This was discussed at
http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=113166526217117&w=2

This patch changes the dequeueing to select a huge page near the node
executing instead of always beginning to check for free nodes from node 0.
This will result in a placement of the huge pages near the executing
processor improving performance.

The existing implementation can place the huge pages far away from the
executing processor causing significant degradation of performance.  The
search starting from zero also means that the lower zones quickly run out
of memory.  Selecting a huge page near the process distributed the huge
pages better.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Implement copy-on-write support for hugetlb mappings so MAP_PRIVATE can be
supported.  This helps us to safely use hugetlb pages in many more
applications.  The patch makes the following changes.  If needed, I also have
it broken out according to the following paragraphs.

1. Add a pair of functions to set/clear write access on huge ptes.  The
   writable check in make_huge_pte is moved out to the caller for use by COW
   later.

2. Hugetlb copy-on-write requires special case handling in the following
   situations:

   - copy_hugetlb_page_range() - Copied pages must be write protected so
     a COW fault will be triggered (if necessary) if those pages are written
     to.

   - find_or_alloc_huge_page() - Only MAP_SHARED pages are added to the
     page cache.  MAP_PRIVATE pages still need to be locked however.

3. Provide hugetlb_cow() and calls from hugetlb_fault() and
   hugetlb_no_page() which handles the COW fault by making the actual copy.

4. Remove the check in hugetlbfs_file_map() so that MAP_PRIVATE mmaps
   will be allowed.  Make MAP_HUGETLB exempt from the depricated VM_RESERVED
   mapping check.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: "Seth, Rohit" <rohit.seth@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch splits the "no_page()" type activity into its own function,
hugetlb_no_page().  hugetlb_fault() becomes the entry point for hugetlb faults
and delegates to the appropriate handler depending on the type of fault.
Right now we still have only hugetlb_no_page() but a later patch introduces a
COW fault.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: "Seth, Rohit" <rohit.seth@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

find_lock_huge_page() isn't a great name, since it does extra things not
analagous to find_lock_page().  Rename it find_or_alloc_huge_page() which is
closer to the mark.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: "Seth, Rohit" <rohit.seth@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

cleanup
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: "Seth, Rohit" <rohit.seth@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Here is the patch to implement madvise(MADV_REMOVE) - which frees up a
given range of pages & its associated backing store.  Current
implementation supports only shmfs/tmpfs and other filesystems return
-ENOSYS.

"Some app allocates large tmpfs files, then when some task quits and some
client disconnect, some memory can be released.  However the only way to
release tmpfs-swap is to MADV_REMOVE". - Andrea Arcangeli

Databases want to use this feature to drop a section of their bufferpool
(shared memory segments) - without writing back to disk/swap space.

This feature is also useful for supporting hot-plug memory on UML.

Concerns raised by Andrew Morton:

- "We have no plan for holepunching!  If we _do_ have such a plan (or
  might in the future) then what would the API look like?  I think
  sys_holepunch(fd, start, len), so we should start out with that."

- Using madvise is very weird, because people will ask "why do I need to
  mmap my file before I can stick a hole in it?"

- None of the other madvise operations call into the filesystem in this
  manner.  A broad question is: is this capability an MM operation or a
  filesytem operation?  truncate, for example, is a filesystem operation
  which sometimes has MM side-effects.  madvise is an mm operation and with
  this patch, it gains FS side-effects, only they're really, really
  significant ones."

Comments:

- Andrea suggested the fs operation too but then it's more efficient to
  have it as a mm operation with fs side effects, because they don't
  immediatly know fd and physical offset of the range.  It's possible to
  fixup in userland and to use the fs operation but it's more expensive,
  the vmas are already in the kernel and we can use them.

Short term plan &  Future Direction:

- We seem to need this interface only for shmfs/tmpfs files in the short
  term.  We have to add hooks into the filesystem for correctness and
  completeness.  This is what this patch does.

- In the future, plan is to support both fs and mmap apis also.  This
  also involves (other) filesystem specific functions to be implemented.

- Current patch doesn't support VM_NONLINEAR - which can be addressed in
  the future.
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

This patch makes truncate_inode_pages_range from truncate_inode_pages.
truncate_inode_pages became a one-liner call to truncate_inode_pages_range.

