idle_balance() has been renamed to newidle_balance(). To differentiate
with nohz_idle_balance, it seems refining the comment will be helpful
for the readers of the code.
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201202220641.22752-1-song.bao.hua@hisilicon.com

The clearing of SMT siblings from the SIS mask before checking for an idle
core is a small but unnecessary cost. Defer the clearing of the siblings
until the scan moves to the next potential target. The cost of this was
not measured as it is borderline noise but it should be self-evident.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201130144020.GS3371@techsingularity.net

Kernel-doc requires that a kernel-doc markup to be immediately
below the function prototype, as otherwise it will rename it.
So, move sys_sched_yield() markup to the right place.

Also fix the cpu_util() markup: Kernel-doc markups
should use this format:
        identifier - description
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/50cd6f460aeb872ebe518a8e9cfffda2df8bdb0a.1606823973.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org

The value freq_max/freq_base is a fundamental component of frequency
invariance calculations. It may come from a variety of sources such as MSRs
or ACPI data, tracking it down when troubleshooting a system could be
non-trivial. It is worth saving it in the kernel logs.

 # dmesg | grep 'Estimated ratio of average max'
 [   14.024036] smpboot: Estimated ratio of average max frequency by base frequency (times 1024): 1289
Signed-off-by: Giovanni Gherdovich <ggherdovich@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201112182614.10700-4-ggherdovich@suse.cz

Frequency invariant accounting calculations need the ratio
freq_curr/freq_max, but freq_max is unknown as it depends on dynamic power
allocation between cores: AMD EPYC CPUs implement "Core Performance Boost".
Three candidates are considered to estimate this value:

- maximum non-boost frequency
- maximum boost frequency
- the mid point between the above two

Experimental data on an AMD EPYC Zen2 machine slightly favors the third
option, which is applied with this patch.

The analysis uses the ondemand cpufreq governor as baseline, and compares
it with schedutil in a number of configurations. Using the freq_max value
described above offers a moderate advantage in performance and efficiency:

sugov-max (freq_max=max_boost) performs the worst on tbench: less
throughput and reduced efficiency than the other invariant-schedutil
options (see "Data Overview" below). Consider that tbench is generally a
problematic case as no schedutil version currently is better than ondemand.

sugov-P0 (freq_max=max_P) is the worst on dbench, while the other sugov's
can surpass ondemand with less filesystem latency and slightly increased
efficiency.

1. DATA OVERVIEW
2. DETAILED PERFORMANCE TABLES
3. POWER CONSUMPTION TABLE

1. DATA OVERVIEW
================

sugov-noinv : non-invariant schedutil governor
sugov-max   : invariant schedutil, freq_max=max_boost
sugov-mid   : invariant schedutil, freq_max=midpoint
sugov-P0    : invariant schedutil, freq_max=max_P
perfgov     : performance governor

driver      : acpi_cpufreq
machine     : AMD EPYC 7742 (Zen2, aka "Rome"), dual socket,
              128 cores / 256 threads, SATA SSD storage, 250G of memory,
	      XFS filesystem

Benchmarks are described in the next section.
Tilde (~) means the value is the same as baseline.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
            ondemand  perfgov  sugov-noinv  sugov-max  sugov-mid  sugov-P0  better if
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
                                        PERFORMANCE RATIOS
tbench        1.00       1.44       0.90       0.87       0.93       0.93      higher
dbench        1.00       0.91       0.95       0.94       0.94       1.06      lower
kernbench     1.00       0.93       ~          ~          ~          0.97      lower
gitsource     1.00       0.66       0.97       0.96       ~          0.95      lower
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
                                    PERFORMANCE-PER-WATT RATIOS
tbench        1.00       1.16       0.84       0.84       0.88       0.85      higher
dbench        1.00       1.03       1.02       1.02       1.02       0.93      higher
kernbench     1.00       1.05       ~          ~          ~          ~         higher
gitsource     1.00       1.46       1.04       1.04       ~          1.05      higher

2. DETAILED PERFORMANCE TABLES
==============================

Benchmark          : tbench4 (i.e. dbench4 over the network, actually loopback)
Varying parameter  : number of clients
Unit               : MB/sec (higher is better)

