MDEV-10554: Assertion `!derived->first_select()->exclude_from_table_unique_test || derived->outer_select()-> exclude_from_table_unique_test' failed in TABLE_LIST::set_check_merged()

Mark and check excluded because of merging derived tables and views.

Due to this bug many queries that contained a window function
with MIN/MAX aggregation returned wrong results.

Calculation of a MIN/MAX aggregate function uses cache objects
and a comparator object that are created and set up in
Item_sum_hybrid::fix_fields () by a call of Item_sum_hybrid::setup_hybrid().
The latter binds the objects to the first argument of the
MIN/MAX function. Meanwhile window function perform aggregation
over fields of a temporary table. So binding must be done rather to
these fields. The earliest moment when setup the objects used in
MIN/max functions can be done is after all calls of the method
split_sum_func().

This patch introduces this late setup, but only for aggregate
functions used in window functions.
Probably it makes sense to use this late setup for all MIN/MAX
objects.

        Test fixed.

        Fix json_merge implementation.

        Test result updated.

This is follow-up to commit 1293e5e5.

in Item_partition_func_safe_string(THD *thd, const char *name_arg,
uint length, CHARSET_INFO *cs= NULL), the 'name_arg' is the value
of the string constant and 'length' is the length of this constant,
so length == strlen(name_arg).

        We should be ready for an empty key.

A proper InnoDB shutdown after aborted startup was introduced
in commit 81b7fe9d.

Also related to this is MDEV-11985, making read-only shutdown more robust.

If startup was aborted, there may exist recovered transactions that were
not rolled back. Relax the assertions accordingly.

recv_writer_thread(): Do not assign recv_writer_thread_active=true
in order to avoid a race condition with
recv_recovery_from_checkpoint_finish().

recv_init_crash_recovery_spaces(): Assign recv_writer_thread_active=true
before creating recv_writer_thread.

This is an attempt to workaround buildbot
"1200 seconds without output, killing process"

Before killing the server, ensure that the redo log for the
incomplete transaction is flushed, so that the AUTO_INCREMENT
sequence will always be updated. Usually the INSERT
transaction would not have persisted the sequence before the
server was killed, but sometimes it could happen, causing
result mismatch.

Note: This test used to be called innodb_fts.innodb_fts_misc_debug.

Do not effectively set DEBUG_DBUG='d' by setting DEBUG_DBUG='-d,...'.
Instead, restore the saved value of DEBUG_DBUG.

Also, split the test innodb_fts.innodb_fts_misc_debug into
innodb_fts.crash_recovery and innodb_fts.misc_debug, and enable
these tests for --valgrind, the latter test for --embedded,
and the former tests for the non-debug server.

MDEV-11681: PARTITION BY LIST COLUMNS with default partition: Assertion `part_info->num_list_values' failed in get_part_iter_for_interval_cols_via_map

process adge case with only default partition

Encryption stores used key_version to
FIL_PAGE_FILE_FLUSH_LSN_OR_KEY_VERSION (offset 26)
field. Spatial indexes store RTREE Split Sequence Number
(FIL_RTREE_SPLIT_SEQ_NUM) in the same field. Both values
can't be stored in same field. Thus, current encryption
implementation does not support encrypting spatial indexes.

fil_space_encrypt(): Do not encrypt page if page type is
FIL_PAGE_RTREE (this is required for background
encryption innodb-encrypt-tables=ON).

create_table_info_t::check_table_options() Do not allow creating
table with ENCRYPTED=YES if table contains spatial index.

        Usual '8' turns into 7.9999999 on Power. Test case fixed.

recv_log_format_0_recover(): Invoke log_decrypt_after_read() after
reading the old-format redo log buffer.

With this change, we will upgrade to an encrypted redo log that
is misleadingly carrying a MySQL 5.7.9 compatible format tag while
the log blocks (other than the header and the checkpoint blocks)
are in an incompatible, encrypted format.
That needs to be fixed by introducing a new redo log format tag that
indicates that the entire redo log is encrypted.

LOG_CHECKPOINT_ARRAY_END, LOG_CHECKPOINT_SIZE: Remove.