Reiser4 needs truncate_inode_pages_ranges because it tries to keep
correspondence between existences of metadata pointing to data pages and pages
to which those metadata point to.  So, when metadata of certain part of file
is removed from filesystem tree, only pages of corresponding range are to be
truncated.

(Needed by the madvise(MADV_REMOVE) patch)
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

register_memory is global and declared so in linux/memory.h.  Update the
HOTPLUG specific definition to match.  This fixes a compile warning when
HOTPLUG is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Both register_memory_notifer and unregister_memory_notifier are global and
declared so in linux/memory.h.  Update the HOTPLUG specific definitions to
match.  This fixes a compile warning when HOTPLUG is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

__add_section defines an unused pointer to the zones pgdat.  Remove this
definition.  This fixes a compile warning.
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Two changes to the setting of the ALLOC_CPUSET flag in
mm/page_alloc.c:__alloc_pages()

- A bug fix - the "ignoring mins" case should not be honoring ALLOC_CPUSET.
  This case of all cases, since it is handling a request that will free up
  more memory than is asked for (exiting tasks, e.g.) should be allowed to
  escape cpuset constraints when memory is tight.

- A logic change to make it simpler.  Honor cpusets even on GFP_ATOMIC
  (!wait) requests.  With this, cpuset confinement applies to all requests
  except ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS, so that in a subsequent cleanup patch, I can
  remove the ALLOC_CPUSET flag entirely.  Since I don't know any real reason
  this logic has to be either way, I am choosing the path of the simplest
  code.
Signed-off-by: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

- This function returns -EINVAL all the time.  Fix.

- Decruftify it a bit too.

- Writing to it doesn't seem to do what it's suppoed to do.

Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

The hash.h hash_long function, when used on a 64 bit machine, ignores many
of the middle-order bits.  (The prime chosen it too bit-sparse).

IP addresses for clients of an NFS server are very likely to differ only in
the low-order bits.  As addresses are stored in network-byte-order, these
bits become middle-order bits in a little-endian 64bit 'long', and so do
not contribute to the hash.  Thus you can have the situation where all
clients appear on one hash chain.

So, until hash_long is fixed (or maybe forever), us a hash function that
works well on IP addresses - xor the bytes together.

Thanks to "Iozone" <capps@iozone.org> for identifying this problem.

Cc: "Iozone" <capps@iozone.org>
Signed-off-by: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Janos Haar of First NetCenter Bt.  reported numerous crashes involving the
NBD driver.  With his help, this was tracked down to bogus bio vectors
which in turn was the result of a race condition between the
receive/transmit routines in the NBD driver.

The bug manifests itself like this:

CPU0				CPU1
do_nbd_request
	add req to queuelist
	nbd_send_request
		send req head
		for each bio
			kmap
			send
				nbd_read_stat
					nbd_find_request
					nbd_end_request
			kunmap

When CPU1 finishes nbd_end_request, the request and all its associated
bio's are freed.  So when CPU0 calls kunmap whose argument is derived from
the last bio, it may crash.

Under normal circumstances, the race occurs only on the last bio.  However,
if an error is encountered on the remote NBD server (such as an incorrect
magic number in the request), or if there were a bug in the server, it is
possible for the nbd_end_request to occur any time after the request's
addition to the queuelist.

The following patch fixes this problem by making sure that requests are not
added to the queuelist until after they have been completed transmission.

In order for the receiving side to be ready for responses involving
requests still being transmitted, the patch introduces the concept of the
active request.

When a response matches the current active request, its processing is
delayed until after the tranmission has come to a stop.

This has been tested by Janos and it has been successful in curing this
race condition.

From: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>

  Here is an updated patch which removes the active_req wait in
  nbd_clear_queue and the associated memory barrier.

  I've also clarified this in the comment.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: <djani22@dynamicweb.hu>
Cc: Paul Clements <Paul.Clements@SteelEye.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

nls_utf8 is available, and the check in hfsplus_fill_super checks the wrong
pointer for NULLness (it checks the saved nls, not the new one that it
needs to use.)
Signed-off-by: Joshua Kwan <joshk@triplehelix.org>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

Setting RF (resume flag) allows a debugger to resume execution after a
code breakpoint without tripping the breakpoint again.  It is reset by
the CPU after execution of one instruction.