                  5.9.0-ondemand (BASELINE)                   5.9.0-perfgov               5.9.0-sugov-noinv
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Hmean  1        427.19  +- 0.16% (        )     778.35  +- 0.10% (  82.20%)     346.92  +- 0.14% ( -18.79%)
Hmean  2        853.82  +- 0.09% (        )    1536.23  +- 0.03% (  79.93%)     694.36  +- 0.05% ( -18.68%)
Hmean  4       1657.54  +- 0.12% (        )    2938.18  +- 0.12% (  77.26%)    1362.81  +- 0.11% ( -17.78%)
Hmean  8       3301.87  +- 0.06% (        )    5679.10  +- 0.04% (  72.00%)    2693.35  +- 0.04% ( -18.43%)
Hmean  16      6139.65  +- 0.05% (        )    9498.81  +- 0.04% (  54.71%)    4889.97  +- 0.17% ( -20.35%)
Hmean  32     11170.28  +- 0.09% (        )   17393.25  +- 0.08% (  55.71%)    9104.55  +- 0.09% ( -18.49%)
Hmean  64     19322.97  +- 0.17% (        )   31573.91  +- 0.08% (  63.40%)   18552.52  +- 0.40% (  -3.99%)
Hmean  128    30383.71  +- 0.11% (        )   37416.91  +- 0.15% (  23.15%)   25938.70  +- 0.41% ( -14.63%)
Hmean  256    31143.96  +- 0.41% (        )   30908.76  +- 0.88% (  -0.76%)   29754.32  +- 0.24% (  -4.46%)
Hmean  512    30858.49  +- 0.26% (        )   38524.60  +- 1.19% (  24.84%)   42080.39  +- 0.56% (  36.37%)
Hmean  1024   39187.37  +- 0.19% (        )   36213.86  +- 0.26% (  -7.59%)   39555.98  +- 0.12% (   0.94%)

                            5.9.0-sugov-max                 5.9.0-sugov-mid                  5.9.0-sugov-P0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Hmean  1        352.59  +- 1.03% ( -17.46%)     352.08  +- 0.75% ( -17.58%)     352.31  +- 1.48% ( -17.53%)
Hmean  2        697.32  +- 0.08% ( -18.33%)     700.16  +- 0.20% ( -18.00%)     696.79  +- 0.06% ( -18.39%)
Hmean  4       1369.88  +- 0.04% ( -17.35%)    1369.72  +- 0.07% ( -17.36%)    1365.91  +- 0.05% ( -17.59%)
Hmean  8       2696.79  +- 0.04% ( -18.33%)    2711.06  +- 0.04% ( -17.89%)    2715.10  +- 0.61% ( -17.77%)
Hmean  16      4725.03  +- 0.03% ( -23.04%)    4875.65  +- 0.02% ( -20.59%)    4953.05  +- 0.28% ( -19.33%)
Hmean  32      9231.65  +- 0.10% ( -17.36%)    8704.89  +- 0.27% ( -22.07%)   10562.02  +- 0.36% (  -5.45%)
Hmean  64     15364.27  +- 0.19% ( -20.49%)   17786.64  +- 0.15% (  -7.95%)   19665.40  +- 0.22% (   1.77%)
Hmean  128    42100.58  +- 0.13% (  38.56%)   34946.28  +- 0.13% (  15.02%)   38635.79  +- 0.06% (  27.16%)
Hmean  256    30660.23  +- 1.08% (  -1.55%)   32307.67  +- 0.54% (   3.74%)   31153.27  +- 0.12% (   0.03%)
Hmean  512    24604.32  +- 0.14% ( -20.27%)   40408.50  +- 1.10% (  30.95%)   38800.29  +- 1.23% (  25.74%)
Hmean  1024   35535.47  +- 0.28% (  -9.32%)   41070.38  +- 2.56% (   4.81%)   31308.29  +- 2.52% ( -20.11%)

Benchmark          : dbench (filesystem stressor)
Varying parameter  : number of clients
Unit               : seconds (lower is better)

NOTE-1: This dbench version measures the average latency of a set of filesystem
        operations, as we found the traditional dbench metric (throughput) to be
	misleading.
NOTE-2: Due to high variability, we partition the original dataset and apply
        statistical bootrapping (a resampling method). Accuracy is reported in the
	form of 95% confidence intervals.

                  5.9.0-ondemand (BASELINE)                   5.9.0-perfgov               5.9.0-sugov-noinv
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SubAmean  1         98.79  +- 0.92 (        )      83.36  +- 0.82 (  15.62%)      84.82  +- 0.92 (  14.14%)
SubAmean  2        116.00  +- 0.89 (        )     102.12  +- 0.77 (  11.96%)     109.63  +- 0.89 (   5.49%)
SubAmean  4        149.90  +- 1.03 (        )     132.12  +- 0.91 (  11.86%)     143.90  +- 1.15 (   4.00%)
SubAmean  8        182.41  +- 1.13 (        )     159.86  +- 0.93 (  12.36%)     165.82  +- 1.03 (   9.10%)
SubAmean  16       237.83  +- 1.23 (        )     219.46  +- 1.14 (   7.72%)     229.28  +- 1.19 (   3.59%)
SubAmean  32       334.34  +- 1.49 (        )     309.94  +- 1.42 (   7.30%)     321.19  +- 1.36 (   3.93%)
SubAmean  64       576.61  +- 2.16 (        )     540.75  +- 2.00 (   6.22%)     551.27  +- 1.99 (   4.39%)
SubAmean  128     1350.07  +- 4.14 (        )    1205.47  +- 3.20 (  10.71%)    1280.26  +- 3.75 (   5.17%)
SubAmean  256     3444.42  +- 7.97 (        )    3698.00 +- 27.43 (  -7.36%)    3494.14  +- 7.81 (  -1.44%)
SubAmean  2048   39457.89 +- 29.01 (        )   34105.33 +- 41.85 (  13.57%)   39688.52 +- 36.26 (  -0.58%)

