Turns out rules about PT_INTERP, PT_GNU_STACK and PT_GNU_PROPERTY
program headers are slightly different.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/88d3f1bb-f4e0-4c40-9304-3843513a1262@p183Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

ST's STiH415 and STiH416 platforms support have been removed since
a long time already.  This commit updates the sti related documentation
overview to remove related entries and update the sti part to add
STiH407/STiH410 and STiH418 platforms which are still actively
supported.
Signed-off-by: Alain Volmat <avolmat@me.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230416185349.18156-1-avolmat@me.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

We have long disabled the "html_use_smartypants" option to prevent Sphinx
from mangling "--" sequences (among others).  Unfortunately, Sphinx changed
that option to "smartquotes" in the 1.6.6 release, and seemingly didn't see
fit to warn about the use of the obsolete option, resulting in the
aforementioned mangling returning.  Disable this behavior again and hope
that the option name stays stable for a while.
Reported-by: Zipeng Zhang <zhangzipeng0@foxmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/tencent_CB1A298D31FD221496FF657CD7EF406E6605@qq.comReviewed-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Newline characters will be taken into account for the firmware search
path parameter, warn users about that and provide an example using 'echo
-n' such that it clarifies the typical use of that parameter.
Signed-off-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230402135423.3235-1-f.fainelli@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

it's -> its
referenced to by -> referenced by
Signed-off-by: Kim Phillips <kim.phillips@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230331165254.207526-1-kim.phillips@amd.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

When doing performance tuning or debugging performance regressions,
more and more cases are found to be related to false sharing [1][2][3],
and the situation can be worse for newer platforms with hundreds of
CPUs. There are already many commits in current kernel specially
for mitigating the performance degradation due to false sharing.

False sharing could harm the performance silently without being
noticed, due to reasons like:
* data members of a big data structure randomly sitting together
  in one cache line
* global data of small size are linked compactly together

So it's better to make a simple document about the normal pattern
of false sharing, basic ways to mitigate it and call out to
developers to pay attention during code-writing.

[ Many thanks to Dave Hansen, Ying Huang, Tim Chen, Julie Du and
  Yu Chen for their contributions ]

[1]. https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220619150456.GB34471@xsang-OptiPlex-9020/
[2]. https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20201102091543.GM31092@shao2-debian/
[3]. https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230307125538.818862491@linutronix.de/Signed-off-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230407041235.37886-1-feng.tang@intel.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Stumbled upon a typo while reading the doc, here's a fix.
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/af1505348a67981f63ccff4e3c3d45b686cda43f.1680864874.git.mst@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/m68k into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.
Reviewed-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/parisc into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.

Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/ia64 into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/arc into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/nios2 into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/openrisc into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.

Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Stefan Kristiansson <stefan.kristiansson@saunalahti.fi>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/sh into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.

Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: John Paul Adrian Glaubitz <glaubitz@physik.fu-berlin.de>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/sparc into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.

Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Architecture-specific documentation is being moved into Documentation/arch/
as a way of cleaning up the top-level documentation directory and making
the docs hierarchy more closely match the source hierarchy.  Move
Documentation/xtensa into arch/ and fix all in-tree references.

Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Reviewed-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

This mirrors commit 4f1bb038 ("docs: create a top-level arch/
directory"), creating a top-level directory to hold architecture-specific
documentation.
Acked-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Move the x86 documentation under Documentation/arch/ as a way of cleaning
up the top-level directory and making the structure of our docs more
closely match the structure of the source directories it describes.

All in-kernel references to the old paths have been updated.
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230315211523.108836-1-corbet@lwn.net/Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Commit ba47652b ("media: meye: remove this deprecated driver")
removes meye driver but forgets to purge its kernel-parameters.txt
entry, hence broken reference.

Remove the entry.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/202302070341.OVqstpMM-lkp@intel.com/
Fixes: ba47652b ("media: meye: remove this deprecated driver")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230315100246.62324-1-bagasdotme@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Italian translation updated following these changes:

commit 901578a4 ("docs: recommend using Link: whenever using Reported-by:")"
commit 775a445d ("coding-style: fix title of Greg K-H's talk")
commit 1d2ed923 ("Documentation: process: Document suitability of Proton Mail for kernel development")
commit 9d0f5cd1 ("docs: promote the title of process/index.rst")
commit d4563201 ("Documentation: simplify and clarify DCO contribution example language")
commit e7b4311e ("Replace HTTP links with HTTPS ones: Documentation/process")
commit 0b02076f ("docs: programming-language: add Rust programming language section")
commit 38484a1d ("docs: programming-language: remove mention of the Intel compiler")
commit b8885e26 ("Documentation: front page: use recommended heading adornments")
Signed-off-by: Federico Vaga <federico.vaga@vaga.pv.it>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230326130213.28755-1-federico.vaga@vaga.pv.itSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

