing
copied there.

In other words, ->read_iter() on those acts pretty much like
->splice_read().  Moreover, all generic_file_splice_read() users,
as well as many other ->splice_read() instances can be switched
to that scheme - that'll happen in the next commit.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

since pipe_lock is the outermost now, we don't need to drop/regain
socket locks around the call of splice_to_pipe() from skb_splice_bits(),
which kills the need to have a socket-specific callback; we can just
call splice_to_pipe() and be done with that.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

single-buffer analogue of splice_to_pipe(); vmsplice_to_pipe() switched
to that, leaving splice_to_pipe() only for ->splice_read() instances
(and that only until they are converted as well).
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

* splice_to_pipe() stops at pipe overflow and does *not* take pipe_lock
* ->splice_read() instances do the same
* vmsplice_to_pipe() and do_splice() (ultimate callers of splice_to_pipe())
  arrange for waiting, looping, etc. themselves.

That should make pipe_lock the outermost one.

Unfortunately, existing rules for the amount passed by vmsplice_to_pipe()
and do_splice() are quite ugly _and_ userland code can be easily broken
by changing those.  It's not even "no more than the maximal capacity of
this pipe" - it's "once we'd fed pipe->nr_buffers pages into the pipe,
leave instead of waiting".

Considering how poorly these rules are documented, let's try "wait for some
space to appear, unless given SPLICE_F_NONBLOCK, then push into pipe
and if we run into overflow, we are done".
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Make local filesystems treat a fault as shortened IO,
returning -EFAULT only if nothing had been transferred.
That's how everything else (NFS, FUSE, ceph, Lustre)
behaves.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Pull tracefs fixes from Steven Rostedt:
 "Al Viro has been looking at the tracefs code, and has pointed out some
  issues.  This contains one fix by me and one by Al.  I'm sure that
  he'll come up with more but for now I tested these patches and they
  don't appear to have any negative impact on tracing"

* tag 'trace-v4.8-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace:
  fix memory leaks in tracing_buffers_splice_read()
  tracing: Move mutex to protect against resetting of seq data

When building XFS with -Werror, it now fails with:

  include/linux/pagemap.h: In function 'fault_in_multipages_readable':
  include/linux/pagemap.h:602:16: error: variable 'c' set but not used [-Werror=unused-but-set-variable]
    volatile char c;
                  ^

This is a regression caused by commit e23d4159 ("fix
fault_in_multipages_...() on architectures with no-op access_ok()").
Fix it by re-adding the "(void)c" trick taht was previously used to make
the compiler think the variable is used.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The NUMA balancing logic uses an arch-specific PROT_NONE page table flag
defined by pte_protnone() or pmd_protnone() to mark PTEs or huge page
PMDs respectively as requiring balancing upon a subsequent page fault.
User-defined PROT_NONE memory regions which also have this flag set will
not normally invoke the NUMA balancing code as do_page_fault() will send
a segfault to the process before handle_mm_fault() is even called.

However if access_remote_vm() is invoked to access a PROT_NONE region of
memory, handle_mm_fault() is called via faultin_page() and
__get_user_pages() without any access checks being performed, meaning
the NUMA balancing logic is incorrectly invoked on a non-NUMA memory
region.

A simple means of triggering this problem is to access PROT_NONE mmap'd
memory using /proc/self/mem which reliably results in the NUMA handling
functions being invoked when CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING is set.

This issue was reported in bugzilla (issue 99101) which includes some
simple repro code.

There are BUG_ON() checks in do_numa_page() and do_huge_pmd_numa_page()
added at commit c0e7cad9 to avoid accidentally provoking strange
behaviour by attempting to apply NUMA balancing to pages that are in
fact PROT_NONE.  The BUG_ON()'s are consistently triggered by the repro.

This patch moves the PROT_NONE check into mm/memory.c rather than
invoking BUG_ON() as faulting in these pages via faultin_page() is a
valid reason for reaching the NUMA check with the PROT_NONE page table
flag set and is therefore not always a bug.

Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99101Reported-by: Trevor Saunders <tbsaunde@tbsaunde.org>
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull MIPS fixes from Ralf Baechle:
 "A round of 4.8 fixes:

  MIPS generic code:
   - Add a missing ".set pop" in an early commit
   - Fix memory regions reaching top of physical
   - MAAR: Fix address alignment
   - vDSO: Fix Malta EVA mapping to vDSO page structs
   - uprobes: fix incorrect uprobe brk handling
   - uprobes: select HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
   - Avoid a BUG warning during PR_SET_FP_MODE prctl
   - SMP: Fix possibility of deadlock when bringing CPUs online
   - R6: Remove compact branch policy Kconfig entries
   - Fix size calc when avoiding IPIs for small icache flushes
   - Fix pre-r6 emulation FPU initialisation
   - Fix delay slot emulation count in debugfs

  ATH79:
   - Fix test for error return of clk_register_fixed_factor.