                            5.9.0-sugov-max                 5.9.0-sugov-mid                  5.9.0-sugov-P0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
SubAmean  1         85.68  +- 1.04 (  13.27%)      84.16  +- 0.84 (  14.81%)      83.99  +- 0.90 (  14.99%)
SubAmean  2        108.42  +- 0.95 (   6.54%)     109.91  +- 1.39 (   5.24%)     112.06  +- 0.91 (   3.39%)
SubAmean  4        136.90  +- 1.04 (   8.67%)     137.59  +- 0.93 (   8.21%)     136.55  +- 0.95 (   8.91%)
SubAmean  8        163.15  +- 0.96 (  10.56%)     166.07  +- 1.02 (   8.96%)     165.81  +- 0.99 (   9.10%)
SubAmean  16       224.86  +- 1.12 (   5.45%)     223.83  +- 1.06 (   5.89%)     230.66  +- 1.19 (   3.01%)
SubAmean  32       320.51  +- 1.38 (   4.13%)     322.85  +- 1.49 (   3.44%)     321.96  +- 1.46 (   3.70%)
SubAmean  64       553.25  +- 1.93 (   4.05%)     554.19  +- 2.08 (   3.89%)     562.26  +- 2.22 (   2.49%)
SubAmean  128     1264.35  +- 3.72 (   6.35%)    1256.99  +- 3.46 (   6.89%)    2018.97 +- 18.79 ( -49.55%)
SubAmean  256     3466.25  +- 8.25 (  -0.63%)    3450.58  +- 8.44 (  -0.18%)    5032.12 +- 38.74 ( -46.09%)
SubAmean  2048   39133.10 +- 45.71 (   0.82%)   39905.95 +- 34.33 (  -1.14%)   53811.86 +-193.04 ( -36.38%)

Benchmark          : kernbench (kernel compilation)
Varying parameter  : number of jobs
Unit               : seconds (lower is better)

                  5.9.0-ondemand (BASELINE)                   5.9.0-perfgov               5.9.0-sugov-noinv
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Amean  2        471.71 +- 26.61% (        )     409.88 +- 16.99% (  13.11%)     430.63  +- 0.18% (   8.71%)
Amean  4        211.87  +- 0.58% (        )     194.03  +- 0.74% (   8.42%)     215.33  +- 0.64% (  -1.63%)
Amean  8        109.79  +- 1.27% (        )     101.43  +- 1.53% (   7.61%)     111.05  +- 1.95% (  -1.15%)
Amean  16        59.50  +- 1.28% (        )      55.61  +- 1.35% (   6.55%)      59.65  +- 1.78% (  -0.24%)
Amean  32        34.94  +- 1.22% (        )      32.36  +- 1.95% (   7.41%)      35.44  +- 0.63% (  -1.43%)
Amean  64        22.58  +- 0.38% (        )      20.97  +- 1.28% (   7.11%)      22.41  +- 1.73% (   0.74%)
Amean  128       17.72  +- 0.44% (        )      16.68  +- 0.32% (   5.88%)      17.65  +- 0.96% (   0.37%)
Amean  256       16.44  +- 0.53% (        )      15.76  +- 0.32% (   4.18%)      16.76  +- 0.60% (  -1.93%)
Amean  512       16.54  +- 0.21% (        )      15.62  +- 0.41% (   5.53%)      16.84  +- 0.85% (  -1.83%)

                            5.9.0-sugov-max                 5.9.0-sugov-mid                  5.9.0-sugov-P0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Amean  2        421.30  +- 0.24% (  10.69%)     419.26  +- 0.15% (  11.12%)     414.38  +- 0.33% (  12.15%)
Amean  4  	217.81  +- 5.53% (  -2.80%)     211.63  +- 0.99% (   0.12%)     208.43  +- 0.47% (   1.63%)
Amean  8  	108.80  +- 0.43% (   0.90%)     108.48  +- 1.44% (   1.19%)     108.59  +- 3.08% (   1.09%)
Amean  16 	 58.84  +- 0.74% (   1.12%)      58.37  +- 0.94% (   1.91%)      57.78  +- 0.78% (   2.90%)
Amean  32 	 34.04  +- 2.00% (   2.59%)      34.28  +- 1.18% (   1.91%)      33.98  +- 2.21% (   2.75%)
Amean  64 	 22.22  +- 1.69% (   1.60%)      22.27  +- 1.60% (   1.38%)      22.25  +- 1.41% (   1.47%)
Amean  128	 17.55  +- 0.24% (   0.97%)      17.53  +- 0.94% (   1.04%)      17.49  +- 0.43% (   1.30%)
Amean  256	 16.51  +- 0.46% (  -0.40%)      16.48  +- 0.48% (  -0.19%)      16.44  +- 1.21% (   0.00%)
Amean  512	 16.50  +- 0.35% (   0.19%)      16.35  +- 0.42% (   1.14%)      16.37  +- 0.33% (   0.99%)

Benchmark          : gitsource (time to run the git unit test suite)
Varying parameter  : none
Unit               : seconds (lower is better)

                  5.9.0-ondemand (BASELINE)                   5.9.0-perfgov               5.9.0-sugov-noinv
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Amean          1035.76  +- 0.30% (        )     688.21  +- 0.04% (  33.56%)    1003.85  +- 0.14% (   3.08%)

                            5.9.0-sugov-max                 5.9.0-sugov-mid                  5.9.0-sugov-P0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Amean           995.82  +- 0.08% (   3.86%)    1011.98  +- 0.03% (   2.30%)     986.87  +- 0.19% (   4.72%)

3. POWER CONSUMPTION TABLE
==========================

Average power consumption (watts).

