This commit does nothing but move rcu_tasks_wait_gp() up to a new section
for common code.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit refactors RCU tasks to allow variants to be added.  These
variants will share the current Tasks-RCU tasklist scan and the holdout
list processing.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit causes the flavors of RCU Tasks to use different names
for their kthreads and in their console messages.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit adds the definitions required to torture the rude flavor of
RCU tasks.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit adds a "rude" variant of RCU-tasks that has as quiescent
states schedule(), cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs(), userspace execution,
and (in theory, anyway) cond_resched().  In other words, RCU-tasks rude
readers are regions of code with preemption disabled, but excluding code
early in the CPU-online sequence and late in the CPU-offline sequence.
Updates make use of IPIs and force an IPI and a context switch on each
online CPU.  This variant is useful in some situations in tracing.
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
[ paulmck: Apply EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL() feedback from Qiujun Huang. ]
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
[ paulmck: Apply review feedback from Steve Rostedt. ]

This commit splits out generic processing from RCU-tasks-specific
processing in order to allow additional flavors to be added.  It also
adds a def_bool TASKS_RCU_GENERIC to enable the common RCU-tasks
infrastructure code.

This is primarily, but not entirely, a code-movement commit.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit adds a crude test for synchronize_rcu_mult().  This is
currently a smoke test rather than a high-quality stress test.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

With the advent and likely usage of synchronize_rcu_rude(), there is
again a need to wait on multiple types of RCU grace periods, for
example, call_rcu_tasks() and call_rcu_tasks_rude().  This commit
therefore reinstates synchronize_rcu_mult() in order to allow these
grace periods to be straightforwardly waited on concurrently.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit creates an rcu_tasks struct to hold state information for
RCU Tasks.  This is a preparation commit for adding additional flavors
of Tasks RCU, each of which would have its own rcu_tasks struct.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This code-movement-only commit is in preparation for adding an additional
flavor of Tasks RCU, which relies on workqueues to detect grace periods.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

Currently, an RCU-preempt CPU stall warning simply lists the PIDs of
those tasks holding up the current grace period.  This can be helpful,
but more can be even more helpful.

To this end, this commit adds the nesting level, whether the task
thinks it was preempted in its current RCU read-side critical section,
whether RCU core has asked this task for a quiescent state, whether the
expedited-grace-period hint is set, and whether the task believes that
it is on the blocked-tasks list (it must be, or it would not be printed,
but if things are broken, best not to take too much for granted).
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

A running task's state can be sampled in a consistent manner (for example,
for diagnostic purposes) simply by invoking smp_call_function_single()
on its CPU, which may be obtained using task_cpu(), then having the
IPI handler verify that the desired task is in fact still running.
However, if the task is not running, this sampling can in theory be done
immediately and directly.  In practice, the task might start running at
any time, including during the sampling period.  Gaining a consistent
sample of a not-running task therefore requires that something be done
to lock down the target task's state.

This commit therefore adds a try_invoke_on_locked_down_task() function
that invokes a specified function if the specified task can be locked
down, returning true if successful and if the specified function returns
true.  Otherwise this function simply returns false.  Given that the
function passed to try_invoke_on_nonrunning_task() might be invoked with
a runqueue lock held, that function had better be quite lightweight.

The function is passed the target task's task_struct pointer and the
argument passed to try_invoke_on_locked_down_task(), allowing easy access
to task state and to a location for further variables to be passed in
and out.

Note that the specified function will be called even if the specified
task is currently running.  The function can use ->on_rq and task_curr()
to quickly and easily determine the task's state, and can return false
if this state is not to the function's liking.  The caller of the
try_invoke_on_locked_down_task() would then see the false return value,
and could take appropriate action, for example, trying again later or
sending an IPI if matters are more urgent.

It is expected that use cases such as the RCU CPU stall warning code will
simply return false if the task is currently running.  However, there are
use cases involving nohz_full CPUs where the specified function might
instead fall back to an alternative sampling scheme that relies on heavier
synchronization (such as memory barriers) in the target task.

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Dietmar Eggemann <dietmar.eggemann@arm.com>
Cc: Ben Segall <bsegall@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
[ paulmck: Apply feedback from Peter Zijlstra and Steven Rostedt. ]
[ paulmck: Invoke if running to handle feedback from Mathieu Desnoyers. ]
Reviewed-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

Currently, the PREEMPT=y version of rcu_note_context_switch() does not
invoke rcu_tasks_qs(), and we need it to in order to keep RCU Tasks
Trace's IPIs down to a dull roar.  This commit therefore enables this
hook.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

It is not as clear as it might be just where in RCU's idle entry/exit
code RCU stops and starts watching the current CPU.  This commit therefore
adds comments calling out the transitions.
Reported-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

Now that it should be safe to hold scheduler locks across
rcu_read_unlock(), even in cases where the corresponding RCU read-side
critical section might have been preempted and boosted, the commit adds
a test of this capability to rcutorture.  This has been tested on current
mainline (which can deadlock in this situation), and lockdep duly reported
the expected deadlock.  On -rcu, lockdep is silent, thus far, anyway.

