Add and adjust a test from MySQL:

commit 1198267c331b045b9cad26be72b1a5b4f8930a79
Author: Thirunarayanan Balathandayuthapani <thirunarayanan.balathandayuth@oracle.com>
Date:   Fri Aug 26 11:00:44 2016 +0530

    Bug #20989615   INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT PRODUCES SAME VALUE TWICE

The code fix is already present.

mysql-test/suite/innodb/r/autoinc_debug.result

+CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY)ENGINE=INNODB;
+# SETTING auto_increment_increment IN CONNECTION DEFAULT
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 1;
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+id
+1
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+# SETTING auto_increment_increment IN CONNECTION1
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 2;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert SIGNAL opened WAIT_FOR flushed1';
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 2;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now WAIT_FOR opened';
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert_step SIGNAL flushed1 WAIT_FOR opened1';
+insert into t1 values(NULL);
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+id
+1
+3
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now SIGNAL opened1';
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+id
+1
+3
+5
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+DROP TABLE t1;
+CREATE TABLE t1(id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY)ENGINE=INNODB;
+# SETTING auto_increment_increment IN CONNECTION DEFAULT
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 1;
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+id
+1
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+SET DEBUG_SYNC = 'now SIGNAL flushed';
+# SETTING auto_increment_increment in connection1
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 2;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now WAIT_FOR flushed';
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert SIGNAL opened WAIT_FOR flushed1';
+INSERT INTO t1 values(NULL);
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now WAIT_FOR opened';
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert_step SIGNAL flushed1 WAIT_FOR opened1';
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+id
+1
+3
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now SIGNAL opened1';
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+id
+1
+3
+5
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+Table	Create Table
+t1	CREATE TABLE `t1` (
+  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
+DROP TABLE t1;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC='RESET';

mysql-test/suite/innodb/t/autoinc_debug.test

+--source include/have_innodb.inc
+--source include/have_debug.inc
+--source include/not_embedded.inc
+
+# Two parallel connection with autoinc column after restart.
+
+CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY)ENGINE=INNODB;
+
+--echo # SETTING auto_increment_increment IN CONNECTION DEFAULT
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 1;
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+
+--source include/restart_mysqld.inc
+
+--echo # SETTING auto_increment_increment IN CONNECTION1
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 2;
+
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert SIGNAL opened WAIT_FOR flushed1';
+
+SEND INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+
+connect(con1, localhost, root,,);
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 2;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now WAIT_FOR opened';
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert_step SIGNAL flushed1 WAIT_FOR opened1';
+send insert into t1 values(NULL);
+
+connection default;
+reap;
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now SIGNAL opened1';
+
+connection con1;
+reap;
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+connection default;
+disconnect con1;
+
+DROP TABLE t1;
+
+# Two parallel connection with autoinc column without restart.
+
+CREATE TABLE t1(id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY)ENGINE=INNODB;
+
+--echo # SETTING auto_increment_increment IN CONNECTION DEFAULT
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 1;
+INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC = 'now SIGNAL flushed';
+
+connect(con1, localhost, root,,);
+
+--echo # SETTING auto_increment_increment in connection1
+SET AUTO_INCREMENT_INCREMENT = 2;
+
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now WAIT_FOR flushed';
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert SIGNAL opened WAIT_FOR flushed1';
+
+send INSERT INTO t1 values(NULL);
+
+connection default;
+
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now WAIT_FOR opened';
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'ib_after_row_insert_step SIGNAL flushed1 WAIT_FOR opened1';
+
+send INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(NULL);
+
+connection con1;
+reap;
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC= 'now SIGNAL opened1';
+disconnect con1;
+
+connection default;
+reap;
+SELECT * FROM t1;
+SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
+DROP TABLE t1;
+SET DEBUG_SYNC='RESET';