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
            ondemand  perfgov  sugov-noinv  sugov-max  sugov-mid  sugov-P0
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
tbench4     227.25     281.83     244.17     236.76     241.50     247.99
dbench4     151.97     161.87     157.08     158.10     158.06     153.73
kernbench   162.78     167.22     162.90     164.19     164.65     164.72
gitsource   133.65     139.00     133.04     134.43     134.18     134.32
Signed-off-by: Giovanni Gherdovich <ggherdovich@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201112182614.10700-3-ggherdovich@suse.cz

This is the first pass in creating the ability to calculate the
frequency invariance on AMD systems. This approach uses the CPPC
highest performance and nominal performance values that range from
0 - 255 instead of a high and base frquency. This is because we do
not have the ability on AMD to get a highest frequency value.

On AMD systems the highest performance and nominal performance
vaues do correspond to the highest and base frequencies for the system
so using them should produce an appropriate ratio but some tweaking
is likely necessary.

Due to CPPC being initialized later in boot than when the frequency
invariant calculation is currently made, I had to create a callback
from the CPPC init code to do the calculation after we have CPPC
data.

Special thanks to "kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>" for reporting that
compilation of drivers/acpi/cppc_acpi.c is conditional to
CONFIG_ACPI_CPPC_LIB, not just CONFIG_ACPI.

[ ggherdovich@suse.cz: made safe under CPU hotplug, edited changelog. ]
Signed-off-by: Nathan Fontenot <nathan.fontenot@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Giovanni Gherdovich <ggherdovich@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201112182614.10700-2-ggherdovich@suse.cz

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Pull power management fix from Rafael Wysocki:
 "Fix a recently introduced build issue in the cpufreq SCMI driver
  (Sudeep Holla)"

* tag 'pm-5.10-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm:
  cpufreq: scmi: Fix build for !CONFIG_COMMON_CLK

0day reported one -22.7% regression for will-it-scale page_fault2
case [1] on a 4 sockets 144 CPU platform, and bisected to it to be
caused by Waiman's optimization (commit bd0b230f) of saving one
'struct page_counter' space for 'struct mem_cgroup'.

Initially we thought it was due to the cache alignment change introduced
by the patch, but further debug shows that it is due to some hot data
members ('vmstats_local', 'vmstats_percpu', 'vmstats') sit in 2 adjacent
cacheline (2N and 2N+1 cacheline), and when adjacent cache line prefetch
is enabled, it triggers an "extended level" of cache false sharing for
2 adjacent cache lines.

So exchange the 2 member blocks, while keeping mostly the original
cache alignment, which can restore and even enhance the performance,
and save 64 bytes of space for 'struct mem_cgroup' (from 2880 to 2816,
with 0day's default RHEL-8.3 kernel config)

[1]. https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20201102091543.GM31092@shao2-debian/

Fixes: bd0b230f ("mm/memcg: unify swap and memsw page counters")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <rong.a.chen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull media fixes from Mauro Carvalho Chehab:

 - a rand Kconfig fixup for mtk-vcodec

 - a fix at h264 handling at cedrus codec driver

 - some warning fixes when config PM is not enabled at marvell-ccic

 - two fixes at venus codec driver: one related to codec profile and the
   other one related to a bad error path which causes an OOPS on module
   re-bind

* tag 'media/v5.10-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media:
  media: venus: pm_helpers: Fix kernel module reload
  media: venus: venc: Fix setting of profile and level
  media: cedrus: h264: Fix check for presence of scaling matrix
  media: media/platform/marvell-ccic: fix warnings when CONFIG_PM is not enabled
  media: mtk-vcodec: fix build breakage when one of VPU or SCP is enabled
  media: mtk-vcodec: move firmware implementations into their own files

Pull cifs fixes from Steve French:
 "Four smb3 fixes for stable: one fixes a memleak, the other three
  address a problem found with decryption offload that can cause a use
  after free"

* tag '5.10-rc5-smb3-fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  smb3: Handle error case during offload read path
  smb3: Avoid Mid pending list corruption
  smb3: Call cifs reconnect from demultiplex thread
  cifs: fix a memleak with modefromsid

Twice now, when exercising ext4 looped on shmem huge pages, I have crashed
on the PF_ONLY_HEAD check inside PageWaiters(): ext4_finish_bio() calling
end_page_writeback() calling wake_up_page() on tail of a shmem huge page,
no longer an ext4 page at all.