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

Now that RCU flavors have been consolidated, an RCU-preempt
rcu_read_unlock() in an interrupt or softirq handler cannot possibly
end the RCU read-side critical section.  Consider the old vulnerability
involving rcu_read_unlock() being invoked within such a handler that
interrupted an __rcu_read_unlock_special(), in which a wakeup might be
invoked with a scheduler lock held.  Because rcu_read_unlock_special()
no longer does wakeups in such situations, it is no longer necessary
for __rcu_read_unlock() to set the nesting level negative.

This commit therefore removes this recursion-protection code from
__rcu_read_unlock().

[ paulmck: Let rcu_exp_handler() continue to call rcu_report_exp_rdp(). ]
[ paulmck: Adjust other checks given no more negative nesting. ]
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

The ->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.deferred_qs field is set to true in
rcu_read_unlock_special() but never set to false.  This is not
particularly useful, so this commit removes this field.

The only possible justification for this field is to ease debugging
of RCU deferred quiscent states, but the combination of the other
->rcu_read_unlock_special fields plus ->rcu_blocked_node and of course
->rcu_read_lock_nesting should cover debugging needs.  And if this last
proves incorrect, this patch can always be reverted, along with the
required setting of ->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.deferred_qs to false
in rcu_preempt_deferred_qs_irqrestore().
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

Now that RCU flavors have been consolidated, an RCU-preempt
rcu_read_unlock() in an interrupt or softirq handler cannot possibly
end the RCU read-side critical section.  Consider the old vulnerability
involving rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() being invoked within such a handler
that interrupted an extended RCU read-side critical section, in which
a wakeup might be invoked with a scheduler lock held.  Because
rcu_read_unlock_special() no longer does wakeups in such situations,
it is no longer necessary for rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() to set the
nesting level negative.

This commit therefore removes this recursion-protection code from
rcu_preempt_deferred_qs().

[ paulmck: Fix typo in commit log per Steve Rostedt. ]
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

The scheduler is currently required to hold rq/pi locks across the entire
RCU read-side critical section or not at all.  This is inconvenient and
leaves traps for the unwary, including the author of this commit.

But now that excessively long grace periods enable scheduling-clock
interrupts for holdout nohz_full CPUs, the nohz_full rescue logic in
rcu_read_unlock_special() can be dispensed with.  In other words, the
rcu_read_unlock_special() function can refrain from doing wakeups unless
such wakeups are guaranteed safe.

This commit therefore avoids unsafe wakeups, freeing the scheduler to
hold rq/pi locks across rcu_read_unlock() even if the corresponding RCU
read-side critical section might have been preempted.  This commit also
updates RCU's requirements documentation.

This commit is inspired by a patch from Lai Jiangshan:
https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20191102124559.1135-2-laijs@linux.alibaba.com
This commit is further intended to be a step towards his goal of permitting
the inlining of RCU-preempt's rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock().

Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit adds stubs for KCSAN's data_race(), ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(),
and ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS() macros to allow code using these macros
to move ahead.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit adds stubs for KCSAN's data_race(), ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(),
and ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_ACCESS() macros to allow code using these macros to
move ahead.
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

When remapping a mapping where a portion of a VMA is remapped
into another portion of the VMA it can cause the VMA to become
split. During the copy_vma operation the VMA can actually
be remerged if it's an anonymous VMA whose pages have not yet
been faulted. This isn't normally a problem because at the end
of the remap the original portion is unmapped causing it to
become split again.

However, MREMAP_DONTUNMAP leaves that original portion in place which
means that the VMA which was split and then remerged is not actually
split at the end of the mremap. This patch fixes a bug where
we don't detect that the VMAs got remerged and we end up
putting back VM_ACCOUNT on the next mapping which is completely
unreleated. When that next mapping is unmapped it results in
incorrectly unaccounting for the memory which was never accounted,
and eventually we will underflow on the memory comittment.

There is also another issue which is similar, we're currently
accouting for the number of pages in the new_vma but that's wrong.
We need to account for the length of the remap operation as that's
all that is being added. If there was a mapping already at that
location its comittment would have been adjusted as part of
the munmap at the start of the mremap.

