The type handler and unsigned_flag erroneously went out of sync in
Item_func_minus::fix_length_and_dec.

Use std::queue backed by std::deque instead of list because it does less
allocations which still having O(1) push and pop operations.

Also store trx_purge_rec_t directly, because its only 16 bytes and allocating
it is to wasteful. This should be faster.

purge_node_t::purge_node_t: container is already empty after creation

purge_node_t::end(): replace clearing container with assertion that it's clear

row_drop_table_for_mysql(): If a #sql2 table is open in another
thread (purge) while we attempting to drop it, rename it to #sql-ib
name to hide it from the SQL layer.

Adjust tests accordingly to hide #sql-ib tables, which can
continue to exist until the background DROP TABLE completes.

This is joint work with Thirunarayanan Balathandayuthapani.
The MDL interface between InnoDB and the rest of the server
(in storage/innobase/dict/dict0dict.cc and in include/)
is my work, while most everything else is Thiru's.

The collection of InnoDB persistent statistics and the
defragmentation were not refactored to use MDL. They will
keep relying on lower-level interlocking with
fil_check_pending_operations().

The purge of transaction history and the background operations on
fulltext indexes will use MDL. We will revert
commit 2c4844c9
(MDEV-17813) because thanks to MDL, purge cannot conflict
with DDL operations anymore. For a similar reason, we will remove
the MDEV-16222 test case from gcol.innodb_virtual_debug_purge.

Purge is essentially replacing all use of the global dict_sys.latch
with MDL. Purge will skip the undo log records for tables whose names
start with #sql-ib or #sql2. Theoretically, such tables might
be renamed back to visible table names if TRUNCATE fails to
create a new table, or the final rename in ALTER TABLE...ALGORITHM=COPY
fails. In that case, purge could permanently leave some garbage
in the table. Such garbage will be tolerated; the table would not
be considered corrupted.

To avoid repeated MDL releases and acquisitions,
trx_purge_attach_undo_recs() will sort undo log records by table_id,
and purge_node_t will keep the MDL and table handle open for multiple
successive undo log records.

get_purge_table(): A new accessor, used during the purge of
history for indexed virtual columns. This interface should ideally
not exist at all.

thd_mdl_context(): Accessor of THD::mdl_context.
Wrapped in a new thd_mdl_service.

dict_get_db_name_len(): Define inline.

dict_acquire_mdl_shared(): Acquire explicit shared MDL on a table name
if needed.

dict_table_open_on_id(): Return MDL_ticket, if requested.

dict_table_close(): Release MDL ticket, if requested.

dict_fts_index_syncing(), dict_index_t::index_fts_syncing: Remove.
row_drop_table_for_mysql() no longer needs to check these, because
MDL guarantees that a fulltext index sync will not be in progress
while MDL_EXCLUSIVE is protecting a DDL operation.

dict_table_t::parse_name(): Parse the table name for acquiring MDL.

purge_node_t::undo_recs: Change the type to std::list<trx_purge_rec_t*>
(different container, and storing also roll_ptr).

purge_node_t: Add mdl_ticket, last_table_id, purge_thd, mdl_hold_recs
for acquiring MDL and for keeping the table open across multiple
undo log records.

purge_vcol_info_t, row_purge_store_vsec_cur(), row_purge_restore_vsec_cur():
Remove. We will acquire the MDL earlier.

purge_sys_t::heap: Added, for reading undo log records.

fts_sync_during_ddl(): Invoked during ALGORITHM=INPLACE operations
to ensure that fts_sync_table() will not conflict with MDL_EXCLUSIVE.
Uses fts_t::sync_message for bookkeeping.

Do not use suppressions on Windows, the ASAN_OPTIONS can't be parsed
whenever full file names are used, because file names contain ':'
which is ASAN_OPTIONS delimeter.