  Octeon:
   - Fix kernel header to work for VDSO build.
   - Fix initialization of platform device probing.

  paravirt:
   - Fix undefined reference to smp_bootstrap"

* 'upstream' of git://git.linux-mips.org/pub/scm/ralf/upstream-linus:
  MIPS: Fix delay slot emulation count in debugfs
  MIPS: SMP: Fix possibility of deadlock when bringing CPUs online
  MIPS: Fix pre-r6 emulation FPU initialisation
  MIPS: vDSO: Fix Malta EVA mapping to vDSO page structs
  MIPS: Select HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
  MIPS: Octeon: Fix platform bus probing
  MIPS: Octeon: mangle-port: fix build failure with VDSO code
  MIPS: Avoid a BUG warning during prctl(PR_SET_FP_MODE, ...)
  MIPS: c-r4k: Fix size calc when avoiding IPIs for small icache flushes
  MIPS: Add a missing ".set pop" in an early commit
  MIPS: paravirt: Fix undefined reference to smp_bootstrap
  MIPS: Remove compact branch policy Kconfig entries
  MIPS: MAAR: Fix address alignment
  MIPS: Fix memory regions reaching top of physical
  MIPS: uprobes: fix incorrect uprobe brk handling
  MIPS: ath79: Fix test for error return of clk_register_fixed_factor().

Pull one more powerpc fix from Michael Ellerman:
 "powernv/pci: Fix m64 checks for SR-IOV and window alignment from
  Russell Currey"

* tag 'powerpc-4.8-7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux:
  powerpc/powernv/pci: Fix m64 checks for SR-IOV and window alignment

The fixes to the radix tree test suite show that the multi-order case is
broken.  The basic reason is that the radix tree code uses tagged
pointers with the "internal" bit in the low bits, and calculating the
pointer indices was supposed to mask off those bits.  But gcc will
notice that we then use the index to re-create the pointer, and will
avoid doing the arithmetic and use the tagged pointer directly.

This cleans the code up, using the existing is_sibling_entry() helper to
validate the sibling pointer range (instead of open-coding it), and
using entry_to_node() to mask off the low tag bit from the pointer.  And
once you do that, you might as well just use the now cleaned-up pointer
directly.

[ Side note: the multi-order code isn't actually ever used in the kernel
  right now, and the only reason I didn't just delete all that code is
  that Kirill Shutemov piped up and said:

    "Well, my ext4-with-huge-pages patchset[1] uses multi-order entries.
     It also converts shmem-with-huge-pages and hugetlb to them.

     I'm okay with converting it to other mechanism, but I need
     something.  (I looked into Konstantin's RFC patchset[2].  It looks
     okay, but I don't feel myself qualified to review it as I don't
     know much about radix-tree internals.)"

  [1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160915115523.29737-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
  [2] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/147230727479.9957.1087787722571077339.stgit@zurg ]
Reported-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Cedric Blancher <cedric.blancher@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When we replace a multiorder entry, check that all indices reflect the
new value.

Also, compile the test suite with -O2, which shows other problems with
the code due to some dodgy pointer operations in the radix tree code.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

The iter->seq can be reset outside the protection of the mutex. So can
reading of user data. Move the mutex up to the beginning of the function.

Fixes: d7350c3f ("tracing/core: make the read callbacks reentrants")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 2.6.30+
Reported-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Commit 432c6bac ("MIPS: Use per-mm page to execute branch delay slot
instructions") accidentally removed use of the MIPS_FPU_EMU_INC_STATS
macro from do_dsemulret, leading to the ds_emul file in debugfs always
returning zero even though we perform delay slot emulations.

Fix this by re-adding the use of the MIPS_FPU_EMU_INC_STATS macro.
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Fixes: 432c6bac ("MIPS: Use per-mm page to execute branch delay slot instructions")
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14301/Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

This patch fixes the possibility of a deadlock when bringing up
secondary CPUs.
The deadlock occurs because the set_cpu_online() is called before
synchronise_count_slave(). This can cause a deadlock if the boot CPU,
having scheduled another thread, attempts to send an IPI to the
secondary CPU, which it sees has been marked online. The secondary is
blocked in synchronise_count_slave() waiting for the boot CPU to enter
synchronise_count_master(), but the boot cpu is blocked in
smp_call_function_many() waiting for the secondary to respond to it's
IPI request.