The problem is that PageWriteback is not accompanied by a page reference
(as the NOTE at the end of test_clear_page_writeback() acknowledges): as
soon as TestClearPageWriteback has been done, that page could be removed
from page cache, freed, and reused for something else by the time that
wake_up_page() is reached.

https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/20200827122019.GC14765@casper.infradead.org/
Matthew Wilcox suggested avoiding or weakening the PageWaiters() tail
check; but I'm paranoid about even looking at an unreferenced struct page,
lest its memory might itself have already been reused or hotremoved (and
wake_up_page_bit() may modify that memory with its ClearPageWaiters()).

Then on crashing a second time, realized there's a stronger reason against
that approach.  If my testing just occasionally crashes on that check,
when the page is reused for part of a compound page, wouldn't it be much
more common for the page to get reused as an order-0 page before reaching
wake_up_page()?  And on rare occasions, might that reused page already be
marked PageWriteback by its new user, and already be waited upon?  What
would that look like?

It would look like BUG_ON(PageWriteback) after wait_on_page_writeback()
in write_cache_pages() (though I have never seen that crash myself).

Matthew Wilcox explaining this to himself:
 "page is allocated, added to page cache, dirtied, writeback starts,

  --- thread A ---
  filesystem calls end_page_writeback()
        test_clear_page_writeback()
  --- context switch to thread B ---
  truncate_inode_pages_range() finds the page, it doesn't have writeback set,
  we delete it from the page cache.  Page gets reallocated, dirtied, writeback
  starts again.  Then we call write_cache_pages(), see
  PageWriteback() set, call wait_on_page_writeback()
  --- context switch back to thread A ---
  wake_up_page(page, PG_writeback);
  ... thread B is woken, but because the wakeup was for the old use of
  the page, PageWriteback is still set.

  Devious"

And prior to 2a9127fc ("mm: rewrite wait_on_page_bit_common() logic")
this would have been much less likely: before that, wake_page_function()'s
non-exclusive case would stop walking and not wake if it found Writeback
already set again; whereas now the non-exclusive case proceeds to wake.

I have not thought of a fix that does not add a little overhead: the
simplest fix is for end_page_writeback() to get_page() before calling
test_clear_page_writeback(), then put_page() after wake_up_page().

Was there a chance of missed wakeups before, since a page freed before
reaching wake_up_page() would have PageWaiters cleared?  I think not,
because each waiter does hold a reference on the page.  This bug comes
when the old use of the page, the one we do TestClearPageWriteback on,
had *no* waiters, so no additional page reference beyond the page cache
(and whoever racily freed it).  The reuse of the page has a waiter
holding a reference, and its own PageWriteback set; but the belated
wake_up_page() has woken the reuse to hit that BUG_ON(PageWriteback).

Reported-by: syzbot+3622cea378100f45d59f@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: Qian Cai <cai@lca.pw>
Fixes: 2a9127fc ("mm: rewrite wait_on_page_bit_common() logic")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.8+
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull s390 fix from Heiko Carstens:
 "Disable interrupts when restoring fpu and vector registers, otherwise
  KVM guests might see corrupted register contents"

* tag 's390-5.10-5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux:
  s390: fix fpu restore in entry.S

Pull ARC fixes from Vineet Gupta:
 "A couple more stack unwinder related fixes:

   - More stack unwinding updates

   - Misc minor fixes"

* tag 'arc-5.10-rc6' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vgupta/arc:
  ARC: stack unwinding: reorganize how initial register state setup
  ARC: stack unwinding: don't assume non-current task is sleeping
  ARC: mm: fix spelling mistakes
  ARC: bitops: Remove unecessary operation and value

Trade one atomic op for a full memory barrier.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>

Get rid of the __call_single_node union and cleanup the API a little
to avoid external code relying on the structure layout as much.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>

Get rid of the __call_single_node union and clean up the API a little
to avoid external code relying on the structure layout as much.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>

At fork time currently, a local node can be allowed to fill completely
and allow the periodic load balancer to fix the problem. This can be
problematic in cases where a task creates lots of threads that idle until
woken as part of a worker poll causing a memory bandwidth problem.

However, a "real" workload suffers badly from this behaviour. The workload
in question is mostly NUMA aware but spawns large numbers of threads
that act as a worker pool that can be called from anywhere. These need
to spread early to get reasonable behaviour.

This patch limits how much a local node can fill before spilling over
to another node and it will not be a universal win. Specifically,
very short-lived workloads that fit within a NUMA node would prefer
the memory bandwidth.