- wait notification, tpool_wait_begin/tpool_wait_end - to notify the
threadpool that current thread is going to wait

Use it to wait for IOs to complete and also when purge waits for workers.

btr_free_externally_stored_field(): Pass w=mtr_t::OPT to
note that the BTR_EXTERN_LEN is not necessarily changing
when a multi-page ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED off-page column
is being freed, and to allow redundant writes to the redo
log to be optimized away.

Ever since commit 56f6dab1
the refactored function mtr_t::write() asserts by default
that the page contents is being changed.

Fixing lossy type conversions:
- from int64 to int
- from size_t to uint

tests mariadb-conv-utf8 and mariadb-conv-cp932 failed on PPC,
because "char" is "unsigned char" on PPC.

Adding a cast from "char" to "signed char" in the two affected places.

ibuf_bitmap_page_set_bits(): Do not attempt to shift by a negative amount.
This bug was introduced in commit 87839258.

Datafile::find_space_id(): Remove an unused variable

buf_chunk_init(): warning C4319:  '~': zero extending 'ulong' to 'ulint'
of greater size

- Load and convert the entire input file at once,
  rather than reading string-by-string using fgets().
  This change makes it possible to convert from UCS2, UTF16, UTF32 data.
- Adding the --delimiter command, to treat the specified
  characters as delimiters rather than data to convert.
  Useful in combination with `-f filename` or `-t filename`.
  The delimiter characters are not converted,
  they are copied from the input to the output as is.
- Adding diagnostics with line number and position if:
  * an illegal input byte sequence was found
  * a character cannot be converted to the target character set

Before commit 90c52e52 introduced
aligned_malloc(), InnoDB always used a pattern of over-allocating
memory and invoking ut_align() to guarantee the desired alignment.

It is cleaner to invoke aligned_malloc() and aligned_free() directly.

ut_align(): Remove. In assertions, ut_align_down() can be used instead.

The function fsp_header_get_space_id() returns ulint instead of
uint32_t, only to be able to complain that the two adjacent
tablespace ID fields in the page differ. Remove the function,
and merge the check to the callers.

Also, make some more use of aligned_malloc().

trx_rseg_write_wsrep_checkpoint(): Use mtr_t::OPT, because
much of the time, the redo log writes would be redundant.
This was broken in commit 56f6dab1.

InnoDB startup was discovering undo tablespaces in a dirty way.
It was reading a possibly stale copy of the TRX_SYS page before
processing any redo log records.

srv_start(): Do not call buf_pool_invalidate(). Invoke
trx_rseg_get_n_undo_tablespaces() after the recovery has been initiated.

recv_recovery_from_checkpoint_start(): Assert that the buffer pool is
empty. This used to be guaranteed by the buf_pool_invalidate() call.

trx_rseg_get_n_undo_tablespaces(): Move to the calling compilation unit,
and reimplement in a simpler way.

srv_undo_tablespace_create(): Remove the constant parameter
size=SRV_UNDO_TABLESPACE_SIZE_IN_PAGES.

srv_undo_tablespace_open(): Reimplement in a cleaner way, with
more robust error handling.

srv_all_undo_tablespaces_open(): Split from srv_undo_tablespaces_init().

srv_undo_tablespaces_init(): Read all "undo001","undo002" tablespace
files directly, without consulting the TRX_SYS page via calling
trx_rseg_get_n_undo_tablespaces().

This is joint work with Thirunarayanan Balathandayuthapani.

Generate sql_yacc_ora.yy from sql_yacc.yy , by using cmake script
which does some simple string(REPLACE)

Mixing %type and %expect declarations:
- sql_mode=ORACLE declarations look like an empty C code section
  inside sql_yacc.yy, consisting of an inactive #ifdef..#endif block.
- sql_mode=DEFAULT declarations look like an empty C code section
  inside sql_yacc_ora.yy, consisting of an inactive #ifdef..#endif block.