Fix this by marking the CPU online in cpu_callin_map and synchronising
counters before declaring the CPU online and calculating the maps for
IPIs.
Signed-off-by: Matt Redfearn <matt.redfearn@imgtec.com>
Reported-by: Justin Chen <justinpopo6@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Justin Chen <justinpopo6@gmail.com>
Cc: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.1+
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/14302/Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>

Pull perf fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Three fixlets for perf:

   - add a missing NULL pointer check in the intel BTS driver

   - make BTS an exclusive PMU because BTS can only handle one event at
     a time

   - ensure that exclusive events are limited to one PMU so that several
     exclusive events can be scheduled on different PMU instances"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf/core: Limit matching exclusive events to one PMU
  perf/x86/intel/bts: Make it an exclusive PMU
  perf/x86/intel/bts: Make sure debug store is valid

Pull locking fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two smallish fixes:

   - use the proper asm constraint in the Super-H atomic_fetch_ops

   - a trivial typo fix in the Kconfig help text"

* 'locking-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  locking/hung_task: Fix typo in CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK help text
  locking/atomic, arch/sh: Fix ATOMIC_FETCH_OP()

Pull EFI fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two fixes for EFI/PAT:

   - a 32bit overflow bug in the PAT code which was unearthed by the
     large EFI mappings

   - prevent a boot hang on large systems when EFI mixed mode is enabled
     but not used"

* 'efi-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/efi: Only map RAM into EFI page tables if in mixed-mode
  x86/mm/pat: Prevent hang during boot when mapping pages

Pull irq fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Three fixes for irq core and irq chip drivers:

   - Do not set the irq type if type is NONE.  Fixes a boot regression
     on various SoCs

   - Use the proper cpu for setting up the GIC target list.  Discovered
     by the cpumask debugging code.

   - A rather large fix for the MIPS-GIC so per cpu local interrupts
     work again.  This was discovered late because the code falls back
     to slower timers which use normal device interrupts"

* 'irq-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  irqchip/mips-gic: Fix local interrupts
  irqchip/gicv3: Silence noisy DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS warning
  genirq: Skip chained interrupt trigger setup if type is IRQ_TYPE_NONE

Merge VM fixes from High Dickins:
 "I get the impression that Andrew is away or busy at the moment, so I'm
  going to send you three independent uncontroversial little mm fixes
  directly - though none is strictly a 4.8 regression fix.

   - shmem: fix tmpfs to handle the huge= option properly from Toshi
     Kani is a one-liner to fix a major embarrassment in 4.8's hugepages
     on tmpfs feature: although Hillf pointed it out in June, somehow
     both Kirill and I repeatedly dropped the ball on this one.  You
     might wonder if the feature got tested at all with that bug in:
     yes, it did, but for wider testing coverage, Kirill and I had each
     relied too much on an override which bypasses that condition.

   - huge tmpfs: fix Committed_AS leak just a run-of-the-mill accounting
     fix in the same feature.

   - mm: delete unnecessary and unsafe init_tlb_ubc() is an unrelated
     fix to 4.3's TLB flush batching in reclaim: the bug would be rare,
     and none of us will be shamed if this one misses 4.8; but it got
     such a quick ack from Mel today that I'm inclined to offer it along
     with the first two"

* emailed patches from Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>:
  mm: delete unnecessary and unsafe init_tlb_ubc()
  huge tmpfs: fix Committed_AS leak
  shmem: fix tmpfs to handle the huge= option properly

init_tlb_ubc() looked unnecessary to me: tlb_ubc is statically
initialized with zeroes in the init_task, and copied from parent to
child while it is quiescent in arch_dup_task_struct(); so I went to
delete it.

But inserted temporary debug WARN_ONs in place of init_tlb_ubc() to
check that it was always empty at that point, and found them firing:
because memcg reclaim can recurse into global reclaim (when allocating
biosets for swapout in my case), and arrive back at the init_tlb_ubc()
in shrink_node_memcg().

Resetting tlb_ubc.flush_required at that point is wrong: if the upper
level needs a deferred TLB flush, but the lower level turns out not to,
we miss a TLB flush.  But fortunately, that's the only part of the
protocol that does not nest: with the initialization removed, cpumask
collects bits from upper and lower levels, and flushes TLB when needed.

Fixes: 72b252ae ("mm: send one IPI per CPU to TLB flush all entries after unmapping pages")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.3+
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Under swapping load on huge tmpfs, /proc/meminfo's Committed_AS grows
bigger and bigger: just a cosmetic issue for most users, but disabling
for those who run without overcommit (/proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory 2).

shmem_uncharge() was forgetting to unaccount __vm_enough_memory's
charge, and shmem_charge() was forgetting it on the filesystem-full
error path.

Fixes: 800d8c63 ("shmem: add huge pages support")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

shmem_get_unmapped_area() checks SHMEM_SB(sb)->huge incorrectly, which
leads to a reversed effect of "huge=" mount option.

Fix the check in shmem_get_unmapped_area().

Note, the default value of SHMEM_SB(sb)->huge remains as
SHMEM_HUGE_NEVER.  User will need to specify "huge=" option to enable
huge page mappings.
Reported-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull i2c fixes from Wolfram Sang:
 "Three driver bugfixes: fixing uninitialized memory pointers (eg20t),
  pm/clock imbalance (qup), and a wrongly set cached variable (pc954x)"

* 'i2c/for-current' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wsa/linux:
  i2c: qup: skip qup_i2c_suspend if the device is already runtime suspended
  i2c: mux: pca954x: retry updating the mux selection on failure
  i2c-eg20t: fix race between i2c init and interrupt enable