Change some error messages to refer to MariaDB 10.2.2 instead of
MySQL 5.7.9.

recv_find_max_checkpoint_0(): Do not abort when decrypting one of the
checkpoint pages fails.

after failed ADD UNIQUE INDEX

check_col_exists_in_indexes(): Add the parameter only_committed.
When considering committed indexes, evaluate index->is_committed().
Else, evaluate index->to_be_dropped.

rollback_inplace_alter_table(): Invoke check_col_exists_in_indexes()
with only_committed=true.

Galera disallow-writes feature was lost in InnoDB 5.7 merge
to 10.2. This patch restores this feature and fixes test
failure on test galera.galera_var_innodb_disallow_writes.

This patch complements the patch for bug 11138.
Without this patch some table-less queries with window functions
could cause crashes due to a memory overwrite.

If InnoDB is started in innodb_read_only mode such that
recovered incomplete transactions exist at startup
(but the redo logs are clean), an assertion will fail at shutdown,
because there would exist some non-prepared transactions.

logs_empty_and_mark_files_at_shutdown(): Do not wait for incomplete
transactions to finish if innodb_read_only or innodb_force_recovery>=3.
Wait for purge to finish in only one place.

trx_sys_close(): Relax the assertion that would fail first.

trx_free_prepared(): Also free recovered TRX_STATE_ACTIVE transactions
if innodb_read_only or innodb_force_recovery>=3.

Also, revert my earlier fix to MySQL 5.7 because this fix is more generic:

Bug#20874411 INNODB SHUTDOWN HANGS IF INNODB_FORCE_RECOVERY>=3
SKIPPED ANY ROLLBACK

trx_undo_fake_prepared(): Remove.

trx_sys_any_active_transactions(): Revert the changes.

Rewrite the test so that the main server is restarted, instead of
--exec $MYSQLD_CMD. In this way, the test can be run with Valgrind
and with any --mysqld=--innodb-page-size.

Also remove the workaround --skip-innodb-use-native-aio. It should
not be needed when we are inheriting the server parameters from
the test environment.

Datafile::validate_for_recovery(): Remove a redundant error message.
An error is already reported by Datafile::open_read_write() if the
file cannot be opened.

Also, do not assign SEARCH_ABORT, so that the full test will be executed
even if one step fails.

There already are ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED tests in innodb_zip.innochecksum_2.

Use shutdown_mysqld.inc and start_mysqld.inc.

        Fixes for issues found.

Supported usage of expressions with window functions
in SELECTs without tables.

The method Item_sum::print did not print opening '(' after the name
of simple window functions (like rank, dense_rank etc).
As a result the view definitions with such window functions
were formed invalid in .frm files.

srv_release_threads(): Actually wait for the threads to resume
from suspension. On CentOS 5 and possibly other platforms,
os_event_set() may be lost.

srv_resume_thread(): A counterpart of srv_suspend_thread().
Optionally wait for the event to be set, optionally with a timeout,
and then release the thread from suspension.

srv_free_slot(): Unconditionally suspend the thread. It is always
in resumed state when this function is entered.

srv_active_wake_master_thread_low(): Only call os_event_set().

srv_purge_coordinator_suspend(): Use srv_resume_thread() instead
of the complicated logic.

Test server startup with an empty encrypted redo log from 10.1.21.
FIXME: Pass the encryption parameters. Currently we only test startup
without properly set up encryption.

Partition and order lists of a window specification cannot
use constant integer to refer to select list elements.

Using window functions over results of implicit groupings
required special handling in JOIN::make_aggr_tables_info.
The patch made sure that the result of implicit grouping
was written into a temporary table properly.

MDEV-11938 json.json_no_table crashes or fails with valgrind warnings in json_find_path / Item_func_json_length::val_int.

        Paths with quoted keynames handled improperly.

Remove the dependency on unzip. Instead, generate the InnoDB files
with perl.

log_block_checksum_is_ok(): Correct the error message.

recv_scan_log_recs(): Remove the duplicated error message for
log block checksum mismatch.

innobase_start_or_create_for_mysql(): If the server is in read-only
mode or if innodb_force_recovery>=3, do not try to modify the system
tablespace. (If the doublewrite buffer or the non-core system tables
do not exist, do not try to create them.)

innodb_shutdown(): Relax a debug assertion. If the system tablespace
did not contain a doublewrite buffer and if we started up in
innodb_read_only mode or with innodb_force_recovery>=3, it will not
be created.

dict_create_or_check_sys_tablespace(): Set the flag
srv_sys_tablespaces_open when the tables exist.