Requested by Stephane Eranian:
  "I am trying to the user HW debug registers on i386 and I am running
   into a problem with ptrace() not allowing access to EFLAGS_RF for
   POKEUSER (see FLAG_MASK).  [ ...  ] It avoids the need to remove the
   breakpoint, single step, and reinstall.  The equivalent functionality
   exists on IA-64 and is allowed by ptrace()"

Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@hpl.hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <76306.1226@compuserve.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

These patches add the header linux/if_ether.h and change 1500 to
ETH_DATA_LEN in some files.
Signed-off-by: Kris Katterjohn <kjak@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

Add some PCMCIA device IDs for the microdrive found in the Sharp Zaurus
and a different revision of the Socket CF+ Bluetooth card.
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

kill the socket_shutdown()/shutdown_socket() confusion by making it
one single function. move cs_socket_put() in there. nicer to read and
smaller:

original:
   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
  25181	   1076	     32	  26289	   66b1	drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_core.ko

patched:
   text	   data	    bss	    dec	    hex	filename
  24973	   1076	     32	  26081	   65e1	drivers/pcmcia/pcmcia_core.ko
Signed-off-by: Daniel Ritz <daniel.ritz@gmx.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Convert users of kmalloc and memset to kzalloc
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Do not wildly probe the IO ports we're trying to use on PARISC.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Export the stored values instead of re-reading everything in the socket
information sysfs files, and make them accessible to all users, not only
to root.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

This adds PCMCIA support for both MPC885ADS and MPC866ADS.

This is established not together with FADS, because 885 does not have
io_block_mapping() for BCSR area.
Also, some cleanups done both for 885ADS and MBX.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Bordug <vbordug@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <marcelo.tosatti@cyclades.com>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

This fixes misconfiguration that could result in odd work of some old CF
cards.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Bordug <vbordug@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Tosatti <marcelo.tosatti@cyclades.com>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Some PCMCIA sockets have statically mapped memory windows, but dynamically
mapped IO windows. Using the "nonstatic" socket library is inpractical for
them, as they do neither need a resource database (as we can trust the
kernel resource database on m68k and ppc) nor lots of other features of that
library. Let them get a small "iodyn" socket library (105 lines of code)
instead.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Update the PCMCIA sound drivers to handle the recent changes to the PCMCIA
core. A part of this merge was done by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Unify the EVENT_CARD_INSERTION and "attach" callbacks to one unified
probe() callback. As all in-kernel drivers are changed to this new
callback, there will be no temporary backwards-compatibility. Inside a
probe() function, each driver _must_ set struct pcmcia_device
*p_dev->instance and instance->handle correctly.

With these patches, the basic driver interface for 16-bit PCMCIA drivers
now has the classic four callbacks known also from other buses:

        int (*probe)            (struct pcmcia_device *dev);
        void (*remove)          (struct pcmcia_device *dev);

        int (*suspend)          (struct pcmcia_device *dev);
        int (*resume)           (struct pcmcia_device *dev);
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

The linked list of devices managed by each PCMCIA driver is, in very most
cases, unused. Therefore, remove it from many drivers.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Remove the old "detach" mechanism as it is unused now.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Unify the "detach" and REMOVAL_EVENT handlers to one "remove" function.
Old functionality is preserved, for the moment.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Merge the suspend and resume methods for 16-bit PCMCIA cards into the
device model -- for both runtime power management and suspend to ram/disk.

Bugfix in ds.c by Richard Purdie
Signed-Off-By: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Move the suspend and resume methods out of the event handler, and into
special functions. Also use these functions for pre- and post-reset, as
almost all drivers already do, and the remaining ones can easily be
converted.

Bugfix to include/pcmcia/ds.c
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>

Make the bridge specific initialization code config options depending on
CONFIG_EMBEDDED. Config options for TI/EnE, Toshiba, Ricoh and O2Micro are
available. Disabling all of the specific tweaks cuts off more than half
of yenta_socket.ko.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Ritz <daniel.ritz@gmx.ch>
Signed-off-by: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>