As this file is included literally, ZERO WIDTH SPACE causes
"make pdfdocs" to emit messages which read:

  Missing character: There is no ​ (U+200B) in font DejaVu Sans Mono/OT:script=latn;language=dflt;!
  Missing character: There is no ​ (U+200B) in font DejaVu Sans Mono/OT:script=latn;language=dflt;!

U+200B (ZERO WIDTH SPADE) has no effect in literal blocks.
Remove them and get rid of those noises.
Signed-off-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Carlos Bilbao <carlos.bilbao@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/c38176c7-c30a-4c2c-3516-8d3be1c267dc@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

As the first step in bringing some order to our architecture-specific
documentation, create a top-level arch/ directory and move arch.rst as its
index.rst file.

There is no change in the rendered docs at this point.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Add a text explaining how to quickly build a kernel, as that's something
users will often have to do when they want to report an issue or test
proposed fixes. This is a huge and frightening task for quite a few
users these days, as many rely on pre-compiled kernels and have never
built their own. They find help on quite a few websites explaining the
process in various ways, but those howtos often omit important details
or make things too hard for the 'quickly build just for testing' case
that 'localmodconfig' is really useful for. Hence give users something
at hand to guide them, as that makes it easier for them to help with
testing, debugging, and fixing the kernel.

To keep the complexity at bay, the document explicitly focuses on how to
compile the kernel on commodity distributions running on commodity
hardware. People that deal with less common distributions or hardware
will often know their way around already anyway.

The text describes a few oddities of Arch and Debian that were found by
the author and a few volunteers that tested the described procedure.
There are likely more such quirks that need to be covered as well as a
few things the author will have missed -- but one has to start
somewhere.

The document heavily uses anchors and links to them, which makes things
slightly harder to read in the source form. But the intended target
audience is way more likely to read rendered versions of this text on
pages like docs.kernel.org anyway -- and there those anchors and links
allow easy jumps to the reference section and back, which makes the
document a lot easier to work with for the intended target audience.

Aspects relevant for bisection were left out on purpose, as that is a
related, but in the end different use case. The rough plan is to have a
second document with a similar style to cover bisection. The idea is to
reuse a few bits from this document and link quite often to entries in
the reference section with the help of the anchors in this text.
Signed-off-by: Thorsten Leemhuis <linux@leemhuis.info>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1a788a8e7ba8a2063df08668f565efa832016032.1678021408.git.linux@leemhuis.infoSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The talk title was inadvertently mangled in 8c27ceff ("docs: fix
locations of several documents that got moved").
Signed-off-by: Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230322215311.6579-1-jwilk@jwilk.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

commit b041b525 ("x86/split_lock: Make life miserable for split
lockers") added a delay and serialization of split locks. Commit
72720937 ("x86/split_lock: Add sysctl to control the misery mode")
provided a sysctl to turn off the misery.

Update the split lock documentation to describe the current state of
the code.
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230315225722.104607-1-tony.luck@intel.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Add a missing markup for the code snippet at the end of lru_sort.rst
Signed-off-by: Zang Leigang <zangleigang@hisilicon.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230316024519.27992-1-zangleigang@hisilicon.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Sort all of the "no..." kernel parameters into the correct order
as specified in kernel-parameters.rst: "into English Dictionary order
(defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters
in a case insensitive manner)".

No other changes here, just movement of lines.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230317002635.16540-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Major update for maintainer-pgp-guide

commit e4412739 ("Documentation: raise minimum supported version of binutils to 2.25")
commit 67fe6792 ("Documentation: stable: Document alternative for referring upstream commit hash")
commit 8763a30b ("docs: deprecated.rst: Add note about DECLARE_FLEX_ARRAY() usage
commit 2f993509 ("docs: process/5.Posting.rst: clarify use of Reported-by: tag")
commit a31323be ("timers: Update the documentation to reflect on the new timer_shutdown() API")
Signed-off-by: Federico Vaga <federico.vaga@vaga.pv.it>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230319134624.21327-1-federico.vaga@vaga.pv.itSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Documentation: maintainer-tip: Rectify link to "Describe your changes" section of submitting-patches.rst

The general changelog rules for the tip tree refers to "Describe your
changes" section of submitting patches guide. However, the internal link
reference targets to non-existent "submittingpatches" label, which
brings reader to the top of the linked doc.