As I cannot describe the "real" workload, the best proxy measure I found
for illustration was a page fault microbenchmark. It's not representative
of the workload but demonstrates the hazard of the current behaviour.

pft timings
                                 5.10.0-rc2             5.10.0-rc2
                          imbalancefloat-v2          forkspread-v2
Amean     elapsed-1        46.37 (   0.00%)       46.05 *   0.69%*
Amean     elapsed-4        12.43 (   0.00%)       12.49 *  -0.47%*
Amean     elapsed-7         7.61 (   0.00%)        7.55 *   0.81%*
Amean     elapsed-12        4.79 (   0.00%)        4.80 (  -0.17%)
Amean     elapsed-21        3.13 (   0.00%)        2.89 *   7.74%*
Amean     elapsed-30        3.65 (   0.00%)        2.27 *  37.62%*
Amean     elapsed-48        3.08 (   0.00%)        2.13 *  30.69%*
Amean     elapsed-79        2.00 (   0.00%)        1.90 *   4.95%*
Amean     elapsed-80        2.00 (   0.00%)        1.90 *   4.70%*

This is showing the time to fault regions belonging to threads. The target
machine has 80 logical CPUs and two nodes. Note the ~30% gain when the
machine is approximately the point where one node becomes fully utilised.
The slower results are borderline noise.

Kernel building shows similar benefits around the same balance point.
Generally performance was either neutral or better in the tests conducted.
The main consideration with this patch is the point where fork stops
spreading a task so some workloads may benefit from different balance
points but it would be a risky tuning parameter.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201120090630.3286-5-mgorman@techsingularity.net

Currently, an imbalance is only allowed when a destination node
is almost completely idle. This solved one basic class of problems
and was the cautious approach.

This patch revisits the possibility that NUMA nodes can be imbalanced
until 25% of the CPUs are occupied. The reasoning behind 25% is somewhat
superficial -- it's half the cores when HT is enabled.  At higher
utilisations, balancing should continue as normal and keep things even
until scheduler domains are fully busy or over utilised.

Note that this is not expected to be a universal win. Any benchmark
that prefers spreading as wide as possible with limited communication
will favour the old behaviour as there is more memory bandwidth.
Workloads that communicate heavily in pairs such as netperf or tbench
benefit. For the tests I ran, the vast majority of workloads saw
a benefit so it seems to be a worthwhile trade-off.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201120090630.3286-4-mgorman@techsingularity.net

In find_idlest_group(), the load imbalance is only relevant when the group
is either overloaded or fully busy but it is calculated unconditionally.
This patch moves the imbalance calculation to the context it is required.
Technically, it is a micro-optimisation but really the benefit is avoiding
confusing one type of imbalance with another depending on the group_type
in the next patch.

No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201120090630.3286-3-mgorman@techsingularity.net

This is simply a preparation patch to make the following patches easier
to read. No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201120090630.3286-2-mgorman@techsingularity.net

Now that the scheduler can deal with migrate disable properly, there is no
real compelling reason to make it only available for RT.

There are quite some code pathes which needlessly disable preemption in
order to prevent migration and some constructs like kmap_atomic() enforce
it implicitly.

Making it available independent of RT allows to provide a preemptible
variant of kmap_atomic() and makes the code more consistent in general.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Grudgingly-Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201118204007.269943012@linutronix.de

Pull Hyper-V fix from Wei Liu:
 "One patch from Dexuan to fix VRAM cache type in Hyper-V framebuffer
  driver"

* tag 'hyperv-fixes-signed' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hyperv/linux:
  video: hyperv_fb: Fix the cache type when mapping the VRAM

Pull SCMI cpufreq driver fix for 5.10-rc6 from Viresh Kumar:

"This fixes a build issues with SCMI cpufreq driver in the
 !CONFIG_COMMON_CLK case."

* 'cpufreq/arm/fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vireshk/pm:
  cpufreq: scmi: Fix build for !CONFIG_COMMON_CLK

We need to disable interrupts in load_fpu_regs(). Otherwise an
interrupt might come in after the registers are loaded, but before
CIF_FPU is cleared in load_fpu_regs(). When the interrupt returns,
CIF_FPU will be cleared and the registers will never be restored.

The entry.S code usually saves the interrupt state in __SF_EMPTY on the
stack when disabling/restoring interrupts. sie64a however saves the pointer
to the sie control block in __SF_SIE_CONTROL, which references the same
location.  This is non-obvious to the reader. To avoid thrashing the sie
control block pointer in load_fpu_regs(), move the __SIE_* offsets eight
bytes after __SF_EMPTY on the stack.

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.8
Fixes: 0b0ed657 ("s390: remove critical section cleanup from entry.S")
Reported-by: Pierre Morel <pmorel@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>

Commit 8410e7f3 ("cpufreq: scmi: Fix OPP addition failure with a
dummy clock provider") registers a dummy clock provider using
devm_of_clk_add_hw_provider. These *_hw_provider functions are defined
only when CONFIG_COMMON_CLK=y. One possible fix is to add the Kconfig
dependency, but since we plan to move away from the clock dependency
for scmi cpufreq, it is preferrable to avoid that.

Let us just conditionally compile out the offending call to
devm_of_clk_add_hw_provider. It also uses the variable 'dev' outside
of the #ifdef block to avoid build warning.