A really simple repro can be seen in:
https://gist.github.com/bgaff/e101ce99da7d9a8c60acc641d07f312c

Fixes: e346b381 ("mm/mremap: add MREMAP_DONTUNMAP to mremap()")
Reported-by: syzbot <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Geffon <bgeffon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull clk fixes from Stephen Boyd:
 "Two build fixes for a couple clk drivers and a fix for the Unisoc
  serial clk where we want to keep it on for earlycon"

* tag 'clk-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/clk/linux:
  clk: sprd: don't gate uart console clock
  clk: mmp2: fix link error without mmp2
  clk: asm9260: fix __clk_hw_register_fixed_rate_with_accuracy typo

Pull x86 and objtool fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A set of fixes for x86 and objtool:

  objtool:

   - Ignore the double UD2 which is emitted in BUG() when
     CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP is enabled.

   - Support clang non-section symbols in objtool ORC dump

   - Fix switch table detection in .text.unlikely

   - Make the BP scratch register warning more robust.

  x86:

   - Increase microcode maximum patch size for AMD to cope with new CPUs
     which have a larger patch size.

   - Fix a crash in the resource control filesystem when the removal of
     the default resource group is attempted.

   - Preserve Code and Data Prioritization enabled state accross CPU
     hotplug.

   - Update split lock cpu matching to use the new X86_MATCH macros.

   - Change the split lock enumeration as Intel finaly decided that the
     IA32_CORE_CAPABILITIES bits are not architectural contrary to what
     the SDM claims. !@#%$^!

   - Add Tremont CPU models to the split lock detection cpu match.

   - Add a missing static attribute to make sparse happy"

* tag 'x86-urgent-2020-04-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/split_lock: Add Tremont family CPU models
  x86/split_lock: Bits in IA32_CORE_CAPABILITIES are not architectural
  x86/resctrl: Preserve CDP enable over CPU hotplug
  x86/resctrl: Fix invalid attempt at removing the default resource group
  x86/split_lock: Update to use X86_MATCH_INTEL_FAM6_MODEL()
  x86/umip: Make umip_insns static
  x86/microcode/AMD: Increase microcode PATCH_MAX_SIZE
  objtool: Make BP scratch register warning more robust
  objtool: Fix switch table detection in .text.unlikely
  objtool: Support Clang non-section symbols in ORC generation
  objtool: Support Clang non-section symbols in ORC dump
  objtool: Fix CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP unreachable warnings

Pull time namespace fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "An update for the proc interface of time namespaces: Use symbolic
  names instead of clockid numbers. The usability nuisance of numbers
  was noticed by Michael when polishing the man page"

* tag 'timers-urgent-2020-04-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  proc, time/namespace: Show clock symbolic names in /proc/pid/timens_offsets

Pull perf tooling fixes and updates from Thomas Gleixner:

 - Fix the header line of perf stat output for '--metric-only --per-socket'

 - Fix the python build with clang

 - The usual tools UAPI header synchronization

* tag 'perf-urgent-2020-04-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  tools headers: Synchronize linux/bits.h with the kernel sources
  tools headers: Adopt verbatim copy of compiletime_assert() from kernel sources
  tools headers: Update x86's syscall_64.tbl with the kernel sources
  tools headers UAPI: Sync drm/i915_drm.h with the kernel sources
  tools headers UAPI: Update tools's copy of drm.h headers
  tools headers kvm: Sync linux/kvm.h with the kernel sources
  tools headers UAPI: Sync linux/fscrypt.h with the kernel sources
  tools include UAPI: Sync linux/vhost.h with the kernel sources
  tools arch x86: Sync asm/cpufeatures.h with the kernel sources
  tools headers UAPI: Sync linux/mman.h with the kernel
  tools headers UAPI: Sync sched.h with the kernel
  tools headers: Update linux/vdso.h and grab a copy of vdso/const.h
  perf stat: Fix no metric header if --per-socket and --metric-only set
  perf python: Check if clang supports -fno-semantic-interposition
  tools arch x86: Sync the msr-index.h copy with the kernel sources

Pull irq fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A set of fixes/updates for the interrupt subsystem:

   - Remove setup_irq() and remove_irq(). All users have been converted
     so remove them before new users surface.

   - A set of bugfixes for various interrupt chip drivers

   - Add a few missing static attributes to address sparse warnings"

* tag 'irq-urgent-2020-04-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  irqchip/irq-bcm7038-l1: Make bcm7038_l1_of_init() static
  irqchip/irq-mvebu-icu: Make legacy_bindings static
  irqchip/meson-gpio: Fix HARDIRQ-safe -> HARDIRQ-unsafe lock order
  irqchip/sifive-plic: Fix maximum priority threshold value
  irqchip/ti-sci-inta: Fix processing of masked irqs
  irqchip/mbigen: Free msi_desc on device teardown
  irqchip/gic-v4.1: Update effective affinity of virtual SGIs
  irqchip/gic-v4.1: Add support for VPENDBASER's Dirty+Valid signaling
  genirq: Remove setup_irq() and remove_irq()

Pull scheduler fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two fixes for the scheduler:

   - Work around an uninitialized variable warning where GCC can't
     figure it out.