Mixing rules:
- Adding a special rule _empty to the shared rule section.
- Changing all instances of /*Empty*/ in sql_mode=DEFAULT and sql_mode=ORACLE
  specific sections to _empty.
- Changing the rest of C style comments /*xxx*/ in
  sql_mode=DEFAULT and sql_mode=ORACLE specific blocks to C++ style: //xxx
- Mixing sql_yacc.yy and sql_yacc_ora.yy, so
  sql_mode=ORACLE specific blocks sit in a comment inside sql_yacc.yy, and
  sql_mode=DEFAULT specific blocks sit in a comment inside sql_yacc_ora.yy.

In commit af5947f4
the function btr_discard_page() is invoking btr_set_min_rec_mark()
with the wrong buf_block_t* object. node_ptr is on merge_block,
not block.

btr_discard_page(): Remove the variables merge_page, page, and
always refer to block->frame or merge_block->frame instead.
Also, limit the scope of node_ptr and avoid duplicated conditions.

btr_set_min_rec_mark(): Add a template parameter, so that the
caller can specify whether the page is supposed to have a left sibling.
Otherwise, the assertion (which was introduced in the same commit)
would fail in btr_discard_page().

mtr_t::write(): Add explicit narrowing type casts to avoid warnings
about lossy implicit conversions.

mtr_t::memcpy(): Replaces mlog_write_string(), mlog_log_string().
The buf_block_t is passed a parameter, so that
mlog_write_initial_log_record_low() can be used instead of
mlog_write_initial_log_record_fast().

fil_space_crypt_t::write_page0(): Remove the fil_space_t* parameter.

Passing buf_block_t helps us avoid calling
mlog_write_initial_log_record_fast() and page_get_page_no(),
and allows us to implement more debug checks, such as
that on ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED index pages, only the page header
may be modified by MLOG_MEMSET records.

fseg_n_reserved_pages(): Add a buf_block_t parameter.

Refer to buf_page_t::id instead of parsing the tablespace identifier
or page number from the buffer pool page.

mtr_t::write(): Replaces mlog_write_ulint(), mlog_write_ull().
Optimize away writes if the page contents does not change,
except when a dummy write has been explicitly requested.

Because the member function template takes a block descriptor as a
parameter, it is possible to introduce better consistency checks.
Due to this, the code for handling file-based lists, undo logs
and user transactions was refactored to pass around buf_block_t.

page_create_write_log(), mlog_write_initial_log_record():
Merge to the only caller, and use
mlog_write_initial_log_record_low() for writing the log record.

aio_linux::m_max_io_count: Unused data member; remove.

aiocb::m_ret_len: Declare as the more compatible type size_t.
Unfortunately, ssize_t is not available on Microsoft Visual Studio.

btr_set_min_rec_mark(): Write MLOG_1BYTE instead of
MLOG_REC_MIN_MARK or MLOG_COMP_REC_MIN_MARK.

On ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED pages, the minimum record flag is not stored
at all. The flag is computed for the uncompressed page by
page_zip_decompress(). Hence, nothing needs to be logged for
ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED tables for this operation.

To facilitate crash-upgrade and hot backup from older versions,
we will retain the code to parse and apply the old log record types
MLOG_REC_MIN_MARK and MLOG_COMP_REC_MIN_MARK.

The MLOG_FILE_WRITE_CRYPT_DATA record was completely redundant.
It can be replaced with a single MLOG_WRITE_STRING record.

To facilitate upgrade from older versions, we will retain
fil_parse_write_crypt_data().

fil_crypt_parse(): Recover fil_space_crypt_t::write_page0().

fil_space_crypt_t::write_page0(): Write everything in a single
MLOG_WRITE_STRING for easy parsing.

fil_space_crypt_t::page0_offset: Remove.

Moved partition_rotation, partition_innodb to partition.test

* Fixed missed warning on condition boundary
* REORGANIZE cases
* vers_utils.h removed
* test cases cleanup

Don't do skip_setup_conds() unless all errors are checked.

Fixes following errors:
      ER_PERIOD_NOT_FOUND
      ER_VERS_QUERY_IN_PARTITION
      ER_VERS_ENGINE_UNSUPPORTED
      ER_VERS_NOT_VERSIONED