Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.
Alexey Brodkin
authored
The default value of ARCH_SLAB_MINALIGN in "include/linux/slab.h" is "__alignof__(unsigned long long)" which for ARC unexpectedly turns out to be 4. This is not a compiler bug, but as defined by ARC ABI [1] Thus slab allocator would allocate a struct which is 32-bit aligned, which is generally OK even if struct has long long members. There was however potetial problem when it had any atomic64_t which use LLOCKD/SCONDD instructions which are required by ISA to take 64-bit addresses. This is the problem we ran into [ 4.015732] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. Opts: (null) [ 4.167881] Misaligned Access [ 4.172356] Path: /bin/busybox.nosuid [ 4.176004] CPU: 2 PID: 171 Comm: rm Not tainted 4.19.14-yocto-standard #1 [ 4.182851] [ 4.182851] [ECR ]: 0x000d0000 => Check Programmer's Manual [ 4.190061] [EFA ]: 0xbeaec3fc [ 4.190061] [BLINK ]: ext4_delete_entry+0x210/0x234 [ 4.190061] [ERET ]: ext4_delete_entry+0x13e/0x234 [ 4.202985] [STAT32]: 0x80080002 : IE K [ 4.207236] BTA: 0x9009329c SP: 0xbe5b1ec4 FP: 0x00000000 [ 4.212790] LPS: 0x9074b118 LPE: 0x9074b120 LPC: 0x00000000 [ 4.218348] r00: 0x00000040 r01: 0x00000021 r02: 0x00000001 ... ... [ 4.270510] Stack Trace: [ 4.274510] ext4_delete_entry+0x13e/0x234 [ 4.278695] ext4_rmdir+0xe0/0x238 [ 4.282187] vfs_rmdir+0x50/0xf0 [ 4.285492] do_rmdir+0x9e/0x154 [ 4.288802] EV_Trap+0x110/0x114 The fix is to make sure slab allocations are 64-bit aligned. Do note that atomic64_t is __attribute__((aligned(8)) which means gcc does generate 64-bit aligned references, relative to beginning of container struct. However the issue is if the container itself is not 64-bit aligned, atomic64_t ends up unaligned which is what this patch ensures. [1] https://github.com/foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors/toolchain/wiki/files/ARCv2_ABI.pdf Signed-off-by:Alexey Brodkin <abrodkin@synopsys.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 4.8+ Signed-off-by:
Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> [vgupta: reworked changelog, added dependency on LL64+LLSC]