   - Allow 'isolcpus=' to skip unknown subparameters so that older
     kernels work with the commandline of a newer kernel. Improve the
     error output while at it"

* tag 'sched-urgent-2020-04-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/vtime: Work around an unitialized variable warning
  sched/isolation: Allow "isolcpus=" to skip unknown sub-parameters

Pull RCU fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A single bugfix for RCU to prevent taking a lock in NMI context"

* tag 'core-urgent-2020-04-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  rcu: Don't acquire lock in NMI handler in rcu_nmi_enter_common()

Pull ext4 fixes from Ted Ts'o:
 "Miscellaneous bug fixes and cleanups for ext4, including a fix for
  generic/388 in data=journal mode, removing some BUG_ON's, and cleaning
  up some compiler warnings"

* tag 'ext4_for_linus_stable' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
  ext4: convert BUG_ON's to WARN_ON's in mballoc.c
  ext4: increase wait time needed before reuse of deleted inode numbers
  ext4: remove set but not used variable 'es' in ext4_jbd2.c
  ext4: remove set but not used variable 'es'
  ext4: do not zeroout extents beyond i_disksize
  ext4: fix return-value types in several function comments
  ext4: use non-movable memory for superblock readahead
  ext4: use matching invalidatepage in ext4_writepage

Pull cifs fixes from Steve French:
 "Three small smb3 fixes: two debug related (helping network tracing for
  SMB2 mounts, and the other removing an unintended debug line on
  signing failures), and one fixing a performance problem with 64K
  pages"

* tag '5.7-rc-smb3-fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  smb3: remove overly noisy debug line in signing errors
  cifs: improve read performance for page size 64KB & cache=strict & vers=2.1+
  cifs: dump the session id and keys also for SMB2 sessions

Merge tag 'flexible-array-member-5.7-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gustavoars/linux

Pull flexible-array member conversion from Gustavo Silva:
 "The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
  extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
  variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array
  member[1][2], introduced in C99:

    struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
    };

  By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
  in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
  will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
  inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

  Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
  this change:

   "Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof
    operator may not be applied. As a quirk of the original
    implementation of zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

  sizeof(flexible-array-member) triggers a warning because flexible
  array members have incomplete type[1]. There are some instances of
  code in which the sizeof operator is being incorrectly/erroneously
  applied to zero-length arrays and the result is zero. Such instances
  may be hiding some bugs. So, this work (flexible-array member
  convertions) will also help to get completely rid of those sorts of
  issues.

  Notice that all of these patches have been baking in linux-next for
  quite a while now and, 238 more of these patches have already been
  merged into 5.7-rc1.

  There are a couple hundred more of these issues waiting to be
  addressed in the whole codebase"

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")

* tag 'flexible-array-member-5.7-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gustavoars/linux: (28 commits)
  xattr.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  uapi: linux: fiemap.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  uapi: linux: dlm_device.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  tpm_eventlog.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  ti_wilink_st.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  swap.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  skbuff.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  sched: topology.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  rslib.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  rio.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  posix_acl.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  platform_data: wilco-ec.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  memcontrol.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  list_lru.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  lib: cpu_rmap: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  irq.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  ihex.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  igmp.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  genalloc.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  ethtool.h: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array member
  ...

Pull SCSI fixes from James Bottomley:
 "Seven fixes: three in target, one on a sg error leg, two in qla2xxx
  fixing warnings introduced in the last merge window and updating
  MAINTAINERS and one in hisi_sas fixing a problem introduced by libata"

* tag 'scsi-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jejb/scsi:
  scsi: sg: add sg_remove_request in sg_common_write
  scsi: target: tcmu: reset_ring should reset TCMU_DEV_BIT_BROKEN
  scsi: target: fix PR IN / READ FULL STATUS for FC
  scsi: target: Write NULL to *port_nexus_ptr if no ISID
  scsi: MAINTAINERS: Update qla2xxx FC-SCSI driver maintainer
  scsi: qla2xxx: Fix regression warnings
  scsi: hisi_sas: Fix build error without SATA_HOST

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertently introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

Also, notice that, dynamic memory allocations won't be affected by
this change:

"Flexible array members have incomplete type, and so the sizeof operator
may not be applied. As a quirk of the original implementation of
zero-length arrays, sizeof evaluates to zero."[1]

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>