Correct the target. No changes to submitting-patches.rst since the
required label is already there.

Fixes: 31c9d7c8 ("Documentation/process: Add tip tree handbook")
Signed-off-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230320124327.174881-1-bagasdotme@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Add an example of memory layout with interleaving nodes where even memory
banks belong to node 0 and odd memory banks belong to node 1
Suggested-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230213154447.1631847-1-rppt@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Replace the content of the qnx4 README file with the canonical place for
such information.

Add the credits of the qnx4 contribution to CREDITS. As there is already a
QNX4 FILESYSTEM section in MAINTAINERS, it is clear who to contact and send
patches to.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Acked-By: Anders Larsen <al@alarsen.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230220170210.15677-3-lukas.bulwahn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Replace the content of the qnx6 README file with the canonical places for
such information.

Add the credits of the qnx6 contribution to CREDITS, and add an section in
MAINTAINERS to mark this filesystem as Orphan, as the domain ontika.net and
email address does not resolve to an IP address anymore.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230220170210.15677-2-lukas.bulwahn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

For the list of kernel published books, include publication covering kernel
debugging from August, 2022 (ISBN 978-1801075039) and one from March, 2021
on the topic of char device drivers and kernel synchronization (ISBN
978-1801079518). Also add foundational book from Robert Love (ISBN
978-1449339531) and remove extra spaces.
Co-developed-by: Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan.billimoria@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kaiwan N Billimoria <kaiwan.billimoria@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Carlos Bilbao <carlos.bilbao@amd.com>

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230222183445.3127324-1-carlos.bilbao@amd.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Sort the NFS kernel command line parameters. This is done in 4 groups
so as to not have them intermingled: 'nfs' module parameters, 'nfs4'
module parameters, 'nfsd' module parameters, and nfs "global" (__setup,
no module) parameters.

There were 5 parameters which were listed with a space between the
parameter name and the following '=' sign. The space has been
removed since module parameters expect 'parameter=' with no intervening
space.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Cc: Anna Schumaker <anna@kernel.org>
Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-nfs@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230227025816.1083-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Replace link to a non-existing page with a note that lanana.org does not
maintain Linux Zone Unicode Assignments anymore.

Remove the reference to H. Peter Anvin and the unicode lanana.org email as
the maintainer of this file, as at this point, this is all maintained by
the general kernel community.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230307144000.29539-3-lukas.bulwahn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

As described in Documentation/admin-guide/devices.rst, the device number
registry (or linux device list) is at Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt
and no longer maintained at lanana.org.

The devices.txt file is basically community-maintained, and there is no
other dedicated maintainer or contact for that file nowadays.

Remove the historic section DEVICE NUMBER REGISTRY in MAINTAINERS.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230307144000.29539-2-lukas.bulwahn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

As a follow-up to a discussion at the 2021 Maintainer's Summit on the
topic of maintainer recruitment and retention, the TAB took on the
task of creating a document which to help companies and other
organizations to grow in their ability to engage with the Linux Kernel
development community, using the Maturity Model[2] framework.

The goal is to encourage, in a management-friendly way, companies to
allow their engineers to contribute with the upstream Linux Kernel
development community, so we can grow the "talent pipeline" for
contributors to become respected leaders, and eventually kernel
maintainers.

[1] https://lwn.net/Articles/870581/
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maturity_modelSigned-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Co-developed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Co-developed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230308190403.2157046-1-tytso@mit.eduSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Translate Documentation/process/deprecated.rst into Spanish.
Co-developed-by: Sergio Gonzalez <sergio.collado@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergio Gonzalez <sergio.collado@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Carlos Bilbao <carlos.bilbao@amd.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230310163651.2500175-1-carlos.bilbao@amd.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Added/updated descriptions for super_operations:
- free_inode method
- evict_inode method
- freeze_super/thaw_super method
- show_{devname,path,stats} procfs-related methods
- get_dquots method

Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexander Mikhalitsyn <aleksandr.mikhalitsyn@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230313130718.253708-3-aleksandr.mikhalitsyn@canonical.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Added descriptions for:
- fscontext API ('init_fs_context' method, 'parameters' field)
- 'fs_supers' field

Cc: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexander Mikhalitsyn <aleksandr.mikhalitsyn@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230313130718.253708-2-aleksandr.mikhalitsyn@canonical.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>