Fixes: 8410e7f3 ("cpufreq: scmi: Fix OPP addition failure with a dummy clock provider")
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Sudeep Holla <sudeep.holla@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>

Pull HID fixes from Jiri Kosina:

 - Various functionality / regression fixes for Logitech devices from
   Hans de Goede

 - Fix for (recently added) GPIO support in mcp2221 driver from Lars
   Povlsen

 - Power management handling fix/quirk in i2c-hid driver for certain
   BIOSes that have strange aproach to power-cycle from Hans de Goede

 - a few device ID additions and device-specific quirks

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hid/hid:
  HID: logitech-dj: Fix Dinovo Mini when paired with a MX5x00 receiver
  HID: logitech-dj: Fix an error in mse_bluetooth_descriptor
  HID: Add Logitech Dinovo Edge battery quirk
  HID: logitech-hidpp: Add HIDPP_CONSUMER_VENDOR_KEYS quirk for the Dinovo Edge
  HID: logitech-dj: Handle quad/bluetooth keyboards with a builtin trackpad
  HID: add HID_QUIRK_INCREMENT_USAGE_ON_DUPLICATE for Gamevice devices
  HID: mcp2221: Fix GPIO output handling
  HID: hid-sensor-hub: Fix issue with devices with no report ID
  HID: i2c-hid: Put ACPI enumerated devices in D3 on shutdown
  HID: add support for Sega Saturn
  HID: cypress: Support Varmilo Keyboards' media hotkeys
  HID: ite: Replace ABS_MISC 120/121 events with touchpad on/off keypresses
  HID: logitech-hidpp: Add PID for MX Anywhere 2
  HID: uclogic: Add ID for Trust Flex Design Tablet

Pull scheduler fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A couple of scheduler fixes:

   - Make the conditional update of the overutilized state work
     correctly by caching the relevant flags state before overwriting
     them and checking them afterwards.

   - Fix a data race in the wakeup path which caused loadavg on ARM64
     platforms to become a random number generator.

   - Fix the ordering of the iowaiter accounting operations so it can't
     be decremented before it is incremented.

   - Fix a bug in the deadline scheduler vs. priority inheritance when a
     non-deadline task A has inherited the parameters of a deadline task
     B and then blocks on a non-deadline task C.

     The second inheritance step used the static deadline parameters of
     task A, which are usually 0, instead of further propagating task
     B's parameters. The zero initialized parameters trigger a bug in
     the deadline scheduler"

* tag 'sched-urgent-2020-11-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/deadline: Fix priority inheritance with multiple scheduling classes
  sched: Fix rq->nr_iowait ordering
  sched: Fix data-race in wakeup
  sched/fair: Fix overutilized update in enqueue_task_fair()

Pull perf fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A single fix for the x86 perf sysfs interfaces which used kobject
  attributes instead of device attributes and therefore making clang's
  control flow integrity checker upset"

* tag 'perf-urgent-2020-11-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf/x86: fix sysfs type mismatches

Pull locking fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A single fix for lockdep which makes the recursion protection cover
  graph lock/unlock"

* tag 'locking-urgent-2020-11-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  lockdep: Put graph lock/unlock under lock_recursion protection

Pull EFI fixes from Borislav Petkov:
 "Forwarded EFI fixes from Ard Biesheuvel:

   - fix memory leak in efivarfs driver

   - fix HYP mode issue in 32-bit ARM version of the EFI stub when built
     in Thumb2 mode

   - avoid leaking EFI pgd pages on allocation failure"

* tag 'efi-urgent-for-v5.10-rc3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  efi/x86: Free efi_pgd with free_pages()
  efivarfs: fix memory leak in efivarfs_create()
  efi/arm: set HSCTLR Thumb2 bit correctly for HVC calls from HYP

Pull x86 fixes from Borislav Petkov:

 - An IOMMU VT-d build fix when CONFIG_PCI_ATS=n along with a revert of
   same because the proper one is going through the IOMMU tree (Thomas
   Gleixner)

 - An Intel microcode loader fix to save the correct microcode patch to
   apply during resume (Chen Yu)

 - A fix to not access user memory of other processes when dumping
   opcode bytes (Thomas Gleixner)

* tag 'x86_urgent_for_v5.10-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  Revert "iommu/vt-d: Take CONFIG_PCI_ATS into account"
  x86/dumpstack: Do not try to access user space code of other tasks
  x86/microcode/intel: Check patch signature before saving microcode for early loading
  iommu/vt-d: Take CONFIG_PCI_ATS into account

Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
 "8 patches.

  Subsystems affected by this patch series: mm (madvise, pagemap,
  readahead, memcg, userfaultfd), kbuild, and vfs"

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>:
  mm: fix madvise WILLNEED performance problem
  libfs: fix error cast of negative value in simple_attr_write()
  mm/userfaultfd: do not access vma->vm_mm after calling handle_userfault()
  mm: memcg/slab: fix root memcg vmstats
  mm: fix readahead_page_batch for retry entries
  mm: fix phys_to_target_node() and memory_add_physaddr_to_nid() exports
  compiler-clang: remove version check for BPF Tracing
  mm/madvise: fix memory leak from process_madvise

Pull staging and IIO fixes from Greg KH:
 "Here are some small Staging and IIO driver fixes for 5.10-rc5. They
  include:

   - IIO fixes for reported regressions and problems

   - new device ids for IIO drivers

   - new device id for rtl8723bs driver

   - staging ralink driver Kconfig dependency fix

   - staging mt7621-pci bus resource fix

  All of these have been in linux-next all week with no reported issues"

* tag 'staging-5.10-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/staging:
  iio: accel: kxcjk1013: Add support for KIOX010A ACPI DSM for setting tablet-mode
  iio: accel: kxcjk1013: Replace is_smo8500_device with an acpi_type enum
  docs: ABI: testing: iio: stm32: remove re-introduced unsupported ABI
  iio: light: fix kconfig dependency bug for VCNL4035
  iio/adc: ingenic: Fix AUX/VBAT readings when touchscreen is used
  iio/adc: ingenic: Fix battery VREF for JZ4770 SoC
  staging: rtl8723bs: Add 024c:0627 to the list of SDIO device-ids
  staging: ralink-gdma: fix kconfig dependency bug for DMA_RALINK
  staging: mt7621-pci: avoid to request pci bus resources
  iio: imu: st_lsm6dsx: set 10ms as min shub slave timeout
  counter/ti-eqep: Fix regmap max_register
  iio: adc: stm32-adc: fix a regression when using dma and irq
  iio: adc: mediatek: fix unset field
  iio: cros_ec: Use default frequencies when EC returns invalid information

Pull tty fixes from Greg KH:
 "Here are some small tty/serial fixes for 5.10-rc5 that resolve some
  reported issues:

   - speakup crash when telling the kernel to use a device that isn't
     really there

   - imx serial driver fixes for reported problems

   - ar933x_uart driver fix for probe error handling path

  All have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues"

* tag 'tty-5.10-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/tty:
  serial: ar933x_uart: disable clk on error handling path in probe
  tty: serial: imx: keep console clocks always on
  speakup: Do not let the line discipline be used several times
  tty: serial: imx: fix potential deadlock

Pull ext4 fixes from Ted Ts'o:
 "A final set of miscellaneous bug fixes for ext4"

* tag 'ext4_for_linus_fixes2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
  ext4: fix bogus warning in ext4_update_dx_flag()
  jbd2: fix kernel-doc markups
  ext4: drop fast_commit from /proc/mounts

When doing a lookup in a directory, the afs filesystem uses a bulk
status fetch to speculatively retrieve the statuses of up to 48 other
vnodes found in the same directory and it will then either update extant
inodes or create new ones - effectively doing 'lookup ahead'.

To avoid the possibility of deadlocking itself, however, the filesystem
doesn't lock all of those inodes; rather just the directory inode is
locked (by the VFS).

When the operation completes, afs_inode_init_from_status() or
afs_apply_status() is called, depending on whether the inode already
exists, to commit the new status.

A case exists, however, where the speculative status fetch operation may
straddle a modification operation on one of those vnodes.  What can then
happen is that the speculative bulk status RPC retrieves the old status,
and whilst that is happening, the modification happens - which returns
an updated status, then the modification status is committed, then we
attempt to commit the speculative status.

This results in something like the following being seen in dmesg:

	kAFS: vnode modified {100058:861} 8->9 YFS.InlineBulkStatus

showing that for vnode 861 on volume 100058, we saw YFS.InlineBulkStatus
say that the vnode had data version 8 when we'd already recorded version
9 due to a local modification.  This was causing the cache to be
invalidated for that vnode when it shouldn't have been.  If it happens
on a data file, this might lead to local changes being lost.

Fix this by ignoring speculative status updates if the data version
doesn't match the expected value.

Note that it is possible to get a DV regression if a volume gets
restored from a backup - but we should get a callback break in such a
case that should trigger a recheck anyway.  It might be worth checking
the volume creation time in the volsync info and, if a change is
observed in that (as would happen on a restore), invalidate all caches
associated with the volume.

Fixes: 5cf9dd55 ("afs: Prospectively look up extra files when doing a single lookup")
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The calculation of the end page index was incorrect, leading to a
regression of 70% when running stress-ng.

With this fix, we instead see a performance improvement of 3%.

Fixes: e6e88712 ("mm: optimise madvise WILLNEED")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <rong.a.chen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Xing Zhengjun <zhengjun.xing@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Cc: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Cc: "Chen, Rong A" <rong.a.chen@intel.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201109134851.29692-1-willy@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The attr->set() receive a value of u64, but simple_strtoll() is used for
doing the conversion.  It will lead to the error cast if user inputs a
negative value.

Use kstrtoull() instead of simple_strtoll() to convert a string got from
the user to an unsigned value.  The former will return '-EINVAL' if it
gets a negetive value, but the latter can't handle the situation
correctly.  Make 'val' unsigned long long as what kstrtoull() takes,
this will eliminate the compile warning on no 64-bit architectures.

Fixes: f7b88631 ("fs/libfs.c: fix simple_attr_write() on 32bit machines")
Signed-off-by: Yicong Yang <yangyicong@hisilicon.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1605341356-11872-1-git-send-email-yangyicong@hisilicon.comSigned-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>